ИЗМЕНЕНИЯ СТРУКТУРНО-ФУНКЦИОНАЛЬНОЙ ПЛАСТИЧНОСТИ ГОЛОВНОГО МОЗГА, ИНДУЦИРОВАННЫЕ ОБОГАЩЕННОЙ СРЕДОЙ

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В обзоре литературы представлены данные о структурных и функциональных механизмах пластичности головного мозга при воздействии обогащенной среды. Обогащенная среда содержит социальные и несоциальные стимулы, воздействующие на различные аспекты развития и функционирования головного мозга. Особое внимание посвящено моделированию обогащенной среды в эксперименте. Поскольку формирование обогащенной среды подразумевает действие социальных стимулов, новых объектов, поэтому воспроизведение обогащенной среды у животных может считаться адекватной моделью для изучения изменений в структуре мозга и функций, которые происходят при обучении или приобретении сложных профессиональных навыков у человека. Описаны теории влияния обогащенной среды на нейрогенез, нейрон-глиальные взаимоотношения, на поврежденный мозг и возможности использования обогащенной среды при нейрореабилитации. Молекулярные механизмы синаптической передачи, имеющей корреляцию с эффективностью когнитивных функций, являются одной из возможных мишеней действия факторов окружающей среды на мозг в физиологических и патофизиологических условиях. Несмотря на значительный прогресс, достигнутый в понимании механизмов, которые опосредуют эффекты обогащенной среды, в нейрохимии и нейробиологии этого феномена остается много нерешенных проблем. В целом, опыт-индуцированная нейропластичность представляет собой уникальный механизм развития и восстановления головного мозга, применение которого открывает новые перспективы в нейрофармакологии и нейрореабилитации.

 

Об авторах

Ю. К. Комлева

Красноярский государственный медицинский университет им. проф. В.Ф. Войно-Ясенецкого, Российская Федерация

Автор, ответственный за переписку.
Email: yuliakomleva@mail.ru
PhD student, Department of Biochemistry, with Courses of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Chemistry Krasnoyarsk State Medical University named after prof. V.F. Voyno-Yasenetsky Address: 660022, Krasnoyarsk, Partizana Zheleznyaka St., 1; tel.: (391) 228-07-69 Россия

А. Б. Салмина

Красноярский государственный медицинский университет им. проф. В.Ф. Войно-Ясенецкого, Российская Федерация

Email: allasalmina@mail.ru
PhD, Professor, Head of Department of Biochemistry, with Courses of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Chemistry, Vice Rector for Innovative Development and International Activities, Krasnoyarsk State Medical University named after prof. V.F. Voyno-Yasenetsky Address: 660022, Krasnoyarsk, Partizana Zheleznyaka St., 1; tel.: (391) 2280769 Россия

С. В. Прокопенко

Красноярский государственный медицинский университет им. проф. В.Ф. Войно-Ясенецкого, Российская Федерация

Email: s.v.proc.58@mail.ru
PhD, Professor, Head of the Department of Nervous Diseases, Krasnoyarsk State Medical University named after prof. V.F. Voyno-Yasenetsky Address: 660022, Krasnoyarsk, Partizana Zheleznyaka St., 1; tel.: (391) 274-31-74 Россия

Л. А. Шестакова

Красноярский государственный медицинский университет им. проф. В.Ф. Войно-Ясенецкого, Российская Федерация

Email: Patholog-lan@yandex.ru
PhD, Assistant Professor, Head of the Department of Pathological Anatomy named after prof. P.G. Podzolkova, Krasnoyarsk State Medical University named after prof. V.F. Voyno-Yasenetsky Address: 660022, Krasnoyarsk, Partizana Zheleznyaka St., 1; tel.: (391) 220-14-25 Россия

М. М. Петрова

Красноярский государственный медицинский университет им. проф. В.Ф. Войно-Ясенецкого, Российская Федерация

Email: stk99@yandex.ru
PhD, Professor, Head of the Polyclinic Therapy Department, Provost for Research, Krasnoyarsk State Medical University named after prof. V.F. Voyno-Yasenetsky Address: 660022, Krasnoyarsk, Partizana Zheleznyaka St., 1; tel.: (391) 220-06-28 Россия

Н. А. Малиновская

Красноярский государственный медицинский университет им. проф. В.Ф. Войно-Ясенецкого, Российская Федерация

Email: reg.kgmu@gmail.com
PhD, Research Worker, Scientific Research Institute of Molecular Medicine and Pathobiochemistry, Assistant Professor, Department of Biochemistry with Courses of the Medical, Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Chemistry, Krasnoyarsk State Medical University named after prof. V.F. Voyno-Yasenetsky Address: 660022, Krasnoyarsk, Partizana Zheleznyaka St., 1; tel.: (391) 228-07-69 Россия

О. Л. Лопатина

Красноярский государственный медицинский университет им. проф. В.Ф. Войно-Ясенецкого, Российская Федерация

Email: ol.lopatina@gmail.com
PhD, Senior Lecturer, Department of Biochemistry with Courses of the Medical, Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Chemistry, Krasnoyarsk State Medical University named after prof. V.F. Voyno-Yasenetsky Address: 660022, Krasnoyarsk, Partizana Zheleznyaka St., 1; tel.: (391) 228-07-69 Россия

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