Vol 69, No 3-4 (2014)

For the last thirty years immunotherapy has become an integral part of treatment of some cancers. The most effective approach in this context would be the use of complex immunostimulatory factors including tumor antigen in different forms, interleukins that stimulate differentiation. Background: The aim of the study was to compare cellular immune response on specific and combined immunotherapy in patients with cervical cancer. Patients and methods: 76 cervical cancer patients undergoing combined radiotherapy were included into the study. Plus to basic radiation treatment two types of immunotherapy was performed: first — autolymphocytes reinfusion after in vitro incubation with tumor antigen (tumor tissue homogenate) and interleukin-2, second — combination of above mentioned immunotherapy, interleukin-2 and systemic enzyme. Results: This has resulted in increase of cellular immunity parameters in the main group with combined immunotherapy an excess of cells with killer activity to ensure an effective anti-tumor immune response and, accordingly, the clinical efficacy of specific methods and adoptive immunotherapy in patients with cervical cancer. Conclusion: Immunotherapy usage in the form of a preparation of interleukin-2 and a system enzymotherapy in a combination with a specific immunotherapy is possible. This way of treatment is recommended in cases of decreasing of cellular immunity indicators.

Background: Goal of the research was to study occurrence frequency of impacted teeth, to develop rational methods of diagnostics and treatment of denotalveolar and facial anomalies caused by impacted teeth. Patients and methods: From 1989 for 2013 period of time 7172 patients with dentoalveolar anomalies, referred to our clinic for the orthodontic help were surveyed. Results: At 899 (12,53±0,39%) patients it is revealed 1405 impacted teeth, from them on the maxilla — 623, on mandible — 752 teeth. The most widespread impacted teeth on the maxilla were canines, on the mandible — the second premolars and the third molars. Treatment of impacted teeth by stimulation of their eruption by low-frequency ultrasound with a frequency of fluctuations of 26,5 kHz, intensity of 1 W/cm, with an amplitude of 40–60 microns and wave of 0,012 m long, daily or within 1 days, with period of 3–10 seconds with the course of treatment averaging 1–5 procedures, until a tooth eruption is carried out. Conclusion: The way of stimulation developed by us for late erupted impacted permanent teeth on the basis of application physiologic for an organism low-frequency ultrasound promotes increase of efficiency and reduction of treatment terms of dentoalveolar and facial anomalies. The received positive results allow to recommend this method for adoption in orthodontic practice.

Background: The purpose of work was development of a fast and reproduced procedure for measurement of the total complement activity (ТСА) in human or animal blood serum. Materials and methods: Steady at storage liposomes preparations, which surface sensitized 2,4-DNP haptens, and the internal volume contains calceine or sulforhodamine 101 are obtained. Complement-dependent immune lysis of liposomes at presence of the anti-2,4-DNP immunoglobulines and complement preparations from animals are investigated. Results: It is shown that the degree of liposomes immune lysis depends on complement concentration in a wide range that can be used for definition of TCA level. Research of blood sera from patients has revealed correlation (r =0,793) between data received with the help of liposome immunolytic systems, and the data of nephelometric analysis with application of suspension sheep erythrocytes. Conclusion: The method allows to define total complement activity in blood serum in 15 minutes without separation of reaction components. This might be useful for measurement ТСА level at patients with various diseases and realization of scientific researches.

The article presents a review of the data, which reflects the relevance and modern views on the problem of retinopathy of prematurity, including statistical and epidemiologic data on nosology. Various pathogenetic theories of onset and progression of this disease are discussed. A clear correlation depending on the degree of prematurity, body weight and physical condition of the newborn and the risk of disease is mentioned. The summation of etiology aspects, as well as pathogenesis, classification of clinical forms and the modern approach to the diagnostics is of a quite interest. The article also describes different treatment strategies which include various methods of conservative therapy and surgery, depending on the course and stage of disease. Rehabilitation activities for children who had come through some stage of retinopathy of prematurity and are at risk for the formation of different ophthalmopathology such as refractive errors and pathology of binocular vision in the future and require a subsequent long-term monitoring in the office catamnesis are itemized. The importance of interaction between ophthalmologists and neonatologists at all stages of neonatal screening for providing timely specialized care in order to minimize the occurrence of retinopathy and prevent progression to disabling stages, as well as to improve the quality of life of these patients is shown.

