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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Annals of the Russian academy of medical sciences</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Annals of the Russian academy of medical sciences</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Вестник Российской академии медицинских наук</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">0869-6047</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2414-3545</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">"Paediatrician" Publishers LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">573</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15690/vramn573</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ENDOCRINOLOGY: CURRENT ISSUES</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>АКТУАЛЬНЫЕ ВОПРОСЫ ЭНДОКРИНОЛОГИИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject></subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Neuropeptides, Cytokines and Thymus Peptides as Effectors of Interactions Between Thymus and Neuroendocrine System</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Нейропептиды, цитокины и тимические пептиды как эффекторы взаимодействия тимуса и нейроэндокринной системы</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Torkhovskaya</surname><given-names>Tat'yana Ivanovna</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Торховская</surname><given-names>Татьяна Ивановна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD,</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор биологических наук, ведущий научный сотрудник ФГБУН «Научно-исследовательский институт биомедицинской химии им. В.Н.Ореховича» РАН</p></bio><email>torti@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Belova</surname><given-names>Ol'ga Vladimirovna</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Белова</surname><given-names>Ольга Владимировна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор биологических наук, заведующая лабораторией молекулярной иммунологии и биохимии ФГБУН «Научно-исследовательский институт физико-химической медицины ФМБА»</p></bio><email>olgabelova49@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Zimina</surname><given-names>Irina Vasil'evna</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зимина</surname><given-names>Ирина Васильевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат биологических наук, старший научный сотрудник ФГБУН НИИ ФХМ ФМБА</p></bio><email>Yangicher@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kryuchkova</surname><given-names>Alina Viktorovna</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Крючкова</surname><given-names>Алина Викторовна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>младший научный сотрудник ФГБУН НИИ ФХМ ФМБА</p></bio><email>likkavolkhova@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Moskvina</surname><given-names>Svetlana Nikolaevna</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Москвина</surname><given-names>Светлана Николаевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат биологических наук, ведущий научный сотрудник ФГБУН НИИ ФХМ ФМБА</p></bio><email>kasya45@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Bystrova</surname><given-names>Ol'ga Vital'evna</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Быстрова</surname><given-names>Ольга Витальевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>ассистент кафедры педиатрии медицинского института РУДН</p></bio><email>bystrova110@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Arion</surname><given-names>Vitaliy Yakovlevich</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Арион</surname><given-names>Виталий Яковлевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор биологических наук, академик РАЕН, профессор, главный научный сотрудник ФГБУН НИИ ФХМ ФМБА</p></bio><email>VYaarion@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Sergienko</surname><given-names>Valeriy Ivanovich</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сергиенко</surname><given-names>Валерий Иванович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD, Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>заслуженный деятель науки РФ, академик РАН, доктор медицинских наук, профессор, директор ФГБУН НИИ ФХМ ФМБА</p></bio><email>olgabelova49@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Research Institute of Physico-Chemical Medicine</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБУН «Научно-исследовательский институт физико-химической медицины ФМБА»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">V.N. Orehovich Research Institute of Biomedical Chemistry</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБУН «Научно-исследовательский институт биомедицинской химии им. В.Н.Ореховича РАН»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Russian University of Peoples' Friendship</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГАОУ ВО «Российский университет дружбы народов»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2015-12-31" publication-format="electronic"><day>31</day><month>12</month><year>2015</year></pub-date><volume>70</volume><issue>6</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>727</fpage><lpage>733</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2015-12-09"><day>09</day><month>12</month><year>2015</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2015-12-09"><day>09</day><month>12</month><year>2015</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2015, "Paediatrician" Publishers LLC</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2015, Издательство "Педиатръ"</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2015</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">"Paediatrician" Publishers LLC</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Издательство "Педиатръ"</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" start_date="2017-01-27"/></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vestnikramn.spr-journal.ru/jour/article/view/573">https://vestnikramn.spr-journal.ru/jour/article/view/573</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The review presents data on mutual influence of nervous system and thymus, realized through the neuroendocrine-immune interactions. The presence of adrenergic and peptidergic nerves in thymus creates conditions for implementation of the effect of neuropeptides secreted by them. These neuropeptides induce activation of thymus cells receptors and influence on the main processes in thymus, including T-lymphocyte maturation, cytokine and hormones production. In turn, thymus peptides and/or cytokines, controlled by them, enter the brain and exert influence on neuronal function, which creates the basis for changes of behavior and homeostasis maintenance in response to infection. Ageing and some infectious, autoimmune, neurodegenerative and cancer diseases are accompanied by distortion of interactions between thymus and central nervous system. Mechanisms of signaling pathways, which determine these interactions, are not revealed yet, and their understanding will promote the development of effective therapeutic strategies.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p xml:lang="ru-RU">В обзоре приведены данные о взаимодействии нейроэндокринной системы и тимуса, осуществляемом через нейроэндокринно-иммунные адаптивные системы организма. Присутствие адренергических и пептидергических нервов в тимусе создает условия для воздействия продуцируемых ими нейропептидов. Последние активируют рецепторы на тимических клетках, влияя на основные процессы в тимусе, включая созревание Т лимфоцитов, продукцию цитокинов, гормонов и пептидов. В свою очередь, продуцируемые тимусом пептиды и/или контролируемые ими цитокины проникают в мозг, влияя на функции нейронов, что создает основу для поведенческих изменений и поддержания гомеостаза в ответ на инфекцию. При старении организма, а также ряде заболеваний — инфекционных, аутоиммунных, нейродегенеративных, онкологических — показаны нарушения взаимодействий процессов в тимусе и центральной нервной системе. Механизмы сигнальных реакций, определяющих эти взаимодействия, еще не ясны, и их понимание будет способствовать развитию комплексных эффективных терапевтических стратегий.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>thymus</kwd><kwd>thymus peptides</kwd><kwd>noradgrenergic nerve fibers</kwd><kwd>peptidergic nerve fibers</kwd><kwd>cognitive functions</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>тимус</kwd><kwd>тимические пептиды</kwd><kwd>норадренергические нервные волокна</kwd><kwd>пептидергические нервные волокна</kwd><kwd>когнитивные функции</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="en">Russian Foundation for Fundamental Research</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">РФФИ (№ 14-04-32087 мол_а).</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>1.	Thyagarajan S., Priyanka H.P. 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