Vol 67, No 3 (2012)

For the creation of the safety of the medical aid it is necessary to make a complex systems efforts, which includes a lot of professional, organizational, juridical and psychological actions for the improvement of the treatment and diagnostic process, the promotion of the real conditions for the risk management in the organizational and clinic practice.

Despite showing that cardiovascular disease mortality in Russia is declining evaluation of medical care for cardiovascular patients, using different information sources, revealed a lot of problems in this field need its solving. Together with modernization of medical services it is urgently necessary to transform the medical education, including post graduate, information support for medical professionals in field of modern medical technologies, using in countries with low mortality rates, creation the conditions for regular updating professional knowledge . It is necessary to reconsider formal criteria for medical care evaluation, especially taking into account co morbidity of cardiovascular diseases. Our data illustrate that social disparities influence on outcomes of diseases and so for further decreasing mortality rates and increasing the life expectancy adequate treatment must be provide for all patients independently of their material wellbeing.

 

Liposomes quite recently have turned from a model of biological membranes into an object of extensive research and practical use. The versatile traits of liposomal formulation allow its' universal implementation, especially in cancer chemotherapy. The advantages of liposomal use as a carrier of an anticancer drug for its targeted selective accumulation are discussed in this article. This article contains description of new types of liposomes, differing in contents and use, such as: simple, sterically stabilized, targeted (immunoliposomes),cationic, sensitive to physical and chemical stimuli. The characteristics of liposomal systems of anticancer drug delivery designed at Blokhin Russian Oncological Scientific Centre is given in the article.

The autors report original date on the combined use of videosurgery and open surgical intervention in 3 patients. One (1 yr 10 mo) had neuroblastoma in the posterior mediastinum spreading to the retroperitoneal region, another (5 yr) presented with neuroblastoma in the thoracic aperture region spreading to the neck, the third one (14 yr) suffered limphoepithelioma-like cancer of the thymus. The combined treatment permits to optimize the surgical procedure and avoid additional use of thoraco- and laparotomy.

This review covers the development of technology and methods of hormone detection in the human biological environment: from radioimmunological technique to various immune-enzyme methods. Modern ultrasensitive methods of immuneanalysis, which function on the principle of luminescent or fluorescent signal detection, are described in the article. In the recent years physiochemical ultrasensitive methods of detection using mass-spectrometry in combination with high resolution liquid chromatography are being more acknowledged and in perspective will become the leading technique of biological detection. This article also lists main achievements reached using aforesaid methods of hormone detection both in fundamental and in clinical endocrinology.

Endocrine disruptors are exogenous anthropogenic chemicals (pesticides, herbicides, polychlorinated biphenyls, bisphenol A, polybrominated diphenyl ethers, phthalates and others), that are able to bind hormonal receptors of endocrine and other cells in vivo and act like hormones. These substances disrupt endocrine regulation of metabolism, reproduction and adaptive reactions of organisms and promote human and animal endocrine disorders.

 

One of the latent proteins encoded by the Epstein−Barr virus (EBV), the latent membrane protein 1 (LMP1), plays a key role in developing of EBV-associated human malignancies. Polymorphism of LMP1 protein is its characteristic feature. Some specific mutations in LMP1 genome have previously been detected in different geographic regions, however, the influence of these mutations on functional activity of LMP1 was not still determined. In this study we demonstrated for the first time the significance of individual point mutations among common ones observed in LMP1 and their combination on activation of the inducible form of nitric oxide synthase (iNOS). In addition, the influence of above mutations localized in the CTAR regions of the LMP1 molecule has also been investigated on structural components of the fibroblasts of the Rat1cell line.

 

Effects of multiple intravenous magnetite nanosuspension injections on the structure of rat liver, lungs, kidney, heart and spleen have been studied. Histology of the organs listed have found haemodynamic distortions and necrotic lesions in the parenchyma of these organs. With the help of Pearls histochemical method significant piling of nanoparticles were found in the cells of the mononuclear phagocytes in liver, lungs and spleen of the rats. Only singular Pearls-positive cells were found in kidneys and hearts of the rats.

A comparative study of the level of endogenous S-adenosyl-L-methionine (SAM) with other hepatoprotectors in pharmacological correction of liver drug lesion. Among 117 male rats. It has been shown that among antituberculous drugs only Remaxol and Runihol were causing significant increase in endogenic SAM. Taking into account the amelioration of lab results as well as histological condition of the liver against the background of Remaxol treatment as well as positive effect of Runihol treatment upon cholestasis, one can draw a conclusion  upon the importance of succinic acid together with SAM induction as a part of hepatoprotective effect of the drug.  Reamberin, which contains succinic acid without methionine also shows hepatoprotective qualities and doesn’t induce endogenous SAM production. Positive therapeutic effect of exogenous SAM regardless the way of administration doesn’t correlate with endogenous SAM induction, and is associated with the external hepatocyte cell membrane restoration.