Among the metabolic processes involved in the formation of physical and sexual development of adolescents recently the system of lipid peroxidation and antioxidant protection (LPO-AOP) supporting the redox state of organism and its adaptive response under the influence of different factors is highlighted. Background: The aim of this work is an analysis LPO-AOP-parameters in adolescent girls of different groups of health depending on where they live. Patients and methods: We examined 143 girls aged 15–17 years who had the second and the third groups of health and lived in the village and the city. For assessment of LPO-AOP parameters spectrophotometric, spectrofluorometric and statistical methods were used. Results: The combination of high concentration of unsaturated lipids with primary accumulation of lipid peroxidation products and the stable level of the end products of lipid peroxidation were found in girls rural both groups of health. State of the antioxidant defense system in girls of the village was characterized by a high content of its components, except for α-tocopherol. It concentration was reduced in girls of the third group of health. The levels of lipid peroxidation secondary intermediats were elevated and oxidized glutathione level was reduced in city girls of the third groups of health. Conclusion: The usage of oxidized glutathione for the prevention of exacerbations of chronic diseases in city girls of the third group of health is recommended.

Background: The article is devoted to the study of clinical and laboratory characteristics of the current of hemorrhagic vasculitis in children in the Republic of Buryatia. Patients and methods: The study included 27 patients aged 7,6±4,02 years, who conducted clinical and laboratory tests, immunological study of antiphospholipids of antibodies, genetic testing for thrombophilia markers of candidate genes. Results: The results showed that hemorrhagic vasculitis often affects children of Buryat nationality. In 96% of cases there are mixed clinical forms of the disease. 63% of children of hemorrhagic vasculitis preceded by various factors, a higher percentage of infectious diseases. The first clinical symptom in 63% of patients is a typical purpura hemorrhagic rash. Results of clinical laboratory blood tests revealed no significant deviations. Circulation of lupus anticoagulant was detected in 37% of subjects . The аCL IgM detected in 3 children, aβ2-GP-I IgA — in 4 , aβ2-GP-I IgM — in 1 patient. Carriers of thrombophilia polymorphisms were in 95% of children. Noted that homozygous variants of genes polymorphisms of methylenetetrahydrofolateredreductase and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 correlate with the presence of urinary symptoms and recurrence of the rash. Conclusion: The study shows the risk of recurrent flow of hemorrhagic vasculitis and nefritis of Henoch–Schonlein in children with thrombophilia gene polymorphism.

This review summarizes the results of studies on the composition of microbial communities in the airways of healthy individuals and patients with asthma. Modern molecular genetic technology of the microbial identification, which are based on a sequence determination of encoding proteins genes conserved regions. These regions form the 16s-subunit ribosomal RNA in microorganisms of different species. These genes are detected by sequencing markers characteristic of individual microorganisms and their phylogenetic groups, and allow to perform a deep analysis of the microbiota in healthy volunteers and patients with chronic bronchoobstructive diseases. So, apparently healthy human bronchial tree is characterized by low bacterial contamination (most typical representatives here are the genera Pseudomonas, Streptococcus, Prevotella, Fusobacteria and Veilonella, much less potentially pathogenic Haemophilus and Neisseria are represented). In bronchial asthma patients the lower respiratory tract microbiota undergoes a qualitative transformation: as compared to healthy individuals the number of Proteobacteria increases and the number of Bacteroidetes decreases. Severe asthma in children is associated with significant respiratory tract Staphylococcus spp. insemination. Association between the asthma developing higher risk in young children and organisms such as Haemophilus, Moraxella and Neisseria spp. It is of considerable interest to determine the role of the microbiome in the development of human diseases of the bronchopulmonary system, and to understand the impact of the microbes communities as a course of disease and the important factor for the development of resistance to therapy.

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