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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Annals of the Russian academy of medical sciences</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Annals of the Russian academy of medical sciences</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Вестник Российской академии медицинских наук</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">0869-6047</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2414-3545</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">"Paediatrician" Publishers LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">560</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15690/vramn560</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CARDIOLOGY AND CARDIOVASCULAR SURGERY: CURRENT ISSUES</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>АКТУАЛЬНЫЕ ВОПРОСЫ КАРДИОЛОГИИ И СЕРДЕЧНО-СОСУДИСТОЙ ХИРУРГИИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject></subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Cellular Composition of Calcified Bioprosthetic Heart Valves</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Исследование клеточного состава кальцинированных биопротезов клапанов сердца</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Mukhamadiyarov</surname><given-names>Rinat Avkhadievich</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мухамадияров</surname><given-names>Ринат Авхадиевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат биологических наук, старший научный сотрудник лаборатории новых биоматериалов отдела клинической и экспериментальной кардиологии НИИ КПССЗ.</p></bio><email>rem57@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Rutkovskaya</surname><given-names>Natal'ya Vital'evna</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рутковская</surname><given-names>Наталья Витальевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат медицинских наук, старший научный сотрудник лаборатории кардиоваскулярного биопротезирования отдела клинической и экспериментальной кардиологии НИИ КПССЗ.</p></bio><email>wenys@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Sidorova</surname><given-names>Ol'ga Dmitrievna</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сидорова</surname><given-names>Ольга Дмитриевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD, Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат медицинских наук, заведующая кафедрой патологической анатомии Кемеровской государственной медицинской академии.</p></bio><email>goopy-777@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Barbarash</surname><given-names>Leonid Semenovich</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Барбараш</surname><given-names>Леонид Семёнович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD, Professor, Academician of Russian Academy of Sciences</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>академик РАН, главный научный сотрудник НИИ КПССЗ</p></bio><email>director@kemcardio.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases,</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБНУ НИИ Комплексных проблем сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Kemerovo State Medical Academy</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ГБОУ ВПО Кемеровская государственная медицинская академия Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБНУ НИИ Комплексных проблем сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2015-12-31" publication-format="electronic"><day>31</day><month>12</month><year>2015</year></pub-date><volume>70</volume><issue>6</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>662</fpage><lpage>668</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2015-12-04"><day>04</day><month>12</month><year>2015</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2015-12-04"><day>04</day><month>12</month><year>2015</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2015, "Paediatrician" Publishers LLC</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2015, Издательство "Педиатръ"</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2015</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">"Paediatrician" Publishers LLC</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Издательство "Педиатръ"</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" start_date="2017-01-27"/></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vestnikramn.spr-journal.ru/jour/article/view/560">https://vestnikramn.spr-journal.ru/jour/article/view/560</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>With the aim to assess the mechanisms of the structural dysfunctions associated with xenograft tissue calcification, we investigated the cellular composition of the explanted xenoaortic epoxy-treated bioprosthetic heart valves. In the leaflets, we revealed multiple cells with retained internal structure. Most of them located on the leaflet surface, at the areas of collagen destruction, and near calcium deposits. Monocytes were the predominant cell fraction on the leaflet surface whilst immune (macrophages, multinucleated giant cells, plasma cells, neutrophils) and connective tissue (fibroblasts, fibrocytes, endothelial, and smooth muscle cells) cells prevailed at the areas of collagen destruction and near calcium deposits. Calcification of the leaflets was accompanied by cellular infiltration, therefore suggesting that pathological mineralization may be associated with cell-mediated processes.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p xml:lang="ru-RU">С позиций оценки возможных механизмов развития структурных дисфункций, ассоциированных с кальцификацией ксеноткани, исследован клеточный состав эксплантированных эпоксиобработанных ксеноаортальных биопротезов клапанов сердца. В створках ксеноклапанов выявлены многочисленные и разнообразные клетки с хорошо сохранившейся внутренней структурой. Наибольшую их концентрацию определяли в трех зонах: на поверхности образцов, в толще ксеногенной ткани в местах разволокнения и деструкции коллагена, а также вблизи отложений кальция. На поверхности створок наблюдали преимущественно моноциты. Клетки, идентифицируемые в толще образца и вблизи кальциевых минерализатов, по морфологическим признакам были отнесены к двум популяциям: элементам иммунной системы (макрофаги, гигантские многоядерные клетки, плазматические клетки, нейтрофилоциты) и клеткам соединительной и мышечной ткани (фибробласты, фиброциты, эндотелиальные и гладкомышечные клетки). Показано, что развитие дегенеративных изменений створок биопротезов клапанов сердца, ассоциированных с кальцификацией, сопровождается инфильтрацией клеток в их структуру, что позволяет предположить наличие клеточноопосредованных процессов патологической минерализации.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>bioprosthetic heart valves</kwd><kwd>calcification</kwd><kwd>cellular infiltration</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>биопротезы клапанов сердца</kwd><kwd>кальцификация</kwd><kwd>клеточная инфильтрация</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>1.	Tillquist M, Maddox T. Cardiac crossroads: deciding between mechanical or bioprosthetic heart valve replacement. Patient Prefer. Adherence. 2011;5:91–99. doi: 10.2147/PPA.S16420</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>2.	Schoen FJ, Levy RJ. 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