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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Annals of the Russian academy of medical sciences</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Annals of the Russian academy of medical sciences</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Вестник Российской академии медицинских наук</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">0869-6047</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2414-3545</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">"Paediatrician" Publishers LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">655</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15690/vramn655</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ENDOCRINOLOGY: CURRENT ISSUES</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>АКТУАЛЬНЫЕ ВОПРОСЫ ЭНДОКРИНОЛОГИИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject></subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Obesity: Current Global and Russian Trends</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Проблема ожирения: современные тенденции в России и в мире</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Razina</surname><given-names>A. O.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Разина</surname><given-names>Анастасия Олеговна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, postgraduate student of the Department of Sports Medicine and Medical Rehabilitation</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Аспирант кафедры спортивной медицины и медицинской реабилитации. </p><p>Адрес: 119991, Москва, ул. Трубецкая, д. 8</p></bio><email>electrum_raz@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Runenko</surname><given-names>S. D.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Руненко</surname><given-names>Светлана Давидовна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD., Assistant Professor of Department of Sports Medicine and Medical Rehabilitation</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Kандидат медицинских наук, доцент кафедры спортивной медицины и медицинской реабилитации. </p><p>Адрес: 119991, Москва, ул. Трубецкая, д. 8</p></bio><email>svetfit@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Achkasov</surname><given-names>E. E.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ачкасов</surname><given-names>Евгений Евгеньевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Доктор медицинских наук, профессор, заведующий кафедрой спортивной медицины и медицинской реабилитации. </p><p>Адрес: 119991, Москва, ул. Трубецкая, д. 8</p></bio><email>2215.g23@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М.Сеченова</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2016-05-07" publication-format="electronic"><day>07</day><month>05</month><year>2016</year></pub-date><volume>71</volume><issue>2</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>154</fpage><lpage>159</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2016-04-05"><day>05</day><month>04</month><year>2016</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2016-04-22"><day>22</day><month>04</month><year>2016</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2016, "Paediatrician" Publishers LLC</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2016, Издательство "Педиатръ"</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2016</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">"Paediatrician" Publishers LLC</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Издательство "Педиатръ"</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" start_date="2017-05-07"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://vestnikramn.spr-journal.ru/jour/about/submissions</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vestnikramn.spr-journal.ru/jour/article/view/655">https://vestnikramn.spr-journal.ru/jour/article/view/655</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The review of literature presents the results of recent epidemiological studies in obese people in Russia and abroad taking into account gender, age, ethnic, social, and geographical factors. The increase of obesity prevalence among different population groups including children and adolescents was registered. The risks of health problems associated with overweight and obesity probably leading to disability and mortality were analyzed. It was shown that the energy imbalance played a key role in the etiopathogenesis of obesity among many other factors. This occurs as a consequence of discrepancy between energy consumption and energy discharge especially under the conditions of hypokinesia in all spheres of modern life. Particular attention was paid to the analysis of environmental factors, increasing urbanization, and socio-economic conditions of modern life. The fundamental importance of a multidisciplinary approach in the development of prevention and treatment and rehabilitation programs was accentuated. The attention was paid to the role of economic factors in the development of carbohydrate metabolism disorders. The important role of the goverment was shown in the development of health improvement programs including improvement of the environmental situation, change in anthropogenic environment due to physical activity. The preferred direction of comprehensive programs of prevention and treatment of obesity were defined including optimization of the motor regime, diet correction, increasing the motivation to healthy lifestyle, physical education and sports, as well as increasing the individual’s personal responsibility for their health.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Обзор литературы представляет результаты современных эпидемиологических исследований ожирения в России и за рубежом с уче- том гендерно-возрастных, этнических и социально-географических факторов. Показан рост распространенности ожирения среди различных категорий населения, включая детей и подростков. Проанализированы риски нарушения здоровья человека с возможной инвалидизацией и смертностью вследствие избыточной массы тела и ожирения. Среди многих факторов этиопатогенеза ожирения подчеркнута ведущая роль нарушения энергетического баланса вследствие несоответствия потребляемой с пищей и расходуемой энергии, что особенно актуально на фоне прогрессирующей гипокинезии во всех сферах жизни современного человека. Уделено внимание анализу экологических факторов, возрастающей урбанизации и социально-экономических условий жизни населения. Отмечена прин- ципиальная значимость мультидисциплинарного подхода в разработке профилактических и лечебно-реабилитационных программ. Охарактеризовано влияние экономического фактора в развитии нарушений углеводного обмена. Подчеркнута важная роль государства в разработке межотраслевых программ оздоровления населения, включающих мероприятия по улучшению экологической обстанов- ки, изменению антропогенной среды, связанной с двигательной активностью. Обозначены приоритетные направления комплексных программ профилактики и лечения ожирения, среди которых оптимизация двигательного режима, коррекция рациона питания, повышение мотивации населения к ведению здорового образа жизни, занятиям физкультурой и спортом, а также повышение личной ответственности человека за свое здоровье</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>obesity</kwd><kwd>overweight</kwd><kwd>etiology</kwd><kwd>prevalence</kwd><kwd>complications</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>ожирение</kwd><kwd>избыточный вес</kwd><kwd>этиология</kwd><kwd>распространенность</kwd><kwd>осложнения</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>1. Cherian AT, Cherian SS, Subbiah S. Prevalence of obesity and overweight in urban school children in Kerala, India. 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