ИНДИВИДУАЛЬНАЯ ЧАСТОТА Α ОСЦИЛЛЯЦИЙ ЭЛЕКТРОЭНЦЕФАЛОГРАММЫ КАК НЕЙРОФИЗИОЛОГИЧЕСКИЙ ЭНДОФЕНОТИП ЭМОЦИОНАЛЬНЫХ ПРЕДИСПОЗИЦИЙ

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Аннотация

Индивидуальная частота α-ритма электроэнцефалограммы (individual alpha frequency, IAF) является важным нейрофизиологическим эндофенотипом, характеризующим предиспозицию к эффективной когнитивной деятельности. Учитывая, что когнитивные стратегии — важнейший компонент восприятия, переживания и регуляции эмоций, определяющий медицинские аспекты индивидуального здоровья и риски развития психосоматических заболеваний, цель настоящего исследования — оценить возможный вклад IAF в механизмы индивидуальной эмоциональной реактивности. Пациенты и методы. В качестве испытуемых выступали здоровые мужчины (n=62). Выполнено 3 психофизиологических исследования с различными моделями вызванных эмоций у человека: восприятия эмоций (1); переживания тревожного опасения (ожидания неизбегаемого аверсивного воздействия) (2); переживания дискретных положительных и отрицательных эмоций (3). Результаты. Установлено, что у лиц с высокой IAF наблюдается преобладание парасимпатических влияний в глобальном контуре вегетативной регуляции, проактивных копинг-стратегий совладания с неизбегаемой угрозой, преобладание активности положительной эмоциональной установки и доступность следов памяти на положительные переживания. Напротив, для индивидов с низкой IAF характерными являются преобладание симпатических влияний в глобальном контуре вегетативной регуляции, неадаптивные избегательные копинг-стратегии совладания со стрессором, недостаточность механизмов положительной эмоциональной активации. Выводы. Предполагается, что IAF создает устойчивый типологический контекст («hardware»), оказывающий модулирующее влияние на формирование индивидуального эмоционального пространства и адаптивность стратегий совладания с эмоциональными вызовами.

 

Об авторах

Л. И. Афтанас

НИИ физиологии и фундаментальной медицины СО РАМН, Новосибирск, Российская федерация

Автор, ответственный за переписку.
Email: l.aftanas@physiol.ru
PhD, professor, academician of RAMS, Head of the Laboratory of Psychophysiology of State Research Institute of Physiology and Fundamental Medicine under the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences. Address: 4, Timakov Street, Novosibirsk, RF, 630117, tel.: +7 (383) 335-98-55 Россия

А. В. Тумялис

НИИ физиологии и фундаментальной медицины СО РАМН, Новосибирск, Российская федерация

Email: a.v.tumyalis@physiol.ru
research scientist of the Laboratory of Psychophysiology of State Research Institute of Physiology and Fundamental Medicine under the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences. Address: 4, Timakov Street, Novosibirsk, RF, 630117, tel.: +7 (383) 335-97-37 Россия

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