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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Annals of the Russian academy of medical sciences</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Annals of the Russian academy of medical sciences</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Вестник Российской академии медицинских наук</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">0869-6047</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2414-3545</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">"Paediatrician" Publishers LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">928</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15690/vramn928</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PULMONOLOGY: CURRENT ISSUES</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>АКТУАЛЬНЫЕ ВОПРОСЫ ПУЛЬМОНОЛОГИИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject></subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Cytokine Profile and Expression of FYN, ZAP-70 and LAT During Concanavalin A Stimulation in Patients with Resistant Bronchial Asthma</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Исследование цитокинового профиля и экспрессии генов FYN, ZAP-70 и LAT при стимуляции конканавалином А у пациентов с терапевтически резистентной бронхиальной астмой</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5205-9739</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Petrov</surname><given-names>Vyacheslav A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Петров</surname><given-names>Вячеслав Алексеевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>2g bld.18, Moskovskiy trakt, 634001 Tomsk.</p><p>SPIN-код: 9635-2243</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Центральная научно-исследовательская лаборатория СибГМУ, младший научный сотрудник.</p><p>634001, Томск, ул. Московский тракт, д. 2 г, стр. 18.</p><p>SPIN-код <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://elibrary.ru/author_info.asp?isold=1">9635-2243</ext-link></p></bio><email>vyacheslav.a.petrov@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0457-5392</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Saltykova</surname><given-names>Irina V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Салтыкова</surname><given-names>Ирина Владимировна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tomsk.</p><p>SPIN-код: 9432-3873</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Центральная научно-исследовательская лаборатория СибГМУ, научный сотрудник.</p><p>Томск.</p><p>SPIN-код: 9432-3873</p></bio><email>ira.saltikova@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1659-8812</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Nevskaya</surname><given-names>Ksenia V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Невская</surname><given-names>Ксения Владимировна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tomsk.</p><p>SPIN-код: 1405-0472</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Центральная научно-исследовательская лаборатория СибГМУ, младший научный сотрудник.</p><p>Томск.</p><p>SPIN-код: 1405-0472</p><p> </p></bio><email>nevskayaksenia@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9301-4465</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Dorofeeva</surname><given-names>Julia B.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дорофеева</surname><given-names>Юлия Борисовна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tomsk.</p><p>SPIN-код: 9890-8870</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Центральная научно-исследовательская лаборатория СибГМУ, младший научный сотрудник.</p><p>Томск.</p><p>SPIN-код: 9890-8870</p></bio><email>julia.dorofeeva25@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8806-8231</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Lezhava</surname><given-names>Sofiya P.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лежава</surname><given-names>София Паатавна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tomsk.</p><p>SPIN-код: 9629-7318</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Центральная научно-исследовательская лаборатория СибГМУ, младший научный сотрудник.</p><p>Томск.</p><p>SPIN-код: 9629-7318</p></bio><email>lezhavasofiya@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9549-9614</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kirillova</surname><given-names>Natalya A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кириллова</surname><given-names>Наталья Александровна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tomsk.</p><p>SPIN-код: 8308-5833</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Доцент кафедры общей врачебной практики и поликлинической терапии СибГМУ.</p><p>Томск.</p><p>SPIN-код: 8308-5833</p></bio><email>kirillova.natalya@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0088-9204</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kulikov</surname><given-names>Evgeny S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Куликов</surname><given-names>Евгений Сергеевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD, Professor.</p><p>Tomsk.</p><p>SPIN-код: 9934-1476</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Доктор медицинских наук, профессор кафедры общей врачебной практики и поликлинической терапии СибГМУ.</p><p>Томск.</p><p>SPIN-код: 9934-1476</p><p> </p></bio><email>evgeny.s.kulikov@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8611-5770</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Sazonov</surname><given-names>Alexey E.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сазонов</surname><given-names>Алексей Эдуардович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tomsk.</p><p>SPIN-код: 6177-6729</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Главный научный сотрудник центральной научно-исследовательской лаборатории СибГМУ.</p><p> </p><p>Томск.</p><p> </p><p>SPIN-код: 6177-6729</p><p> </p></bio><email>sazonov_al@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2962-1076</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Ogorodova</surname><given-names>Ludmila M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Огородова</surname><given-names>Людмила Михайловна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD, Professor.</p><p>Tomsk.</p><p>SPIN-код: 4362-8431</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Доктор медицинских наук, профессор кафедры факультетской педиатрии с курсом детских болезней лечебного факультета СибГМУ, член-корреспондент РАМН.</p><p>Томск.