Cardiovascular Effects of Incretin-Based Therapies and Their Therapeutic Potential

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Abstract

Antidiabetic drugs with incretin activity in addition to pronounced hypoglycemic activity cause moderate reduction in blood pressure and fat mass as well as improve the lipid profile in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). In clinical trials the addition of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) analogues to standart T2DM therapy leads to significantly reduce the risk of fatal and nonfatal cardiovascular complications. According to the results of many experimental and clinical studies it was shown that GLP-1 analogs protect endothelium in diabetic patients and protect cardiomyocytes after ischemia-reperfusion lesion.
Pleiotropic effects of GLP-1-based therapies are realized due to the presence of GLP-1-receptor in endothelial cells, cardiomyocytes, neurons, monocytes and macrophages, as well as due to the connection of the receptor with the most important intracellular signaling cascades (through activation of protein kinase A and B). Whereby GLP-1-based therapies affect the functional condition as well as processes of regeneration and apoptosis of target cells.
This review presents the results of studies the cardiovascular effects of GLP-1-based therapies of diabetes. Described proposed nowadays mechanisms of endothelium protective and cardioprotective action of GLP-1 analogs that associated with the action on endothelial function, vascular wall inflammation (the expression of adhesion molecules and inflammatory cytokines), and apoptosis of endothelial cells and cardiomyocytes.

About the authors

I. N. Tyurenkov

Volgograd State Medical University

Email: butchstein@yandex.ru

Доктор медицинских наук, профессор, член-корр. РАН, заведующий кафедрой фармакологии и биофармации факультета усовершенствования врачей.

Адрес: 400001, Волгоград, ул. Пугачевская, д. 3. 

SPIN-код: 6195-6378

Россия

D. A. Bakulin

Volgograd State Medical University

Author for correspondence.
Email: mbfdoc@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-4694-3066

Ассистент, аспирант кафедры фармакологии и биофармации факультета усовершенствования врачей. 

Адрес: 400001, Волгоград, ул. Пугачевская, д. 3

SPIN-код: 3339-7228

Россия

D. V. Kurkin

Volgograd State Medical University

Email: strannik986@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-1116-3425

Кандидат фармацевтических наук, ассистент кафедры фармакологии и биофармации факультета усовершенствования врачей.

Адрес: 400001, Волгоград, ул. Пугачевская, д. 3

SPIN-код: 8771-1461

Россия

E. V. Volotova

Volgograd State Medical University

Email: a-zlato@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-3916-7249

Кандидат медицинских наук, ассистент кафедры фармакологии и биофармации факультета усовершенствования врачей.

Адрес: 400001, Волгоград, ул. Пугачевская, д. 3

SPIN-код: 1483-0915

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