Vaccine-Induced Immunity Against Pertussis in Lung Transplant Candidates

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Abstract

Background. Given the high prevalence of Bordetella pertussis, patients with respiratory disorders are at risk of getting infected with this pathogen and developing pertussis. Therefore, they should be considered a target group for vaccination against this infection.

Aims — the objective of the study was to assess vaccine-induced immunity against pertussis in lung transplant candidates.

Methods. Twenty-four patients with severe bronchopulmonary diseases, aged 18 to 60, were vaccinated against pertussis with Diphtheria and Tetanus Toxoids and Acellular Pertussis Vaccine. Five patients underwent lung transplantation. Immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies (Abs) were measured using the RIDASCREEN® Bordetella IgG test system.

Results. In the post-vaccination period, only 8.3% of the patients developed such local reactions as tenderness and induration at the injection site. The proportions of patients who were seropositive for pertussis before vaccination, one month and one year after vaccination were 71, 100 and 100%, respectively (p = 0.02). A significant increase in anti-pertussis IgG Ab levels was identified one month after a single vaccine dose, and was still observed after 12 months. In the group of two-dose vaccination, there was no statistical difference between the levels of IgG Abs one month after the first dose and one month after the second dose. A significant increase in anti-Bordetella pertussis IgG Ab levels was observed in the group of initially seronegative patients compared to seropositive patients (p = 0.03). A year after vaccination, there was no statistically significant difference in IgG Ab levels between the patients with and without a history of lung transplantation.

Conclusions. The majority (71%) of patients with severe bronchopulmonary disease was seropositive for B. pertussis. Single-dose vaccination against pertussis was safe; it induced the production of additional specific Abs and an increase in their levels in all patients. Therapy administered after lung transplantation did not significantly affect the levels of vaccine-induced Abs.

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About the authors

Mikhail P. Kostinov

I.I. Mechnikov Research Institute of Vaccines and Sera; I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)

Email: monolit.96@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-1382-9403
SPIN-code: 5081-0740

MD, PhD, Professor, Corresponding Member of the RAS

Russian Federation, Moscow; Moscow

Valentina B. Polishchuk

I.I. Mechnikov Research Institute of Vaccines and Sera

Email: polischook@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-0533-0909
SPIN-code: 6294-9253

MD, PhD

Russian Federation, Moscow

Alexey A. Ryzhov

I.I. Mechnikov Research Institute of Vaccines and Sera

Email: 5231201@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-7759-2003
SPIN-code: 7238-8285

MD, PhD

Russian Federation, Moscow

Kirill V. Mashilov

I.I. Mechnikov Research Institute of Vaccines and Sera

Email: k.v.mashilov@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-1076-1930
SPIN-code: 5806-4450

MD, PhD, Associate Professor

Russian Federation, Moscow

Natalia A. Karchevskaia

N.V. Sklifosovsky Research Institute for Emergency Medicine

Email: karchevskaia@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-8368-1056

Researcher

Russian Federation, Moscow

Anna E. Vlasenko

Samara State Medical University

Author for correspondence.
Email: vlasenkoanna@inbox.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-6454-4216

PhD in Engineering

Russian Federation, Samara

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Supplementary files

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2. Fig. 1. Concentration of IgG AT to Bordetella pertussis at each control point, individual values, geometric mean concentration and 95% confidence interval are shown

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3. Fig. 2. Concentration of IgG antibodies to Bordetella pertussis depending on the vaccination schedule at each control point, individual values, geometric mean concentration and 95% confidence interval are shown

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4. Fig. 3. Concentration of IgG antibodies to Bordetella pertussis depending on the initial level of antibodies, individual values, geometric mean concentration and 95% confidence interval are shown

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5. Fig. 4. The intensity of change in the level of IgG antibodies to Bordetella pertussis depending on the initial level 1 month after vaccination relative to the initial level, individual values, median, interquartile range, minimum and maximum values ​​are shown

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6. Fig. 5. Concentration of IgG antibodies to Bordetella pertussis depending on the type of lung transplantation, individual values, geometric mean concentration and 95% confidence interval are shown

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