Annals of the Russian academy of medical sciencesAnnals of the Russian academy of medical sciencesВестник Российской академии медицинских наук0869-60472414-3545"Paediatrician" Publishers LLC7310.15690/vramn.v70i1.1233MICROBIOLOGY: CURRENT ISSUESАКТУАЛЬНЫЕ ВОПРОСЫ МИКРОБИОЛОГИИPAST AND PRESENT OF STREPTOCOCCUS PYOGENES: SOME PATHOGENIC FACTORS AND THEIR GENETIC DETERMINATIONПРОШЛОЕ И НАСТОЯЩЕЕ STREPTOCOCCUS PYOGENES: НЕКОТОРЫЕ ФАКТОРЫ ПАТОГЕННОСТИ И ИХ ГЕНЕТИЧЕСКОЕ ДЕТЕРМИНИРОВАНИЕTotolyanA. A.ТотолянА. А.Russian Federation
доктор медицинских наук, академик РАН, главный научный сотрудник отдела молеку-лярной микробиологии НИИ экспериментальной медицины Адрес: 197376, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Академика Павлова, д. 12, тел.: +7 (812) 234-94-77
In this review two aspects dealt with Streptococcus pyogenes — one of the leading agent responsible for infectious diseases and another related to their complications in humans worldwide — are given. In the first part of the review the comparative evaluation of laboratory diagnostic approaches and methods used in the second half of the twentieth century and molecular technologies developed during last twenty years are described. In the second part the role of the main microbial pathogenic factors as well as the data on intra- and interspecies genetic exchange with extrachromosomal genetic elements and their influence on biological properties of the pathogen are discussed. Essential for today possibilities for molecular epidemiology of streptococcal pathology approaches must be introduces in diagnostic laboratories within the country.
В настоящем обзоре рассматриваются два аспекта, относящихся к Streptococcus pyogenes, — возбудителю распространенных инфекций человека и их осложнений. В первой части обсуждается вопрос о сравнительной информативности лабораторных диагностических подходов и методов второй половины прошлого века, а также методов (преимущественно молекулярно-генетических), разработанных за последние 20 лет. Во второй части оценивается роль ведущих микробных факторов в патогенности возбудителя и их участие в патогенезе заболеваний, а также приводятся современные данные о различных нехромосомных элементах во внутри- и межвидовом генетическом обмене и в формировании агрессивных свойств патогена. Существующие в настоящее время возможности для детальной характеристики штаммов стрептококка группы А являются базой современной молекулярной эпидемиологии и должны использоваться лабораторной службой страны.
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