Рotential Laboratory Markers of Vincristine-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy

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Abstract

New chemotherapy agents of haematological malignancies in children often lead to adverse drug reactions, including vincristine-induced peripheral neuropathy (VIPN). The incidence of this pathology ranges from 22 to 72%. The clinic and instrumental evaluation of children with VPN, including questionaries, scales, electrodiagnostic examinations, do not provide an opportunity for prognosis and early detection of chemotherapy-related neurologic complications. Consequently, identifying biomarkers associated with VIPN is urgently warranted that discussed in this review. PubMed and Scopus were browsed based on the keywords that allowed us to select 55 articles (4 systemic reviews, 14 scientific reviews, 37 original articles) between 2017 and 2021. Reports from the included studies clearly emphasize that vincristine-induced peripheral neuropathy is associated with changes in plasma and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels of the nerve growth factor (NGF) light chains of neurofilaments (NfL) and brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) that are biomarkers of axonal damage. However, none of them do have criterion validity — sensitivity and specificity. One of the most promising prognostic biomarkers is CХCL10 and CXCL12 that detect children with or without VIPN (sensitivity — 79%, specificity — 78%). The next task is finding an optimal profile of these cytokines. These cytokines together with axonal biomarkers can be used for the diagnosis and prevention of chemotherapy-induced neurotoxicity in children.

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About the authors

Olga P. Kovtun

Ural State Medical University

Email: usma@usma.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-5250-7351
SPIN-code: 9919-9048

MD, PhD, Professor, Academician of the RAS

Russian Federation, Yekaterinburg

Vladimir V. Bazarnyi

Ural State Medical University

Author for correspondence.
Email: vlad-bazarny@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-0966-9571
SPIN-code: 4813-8710

MD, PhD, Professor

Russian Federation, Yekaterinburg

Oksana V. Koryakina

Ural State Medical University

Email: koryakina09@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-4595-1024
SPIN-code: 4880-6913

MD, PhD, Associate Professor

Russian Federation, Yekaterinburg

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