Vol 68, No 4 (2013)

EDITORIAL

A STUDY OF SCIENTIFIC OUTPUT OF THE RUSSIAN ACADEMY OF MEDICAL SCIENCES IN 2011 AND ITS QUALITATIVE AND QUANTITATIVE GROWTH PROSPECTS (IN CONCORDANCE WITH OFFICIAL INDICATORS AND POLICY TARGETS)

Kurakova N.G., Starodubov V.I., Kuznetsov S.L., Tsvetkova L.A., Aref'ev P.G., Eremchenko O.A., Ivanov A.V., Kolin S.K.

Abstract

The scope of bibliometric research is focused on academic output of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences (RAMS) in 2011 by analyzing the data extracted from the Web of Science database and InCites application Research Performance Profile of RAMS. Using these analytical tools trends in dynamics of publications and citing of the RAMS researchers were calculated and the level of scientific output in some biomedical subject areas was estimated. Studies revealed the great importance of international collaboration and international coauthorship for RAMS in producing papers published in established scholarly journals. Basic metrics of scientific performance that should be required to achieve the goals declared in the recent governmental policy papers were measured for RAMS institutions as well. Another problem investigated in this research is the problem of low citedness of RAMS journal papers indexed in WoS. Factors and reasons influenced on low citedness were discovered In conclusion authors set out priorities and reasonable goal-oriented efforts to achieve better results in publication activity.

 

Annals of the Russian academy of medical sciences. 2013;68(4):4-9
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PEDIATRICS: CURRENT ISSUES

EVALUATION OF PREMATURE INFANTS NUTRITIONAL STATUS BY AIR PLETHYSMOGRAPHY: FIRST RUSSIAN PROSPECTIVE STUDY

Baranov A.A., Namazova-Baranova L.S., Belyaeva I.A., Skvortsova V.A., Turti T.V., Tarzyan E.O.

Abstract

In this article results of first Russian study on premature infants body composition in association with trend of their physical development within the first month and according to way of feeding. 30 preterm newborns without signs of intrauterine hypotrophy at birth with gestational age less than 35 month were examined by air body plethysmography. The infants were examined reaching term corrected age. Less levels of fat-free mass and increased percentage of fat were found in premature infants. The negative association between gestational age and the specific content of fat was found. This increases the risk of long-term metabolic diseases in preterm infants. It is found that preterm infants fed by fortified human milk have a more optimal body composition (less body fat levels) than infants fed by formula. The found consistent patterns confirm the necessity of supplying preterm infants with human milk for more adequate formation of plastic processes.

 

Annals of the Russian academy of medical sciences. 2013;68(4):10-16
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THE PREVALENCE ОF FOOD ALLERGIES IN CHILDREN IN WORLD NIDUS OF OPISTHORCHIASIS: BACKGROUND AND STUDY METHODOLOGY OF EPIDEMIOLOGICAL SURVEY EUROPREVALL

Fedorova O.S., Ogorodova L.M., Fedotova M.M., Evdokimova T.A., Deev I.A., Deeva E.V., Kamaltynova E.M., Kolomeets I.L., Kulikov E.S., Selivanova P.A., Spitsko Z.A., Starovoitova E.A.

Abstract

According to numerous surveys food allergy affects up to 2–6% of population in different countries and varies due to numerous factors including the prevalence of helminths infestation. The food allergy prevalence data in Russia are based on official medical statistics. The study was performed as part of «The Prevalence, Cost and Basis of Food Allergy Across Europe» (EU funded project № FP6-2006-TTC-TU-5 Proposal 045879 EuroPrevall). The aim is to create the concept of food allergy in children in opisthorchiasis endemic area based on epidemiological study of the prevalence, risk factors and clinical features. The main objective of the study will be the working out of the food safety regulations. This article describes the study design and its methodology.

 

Annals of the Russian academy of medical sciences. 2013;68(4):18-24
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OBSTETRICS AND GYNAECOLOGY: CURRENT ISSUES

FLOW ANALYSIS, PREGNANCY OUTCOMES IN THE SECOND GENERATION OF DESCENDANTS, ANCESTORS OF WHOM WERE IN THE AREA OF RADIATION EXPOSURE

Dudareva Y.A., Gur'eva V.A.