</p><p>SPIN-код: 4362-8431</p><p> </p><p> </p></bio><email>lm-ogorodova@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Siberian State Medical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Сибирский государственный медицинский университет</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2018-11-20" publication-format="electronic"><day>20</day><month>11</month><year>2018</year></pub-date><volume>73</volume><issue>5</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>321</fpage><lpage>329</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2017-12-26"><day>26</day><month>12</month><year>2017</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2018-10-16"><day>16</day><month>10</month><year>2018</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2018, "Paediatrician" Publishers LLC</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2018, Издательство "Педиатръ"</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2018</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">"Paediatrician" Publishers LLC</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Издательство "Педиатръ"</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" start_date="2019-11-20"/></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vestnikramn.spr-journal.ru/jour/article/view/928">https://vestnikramn.spr-journal.ru/jour/article/view/928</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Background</bold>: Bronchial asthma (BA) is one of the most spreading chronic lung pathology in the world. The disease is characterized by high heterogeneity of clinical phenotypes including resistant forms which provoke significant clinical problem. Immune shift from Th2 to alternative immunological response is considered to be a mechanism of drug-resistance in BA treatment but this issue is not considerably studied yet. <bold>Aims</bold>: Detection of distinctive patterns in cytokine secretion and genetic expression (ZAP-70, FYN and LAT) of naïve and concanavalin A stimulated lymphocytes in patients with resistant BA. <bold>Materials and methods</bold>: The study enrolled ten patients in each group: subjects with treatment resistant BA, severe BA, and controls (30 in total). During the experiment, all patients with BA received treatment according to the condition. For each participant lymphocytes isolation from venous blood was performed. Cells were cultured with concanavalin A and without stimulation. Concentrations of cytokines IL-2, IL-12, TNF-α, IL-4, IL-5, and IL-6 in supernatants were measured with ELISA. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction was used to detect the mRNA expression of LAT, ZAP-70, and FYN genes. <bold>Results</bold>: Significant disease contribution to the lymphocyte secretion profile was established without concanavalin A stimulation: increased levels of IL-2 and IL-4 was observed in lymphocytes of patients with resistant BA if compared to the results of gorup with severe BA. Patients with resistant BA were characterized by weak cytokine response to the stimulation: only TNF-α and IL-5 levels were significantly increased whereas in group with severe BA all cytokines concentrations increased except IL-12, in controls — except IL-12 and IL-2. Significant FYN upregulation was identified in resistant BA group if compared with other groups, and in severe BA patients if compared with controls. The concanavalin A-stimulated cells showed increased expression of ZAP-70 in cells of patients with resistant BA compared to control group. <bold>Conclusions</bold>: Lymphocytes from patients with resistant BA are characterized by lack of cytokine response to concanavalin A stimulation, alteration of cytokine secretion, and genetic expression profile similar to cells with low sensitivity to apoptosis. The FYN gene is a perspective target for finding approaches to overcome resistance to steroid drugs in bronchial asthma.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Обоснование</bold>. Бронхиальная астма (БА) является одним из самых распространенных хронических бронхолегочных заболеваний. Это заболевание характеризуется полифенотипичностью и гетерогенностью течения: существуют фенотипы астмы, связанные с резистентностью к терапии, представляющие серьезную клиническую проблему. В качестве основного механизма развития лекарственной резистентности у больных на данный момент предполагается «переключение» иммунного ответа с Th2 на альтернативные варианты, однако причины этого недостаточно понятны. Согласно результатам исследований транскриптома, гены ZAP-70, FYN и LAT могут играть роль в развитии резистентности к лечению. <bold>Цель исследования</bold> ― выявление характерных паттернов изменения цитокиновой секреции и экспрессии генов (ZAP-70, FYN и LAT) интактных лимфоцитов и при стимуляции конканавалином А при терапевтической резистентности у больных БА. <bold>Методы</bold>. В исследование было включено по 10 пациентов с терапевтически резистентной БА и тяжелой БА, а также 10 здоровых человек контрольной группы. Все пациенты на момент забора образцов получали лечение по поводу БА. У каждого пациента проводили забор венозной крови и выделение клеток лимфоцитарной фракции, которые культивировали с конканавалином А и без него. После культивирования определяли концентрации цитокинов IL2, IL12, TNFα, IL4, IL5 и IL6 с помощью иммуноферментного анализа, а также экспрессию генов LAT, ZAP-70 и FYN методом полимеразной цепной реакции в режиме реального времени. <bold>Результаты</bold>. Установлена ассоциация заболевания и профиля секреции лимфоцитов без стимуляции конканавалином А. В клетках пациентов с резистентной БА повышалась концентрация IL2 и IL4 по сравнению с тяжелой БА. Лимфоциты пациентов с резистентной БА демонстрировали незначительный цитокиновый ответ на стимуляцию: отмечалось повышение продукции лишь IL5 и TNFα, тогда как в клетках пациентов с тяжелой БА повышалась продукция всех цитокинов за исключением IL12, в контрольной группе ― за исключением IL12 и IL2. Установлено повышение экспрессии FYN в лимфоцитах пациентов с резистентной БА вне зависимости от режима стимуляции по сравнению с пациентами с тяжелой БА и группой контроля и снижение экспрессии данного гена в контроле по сравнению с тяжелой БА. Также отмечалось повышение экспрессии ZAP-70 в клетках пациентов с резистентной БА по сравнению с контролем при стимуляции конканавалином А. <bold>Заключение</bold>. Лимфоцитарная фракция клеток пациентов с резистентной БА характеризуется слабым ответом на стимуляцию конканавалином А, измененным профилем цитокиновой секреции и генетической экспрессии, характерным для клеток с низкой чувствительностью к проапоптотическим стимулам. Ген FYN является перспективной мишенью для поиска подходов по преодолению резистентности к стероидным препаратам при БА.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>bronchial asthma</kwd><kwd>treatment resistance</kwd><kwd>FYN</kwd><kwd>ZAP</kwd><kwd>IL-4</kwd><kwd>IL-2</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>бронхиальная астма</kwd><kwd>терапевтическая резистентность</kwd><kwd>FYN</kwd><kwd>ZAP</kwd><kwd>IL4</kwd><kwd>IL2</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="en">RFBR (№ 16-34-00778)</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Российский фонд фундаментальных исследований (мол_а № 16-34-00778)</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>1.Lambrecht BN, Hammad H. The immunology of asthma. Nat Immunol. 2015;16(1):45−56. doi: 10.1038/ni.3049.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>1.Loddenkemper R, Gibson GJ, Sibille Y. 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