АУТОИММУННЫЕ РЕВМАТИЧЕСКИЕ ЗАБОЛЕВАНИЯ — ПРОБЛЕМЫ ИММУНОПАТОЛОГИИ И ПЕРСОНИФИЦИРОВАННОЙ ТЕРАПИИ

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Аннотация

По современным представлениям аутоиммунитет — это комплексный патологический процесс, в основе которого лежит нарушение толерантности и, как следствие, патологический иммунный ответ в отношении компонентов собственных тканей (аутоантигенов), приводящий к развитию широкого спектра аутоиммунных заболеваний человека. В последние годы были расшифрованы многообразные нарушения иммунитета, приобретенные и/или врожденные (связаны с полиморфизмом генов, регулирующих иммунный ответ), которые реализуются на клеточном и гуморальном уровне: тимус, кишечник, иммунные клетки периферической крови, включая Т и В лимфоциты, макрофаги, дендритные клетки, регуляторные Т клетки (Трег), компоненты системы комплемента, цитокины и другие. Установлена связь между развитием аутоиммунных ревматических (АРЗ) и аутовоспалительных заболеваний и синдромов, разработана классификация иммуновоспалительных заболеваний человека. В статье рассмотрены результаты собственных исследований, касающихся лечения АРЗ с использованием инновационных генно-инженерных биологических препаратов, изучения патогенетических механизмов и диагностики АРЗ на основе иммунологических и молекулярно-биологических методов исследования широкого спектра молекулярных и клеточных биомаркеров (аутоантитела, острофазовые белки воспаления, цитокины, хемокины, маркеры активации сосудистого эндотелия, компоненты системы комплемента, субпопуляции лимфоцитов, продукты метаболизма костной и хрящевой ткани, генетические, эпигенетические, транскриптомные маркеры). Также освещены подходы к персонифицированной терапии АРЗ.

 

 

Об авторах

Е. Л. Насонов

НИИР им. В.А. Насоновой, Москва, Российская Федерация

Автор, ответственный за переписку.
Email: sokrat@irramn.ru

академик РАН, доктор медицинских наук, профессор, директор НИИ ревматологии
им. В.А. Насоновой
Адрес: 115522, Москва, Каширское шоссе, д. 34 А, тел: +7 (499) 614-44-90

Россия

Е. Н. Александрова

НИИР им. В.А. Насоновой, Москва, Российская Федерация

Email: irramnlab@rambler.ru

доктор медицинских наук, заведующая лабораторией иммунологии и молекулярной
биологии ревматических заболеваний НИИ ревматологии им. В.А. Насоновой
Адрес: 115522, Москва, Каширское шоссе, д. 34 А, тел: +7 (499) 614-09-33

Россия

А. А. Новиков

НИИР им. В.А. Насоновой, Москва, Российская Федерация

Email: irramnlab@rambler.ru

кандидат биологических наук, ведущий научный сотрудник лаборатории иммуно-
логии и молекулярной биологии ревматических заболеваний НИИ ревматологии им. В.А. Насоновой
Адрес: 115522, Москва, Каширское шоссе, д. 34 А, тел: +7 (499)-614-09-33

Россия

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