Post COVID Syndrome: the Classification of Clinical Forms

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Abstract

Background. After a coronavirus infection, a number of people have long-term health abnormalities, often requiring therapeutic intervention.

Aims — to describe the features of the course of the convalescence period in patients who have had a coronavirus infection caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus.

Methods. A special questionnaire was prepared for patients, which included questions to assess the course of the convalescence period in patients who had a coronavirus infection caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus. The survey was conducted electronically on the platform testograf.ru.

Results. The study involved 24,126 people aged 18 to 95 years. After the primary disease, 67.58% of respondents had complaints, and 66.1% had complaints after the second one. Asthenic syndrome, cognitive and memory disorders were most often recorded, as well as respiratory function disorders (cough, shortness of breath) and gastrointestinal tract functions (diarrhea, constipation, dyspepsia), olfactory and taste disorders, hair loss. Skin manifestations, decreased visual acuity, complaints of frequent acute respiratory infections, sleep disorders, prolonged subfebrility and others were rare. Among the group of patients who had an exacerbation of somatic pathology, the most significant were diseases of the cardiovascular system and musculoskeletal system. After a coronavirus infection in the form of pneumonia in the period of convalescence, respiratory disorders were significantly more often recorded, and in the gastrointestinal form, damage to the gastrointestinal tract.

Conclusions. the classification of clinical forms of postcovid syndrome includes four main blocks of clinical manifestations of the period of convalescence of coronavirus infection: virus-associated manifestations, iatrogenic, genetically determined, associated with somatic pathology.

 

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About the authors

Antonina A. Ploskireva

Central Research Institute of Epidemiology of the Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing; Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University (Pirogov Medical University)

Author for correspondence.
Email: antonina@ploskireva.com
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-3612-1889
SPIN-code: 1364-1257

MD, PhD, Professor of the RAS

Россия, Moscow; Moscow

Alexander V. Gorelov

Central Research Institute of Epidemiology of the Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing

Email: agorelov_05@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-9257-0171
SPIN-code: 3680-3186

MD, PhD, Professor, Academician of the RAS]

Россия, Moscow

Alexander N. Letyushev

Federal Service for Supervision of Consumer Rights Protection and Human Well-Being

Email: letiushev_an@rospotrebnadzor.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-4185-9829
SPIN-code: 7906-4825

MD, PhD

Россия, Moscow

Khadizhat G. Omarova

Central Research Institute of Epidemiology of the Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing

Email: omarova71@inbox.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-9682-2230
SPIN-code: 1819-3911

MD, PhD

Россия, Moscow

Anna D. Muzyka

Central Research Institute of Epidemiology of the Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing

Email: nikolitch-anna@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-2269-2533
SPIN-code: 3568-1057

MD, PhD

Россия, Moscow

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Supplementary files

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2. Fig. 1. Dynamics of the frequency of detection of clinically significant symptoms in the post-COVID period depending on the incidence of COVID-19 in the Russian Federation

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3. Fig. 2. Age characteristics of patients who showed deviations in their health in the post-COVID period: A - age structure of patients with clinical manifestations in the recovery period of coronavirus infection; B - the proportion of patients with clinical manifestations in the recovery period of coronavirus infection in the corresponding age groups

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4. Fig. 3. Structure of symptoms during the COVID-19 convalescence period, %

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5. Fig. 4. The structure of post-COVID symptoms in the recovery period of COVID-19 in the dynamics of the pandemic development

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6. Fig. 5. Structure of clinical manifestations during the COVID-19 convalescence period depending on the clinical form of coronavirus infection

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