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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Annals of the Russian academy of medical sciences</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Annals of the Russian academy of medical sciences</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Вестник Российской академии медицинских наук</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">0869-6047</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2414-3545</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">"Paediatrician" Publishers LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">7051</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15690/vramn7051</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>SURGERY: CURRENT ISSUES</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>АКТУАЛЬНЫЕ ВОПРОСЫ ХИРУРГИИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Gastrostomy: Evolution of Surgical Techniques</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Гастростомия: эволюция оперативной техники</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0498-6674</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">3820-2231</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Frolova</surname><given-names>Ekaterina V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Фролова</surname><given-names>Екатерина Владимировна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>врач-эндоскопист</p></bio><email>cherrykate@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7984-6559</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">5145-3493</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Samsonyan</surname><given-names>Edgar Kh.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Самсонян</surname><given-names>Эдгар Хажакович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD, Assistant Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат медицинских наук, доцент</p></bio><email>edgar_le4@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2575-1842</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Emelyanov</surname><given-names>Sergei I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Емельянов</surname><given-names>Сергей Иванович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD, Professor, Corresponding Member of the RAS</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор медицинских наук, профессор, член-корреспондент РАН</p></bio><email>prof-emelyanov@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0631-5487</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">9272-7713</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Bogdanov</surname><given-names>Dmitriy Yu.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Богданов</surname><given-names>Дмитрий Юрьевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p><bold> </bold>MD, PhD, Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор медицинских наук, профессор</p></bio><email>dbogdanov@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1779-6004</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">3504-6997</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Bashirov</surname><given-names>Ramil A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Баширов</surname><given-names>Рамиль Азер Оглы</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат медицинских наук</p></bio><email>beshirov@hotmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Московский государственный медико-стоматологический университет имени А.И. Евдокимова</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Centrosoyuz Hospital of Russian Federation</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Больница Центросоюза Российской Федерации</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2023-11-01" publication-format="electronic"><day>01</day><month>11</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>78</volume><issue>4</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>356</fpage><lpage>362</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2023-02-22"><day>22</day><month>02</month><year>2023</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2023-08-28"><day>28</day><month>08</month><year>2023</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2023, "Paediatrician" Publishers LLC</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2023, Издательство "Педиатръ"</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">"Paediatrician" Publishers LLC</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Издательство "Педиатръ"</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" start_date="2024-11-01"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://vestnikramn.spr-journal.ru/jour/about/submissions</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vestnikramn.spr-journal.ru/jour/article/view/7051">https://vestnikramn.spr-journal.ru/jour/article/view/7051</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Up to date data analysis of development and advance of gastrostomy surgical technique as well as its evolution are presented in details. Principal technical modalities of gastrostomy creation including laparotomy, miniinvasive laparoscopic approach, percutaneous endoscopic and percutaneous X-ray endoscopic gastrostomy are summarized alongside with their technical pitfalls and disadvantages. Clinical data of gastrostomy is imposed. Possible options of complications caused by technical drawbacks and functioning of gastrostomy are highlighted and described. Analysis of literature review allowed us make the conclusion of percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy to be the most perspective from the technical and clinical efficacy point of view.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>В статье представлен анализ доступных на сегодняшний день данных о развитии и совершенствовании оперативной техники гастростомии. Подробно изложена эволюция оперативной техники гастростомии, описаны основные технические варианты формирования гастростомы посредством: «открытого» лапаротомного оперативного доступа, малоинвазивного лапароскопического оперативного доступа, эндоскопического оперативного доступа (чрескожная пункционная эндоскопическая гастростомия) и посредством методики чрескожной рентгенологической пункционной гастростомии. Описаны основные недостатки и технические трудности наложения гастростомы при применении различных методик оперативной техники. Представлены данные литературы о клинических результатах наложения гастростом. Выделены и описаны варианты осложнений гастростомии, связанные как с техническими погрешностями в оперативной технике, так и непосредственно с функционированием самой гастростомы. В результате анализа литературных данных определено, что на сегодняшний день наиболее перспективной — технически и клинически эффективной — является оперативная техника и методика чрескожной пункционной эндоскопической гастростомии.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>gastrostomy</kwd><kwd>surgical technique</kwd><kwd>endoscopic gastrostomy</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>гастростома</kwd><kwd>оперативная техника</kwd><kwd>эндоскопическая гастростомия</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Lochs H, Dejong C, Hammarqvist F, et al. ESPEN Guidelines on Enteral Nutrition: Gastroenterology. Clin Nutr. 2006;25(2): 260–274. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clnu.2006.01.007</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>Павлов И.А., Шумкина Л.В., Шишин К.В., и др. Перкутанная гастростомия под эндоскопическим контролем. 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