Annals of the Russian academy of medical sciencesAnnals of the Russian academy of medical sciencesВестник Российской академии медицинских наук0869-60472414-3545"Paediatrician" Publishers LLC7710.15690/vramn.v70i1.1237SHORT MESSAGESКРАТКИЕ СООБЩЕНИЯPROSTATE CANCER: PAPILLOMAVIRUSES AS A POSSIBLE CAUSEРАК ПРЕДСТАТЕЛЬНОЙ ЖЕЛЕЗЫ: ВОЗМОЖНАЯ РОЛЬ ПАПИЛЛОМАВИРУСОВ В ЕГО ВОЗНИКНОВЕНИИVolgarevaG. M.ВолгареваГ. М.
Russian Federation

доктор биологических наук, доцент, ведущий научный сотрудник лаборатории меха- низмов гибели опухолевых клеток РОНЦ им. Н.Н. Блохина

gmvolgareva@front.ruN.N. Blokhin Russian Cancer Research Center, Moscow, Russian FederationРоссийский онкологический научный центр им. Н.Н. Блохина, Москва, Российская Федерация28012015701Vestnik Rossiiskoi akademii medetsinskikh nauk / Annals of the Russian academy of medical sciencesВестник Российской академии медицинских наук9510007082015Copyright ©; 2015, "Paediatrician" Publishers LLCCopyright ©; 2015, Издательство "Педиатръ"2015"Paediatrician" Publishers LLCИздательство "Педиатръ"https://vestnikramn.spr-journal.ru/jour/about/submissionshttps://vestnikramn.spr-journal.ru/jour/article/view/77

Prostate cancer (PC) incidence and mortality are steadily increasing. Causation of PC is not clearly understood; in particular, role of human papillomaviruses (HPV) is still disputable. The review contains analysis of literature data on possible participation of HPV, powerful biological carcinogens, in PC genesis. PC incidence increase in persons with immunodeficiency indicates involvement of some infectious agent in the disease etiology. Several research groups communicated HPV DNA finding including that of oncogenic types in PC specimens (transrectal biopsies). There are limited data on the occurrence of oncogenic HPV 16 oncoprotein E7 in such specimens and on its unfavorable effect on disease prognosis. The successful attempt is known to transfect normal human prostate cells with oncogenic HPV DNA in vitro. Epidemiological data on associations of PC with HPV are controversial. It may result from the considered in the present review certain technical peculiarities of these studies. Сontrol for serum antibodies to HPV E6 and E7 oncoproteins recognized to indicate HPV-positive tumor growth in an organism has not been performed yet in PC patients. DNA of oncogenic HPV is rather commonly found in organs adjacent to prostate — urethra, rectum, urinary bladder. In the study held in Russia on a group of healthy men examined for sexually transmitted diseases genitourinary HPV infection was found in every second person; 42% of them harbored oncogenic HPV. Possible participation of oncogenic HPV in PC genesis deserves close attention and further study.

Заболеваемость раком предстательной железы (РПЖ) и смертность от него неуклонно возрастают. Этиология этой формы рака изучена недостаточно. Неясна, в частности, роль вирусов папиллом человека (ВПЧ). Обзор содержит анализ данных литературы о возможном участии ВПЧ, сильных биологических канцерогенов, в возникновении РПЖ. Рост заболеваемости РПЖ на фоне иммунодефицитов — это указание на причастность инфекционного агента к этиологии данного заболевания. Несколько исследовательских групп сообщали об обнаружении ДНК ВПЧ, в т.ч. онкогенных типов, в образцах РПЖ, полученных методом трансректальной биопсии. Имеются ограниченные данные о присутствии онкобелка Е7 онкогенного ВПЧ 16-го типа в клетках хирургически удаленного РПЖ и о его неблагоприятном влиянии на прогноз заболевания. Известна успешная попытка трансформации нормальных клеток предстательной железы человека с помощью ДНК ВПЧ высокого онкогенного риска in vitro. Эпидемиологические данные об ассоциациях РПЖ с ВПЧ противоречивы. Причиной могут быть рассмотренные в настоящем обзоре методические особенности этих работ. В то же время, проверку наличия в сыворотке крови антител к онкобелкам Е6 и Е7 ВПЧ, признанного индикатором развития в организме ВПЧ-положительной опухоли, у больных РПЖ до настоящего времени не проводили. ДНК онкогенных ВПЧ достаточно часто обнаруживают в соседних с предстательной железой органах — мочеиспускательном канале, прямой кишке, мочевом пузыре. Работа, проведенная в России на группе мужчин, проходивших обследование на заболевания, передаваемые половым путем, выявила ВПЧ-инфекцию в мочеполовой сфере у каждого второго здорового мужчины; у 42% из них были обнаружены онкогенные ВПЧ. В связи с этим возможность участия онкогенных ВПЧ в развитии РПЖ заслуживает пристального внимания и дальнейшего изучения.

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