Abstract

The estimation of pregnancy, childbirth, postpartum and newborn state of the offspring in the second generation (study group), the progenitors of which were in the area of radiation exposure. The study group included data on 112 women. In the control group were assigned 53 women who themselves, their parents and grandparents were not exposed to ionizing radiation. Extragenital pathology is characterized by the predominance of the main group of diseases of the circulatory system, urinary system, blood and blood-forming organs, diseases of the endocrine system. Among gynecological diseases prevailed chronic inflammatory diseases of the pelvic organs. The high rate of complications during pregnancy, premature birth, subcompensated form of placental insufficiency in patients of the main group.

 

Annals of the Russian academy of medical sciences. 2013;68(4):25-29
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ANAESTHESIOLOGY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE: CURRENT ISSUES

THE INFLUENCE OF THE BUPIVACAINE REGIONAL ANESTHESIA ON THE CONTRACTILE ACTIVITY OF THE UTERUS AND THE FUNCTIONAL STATE OF THE FETUS

Bazizyan E.V., Konstantinova N.N., Nazarova L.A., Pervak V.A., Pavlova N.G.

Abstract

The study in chronic experiment on 26 pregnant  rabbit females induced in labor by oxytocin on the 30th day of pregnancy was conducted. The effects of bupivacaine (0,5% - 1 ml) epidural anesthesia (EA) on the contractile activity of the uterus, the functional state of the females and their fetuses were studied. On  the 28th day of pregnancy under thiopental anesthesia electrodes were administered: to the fetus - ECG, in the female myometrium - for recording electrical activity. In order to check the uterus mechanical activity the original sensor was used filled by graphite, which was placed around one horn of the uterus. The contractile activity of the myometrium was evaluated for each 5-minute interval by the number of uterine contractions, duration and amplitude of one uterine contraction. The functional state of female fetuses and rabbit female were evaluated by the frequency change of the heart rate.  In 12 females occured to delivery. Registration of uterine contractions, heart rate of the female and fetuses were carried out simultaneously and continuously throughout the whole experiment. It was shown that under standard conditions EA didn’t induce changes in uterine activity parameters of the female located in its natural position, and didn’t affect on the fetal heart rate (3-factor analysis of variance - ANOVA). 10 minutes after EA, the momentary acceleration of female heart rate (9%) was recorded in relation to the reference level, which may be associated with transient hypotension. Thus, in conditions of our experience the bupivacaine (0,5% -1,0 ml) EA in induced labor of female rabbit has no significant effect on the uterus contractile activity and the functional state of the fetus. Short-term adaptive tachycardia is registered in females.

Annals of the Russian academy of medical sciences. 2013;68(4):30-35
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RHEUMATOLOGY: CURRENT ISSUES

IMMUNOGENETIC ASPECTS ОF EARLY RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS

Guseva I.A., Demidova N.V., Soroka N.E., Novikov A.A., Luchikhina E.L., Aleksandrova E.N., Lukina G.V., Fedorenko E.V., Aronova E.S., Samarkina E.Y., Boldyreva M.N., Trofimov D.Y., Karateev D.E., Nasonov E.L.

Abstract

The study is aimed to investigate the distribution of alleles of HLA-DRB1 gene in patients with early rheumatoid arthritis and healthy individuals in Russian population, and evaluate their significance as molecular genetic markers of rheumatoid arthritis predisposition and protection. The association between alleles of HLA-DRB1 genes, antibodies to cyclic citrullinated peptides and IgM rheumatoid factor was also studied. Low and high resolution HLA-DRB1 genotyping were compared. In the cohort of patients with early rheumatoid arthritis, the alleles of HLA-DRB1 gene were found to be markers of rheumatoid arthritis protection/risk, especially in the homozygous state. They determined production of antibodies to cyclic citrullinated peptides but were not associated with rheumatoid factor IgM levels. These findings support different autoimmune mechanisms of rheumatoid arthritis pathogenesis.

 

Annals of the Russian academy of medical sciences. 2013;68(4):36-43
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TRANSPLANTOLOGY: CURRENT ISSUES

CORRECTION OF CRONIC LIVER FAILURE BY TRANSPLANTATION OF LIVER CELLS SUSPENSION AND CELL-ENGINEERING DESIGNS (EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION)

Got'e S.V., Shagidulin M.Y., Onishchenko N.A., Krashennikov M.E., Il'inskii I.M., Mozheiko N.P., Lyundup A.V., Volkova E.A., Petrakov K.I., Avramov P.V., Perova N.V., Sevast'yanov V.I.

