The Prevalence of Sensitization Profiles to Various Allergens in Children in the Moscow Metropolitan Area

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Abstract

Background. In Russian scientific literature there is a limited amount of data on the prevalence of sensitization to various types of allergens in children. The determination of sensitization profiles is important for the formation of personalized measures for patients. Aim — to reveal the prevalence of sensitization profiles to allergen extracts and components in children with different variants of the atopic phenotype, taking into account regional characteristics. Methods. A cross-sectional study was conducted in 160 children from 0 months to 17 years 11 months with symptoms of allergic rhinitis, food allergy, atopic dermatitis, living in the Moscow metropolitan area. The sensitization to 9 extracts of allergens was analyzed in all children using the ImmunoCAP method, component resolved diagnostics was held with “Allergochip ISAC ImmunoCAP” in 143 patients. Results. sensitization to birch pollen was detected most often (68%), less often (52%) — to timothy grass, (48.1%) — to mugwort. Among food allergens, most often (55% each) children were sensitized to extracts of egg white, wheat flour, less often — cow’s milk (48%), Atlantic cod (15.6%). Analysis of molecular sensitization showed that most often patients were sensitized to Bet v 1 (64%), Aln g 1 (50.3%), Сor 1.0101 (48.3%), Fel d 1 (42.7%) cases. Sensitization to cat/dog allergen components was detected in 79.7% patients. Asymptomatic sensitization to cat allergens was observed in 35.8%, to dog — in 40% patients. More than half of the patients had sensitization to the PR-10 components. From 2 to 10% of patients had sensitization to LTP, most often to the Jug r 3 walnut component in 10.5% patients. Conclusion. The profiles of molecular sensitization in children with various variants of the atopic phenotype were clarified, the prevalence of sensitization to extracts and components of pollen, household, food and animal allergens, the incidence of true and asymptomatic sensitization were determined.

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About the authors

Julia G. Levina

Pediatrics and Child Health Research Institute in Petrovsky National Research Centre of Surgery; Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University

Author for correspondence.
Email: julia.levina@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-2460-7718
SPIN-code: 4626-2800

MD, PhD

 

Russian Federation, Moscow; Moscow

Vera G. Kalugina

Pediatrics and Child Health Research Institute in Petrovsky National Research Centre of Surgery; Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University

Email: v-starikova@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-3781-8661
SPIN-code: 7168-3817

MD, PhD

Russian Federation, Moscow; Moscow

Kamilla E. Efendieva

Pediatrics and Child Health Research Institute in Petrovsky National Research Centre of Surgery; Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University

Email: kamillaef@inbox.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-0317-2425
SPIN-code: 5773-3901

MD, PhD

Russian Federation, Moscow; Moscow

Anna A. Alekseeva

Pediatrics and Child Health Research Institute in Petrovsky National Research Centre of Surgery

Email: aleksaa06@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-5665-7835
SPIN-code: 7253-7970

MD, PhD

Russian Federation, Moscow

Konstantin S. Volkov

Pediatrics and Child Health Research Institute in Petrovsky National Research Centre of Surgery

Email: volkovks@rambler.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-5844-5075
SPIN-code: 5532-3774

MD, PhD

Russian Federation, Moscow

Elena A. Vishneva

Pediatrics and Child Health Research Institute in Petrovsky National Research Centre of Surgery; Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University

Email: vishneva.e@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-7398-0562
SPIN-code: 1109-2810

MD, PhD, Professor of the RAS

Russian Federation, Moscow; Moscow

Eduard T. Ambarchian

Pediatrics and Child Health Research Institute in Petrovsky National Research Centre of Surgery

Email: edo_amb@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-8232-8936
SPIN-code: 4878-5562

MD, PhD

Russian Federation, Moscow

Vladislav V. Ivanchikov

Pediatrics and Child Health Research Institute in Petrovsky National Research Centre of Surgery

Email: awdawd22@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-6760-3119
SPIN-code: 1078-5850

MD, Research Associate

Russian Federation, Moscow

Vilya A. Bulgakova

Pediatrics and Child Health Research Institute in Petrovsky National Research Centre of Surgery; Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University

Email: irvilbulgak@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-4861-0919
SPIN-code: 3055-0580

MD, PhD, Professor

Russian Federation, Moscow; Moscow

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Supplementary files

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2. Fig.1. Prevalence of sensitization of patients to various components of allergens according to the results of the ISAC ImmunoCAP Allergy Chip test (n = 143), %

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3. Fig.2. Profiles of sensitization of patients to various components of birch pollen allergens according to the results of the ISAC ImmunoCAP Allergy Chip (n = 143)

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4. Fig.3. The most common profiles of patient sensitization to various components of Timothy grass pollen allergens (n = 143)

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5. Fig.4. The most common profiles of patient sensitization to components of the allergens of wormwood and ragweed pollen (n = 143)

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6. Fig.5. Patient sensitization profiles to various components of pollen allergens (n = 101)

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7. Fig.6. Combination of allergy symptoms upon contact with animals in study participants (n = 160), %. Note. RCS - rhinoconjunctival syndrome.

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8. Fig.7. Sensitization profiles of patients to various components of cat allergens (n = 143)

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9. Fig.8. Sensitization profiles to various dog allergen components (n = 143)

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10. Fig.9. Prevalence of sensitization of patients to various components of food allergens according to the results of the ISAC ImmunoCAP Allergy Chip test (n = 143), %

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11. Fig. 10. Prevalence of sensitization to PR-10 group proteins in patients with hay fever (n = 83). Note. PA - food allergy.

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12. Fig. 11. Level of sensitization to PR-10 proteins in patients with hay fever with and without symptoms of cross food allergy, %. Note. PA - food allergy.

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13. Fig. 12. Prevalence of sensitization of patients to the main pollen and food allergy components (lipid transport proteins) depending on the level of sIgE concentration according to the results of the ISAC ImmunoCAP Allergy Chip test (n = 143), %

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