Abstract

On an experimental model of chronic fibrotic liver damage (male rats Wistar (n=60), damage of CCl4, the duration of the experiment 90 days) it was studied the effectiveness of cell therapy for the correction of chronic liver failure. These rats were divided into 3 experimental groups: in the Ist group (control, n=10) isotonic saline (650 mkl.) was injected; in the IInd group (n=20) suspension of liver cells was applicated in a dose 8-10×106 cells; in the IIIrd group (n=30) suspension of liver cells and bone marrow cells (mesenchymal stromal cells) in ratio 5:1 were used as cell associates on microparticles injectable heterogeneous biopolymer hydrogel «SpheroGEL» (cell-engineering design) in common dose 8-10×106 cells . It was ascertained that in the 2nd and in the 3rd groups the accelerated normalization of disturbed liver functional indices (ALT, AST, ALP) took place – to 30 days, but in the control group only to 90 days. The reliable differences in rats of normalization of functional indices were absent between the IInd and the IIIrd groups. But in 90 days by using special histological dyeing it was found out that defibrotic processes in liver tissue were more expressed in the IIIrd group in comparison with the IIInd group. Received results were consequence of prolonged vital activity of cells (liver cells and mesenchymal stromal bone marrow cells) into cell-engineering designs, which were transplanted in the IIIrd group. The obtained effect can be explained by that the developed cell-engineering designs provide adequate conditions for prolonged vital activity of the transplanted cells.

 

Annals of the Russian academy of medical sciences. 2013;68(4):44-51
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LOCAL FLAP TECHNIQUE

Dmitriev G.I.

Abstract

The new local flap technique based on cutting out valve flaps combining with the principle of acute dermatension is presented in this article. The method is offered as alternative to plasty with transposed triangular flaps or Z-plasty and it allows to excise pathological scars, provides good esthetic results. On the basis of this technique some methods of eliminating post burn deformities of face, neck, mammary glands, extremities joints, hand and fingers are offered.

 

Annals of the Russian academy of medical sciences. 2013;68(4):52-56
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SHORT MESSAGES

CRITICAL REVIEW OF PRECONDITIONING

Ivanov K.P.

Abstract

Adaptation of the brain and myocardium to ischemia by short shutdowns of the regional circulation (preconditioning) is an interesting and important subject. Nowadays it is discussed with animation in the scientific literature. However this problem is very complicated and contains a lot of contradictions. We tried to examine these contradictions and to find the reasons for this phenomenon.

 

Annals of the Russian academy of medical sciences. 2013;68(4):58-62
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INVESTIGATION OF POSSIBLE APPROACHES TO ANGIOGENESIS REGULATION IN VITRO WITH THE HELP OF RECOMBINANT FRAGMENTS OF ANGIOGENESIS INHIBITORS SUCH AS ENDOSTATIN, TUMSTATIN AND PEDF

Kuznetsov S.L., Likhvantseva V.G., Arutyunyan E.V., Kuz'min K.A., Sel'kov S.A., Sokolov D.I.

Abstract

Neovascular diseases of visual organ such as age-related macular degeneration, retinopathy of prematurity, diabetic retinopathy, thrombosis of central retina vein and its branches, neovascular glaucoma, choroid and retina tumors have the leading positions in the list of ophtalmopatologies that result in blindness and incapacity. The variety of angiostatic medications of applied ophtalmology is scant. The aim of work was to study the possibile approaches to angiogenesis regulation in vitro with the help of recombinant fragments of natural inhibitors of angiogenesis such as endostatin, tumstatin and PEDF (pigment epithelial derived factor), and also their ability to be the base of potentially feasible and pharmacologically active substances. It is determined that endostatin, tumstatin and PEDF, as well as the comparison medication Bevacizumab in vitro have pro- or antiangiogenic influence. The direction of the biological effect depends on the cultivation conditions, peptide concentration in the cultural fluid and stage of angiogenesis.

 

Annals of the Russian academy of medical sciences. 2013;68(4):63-67
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