Annals of the Russian academy of medical sciencesAnnals of the Russian academy of medical sciences0869-60472414-3545"Paediatrician" Publishers LLC26610.15690/vramn.v67i9.405THE FUNDAMENTS OF NEURONAL PLASTICITYSkrebitskiiV. G.skrebitsky@yahoo.comShtarkM. B.mark@soramn.ruResearch Center of Neurology Russian Academy of medical Science, Moscow
Institute of Molecular Biology and Biophysics Siberian Division of RAMS, Novosibirsk10092012679394407082015Copyright © 2012, "Paediatrician" Publishers LLC2012<p> <em>Plasticity of the nervous system is determined by the modification of efficacy of synaptic transmission: long- term potentiation and long- term depression. Different modern technical approaches such as: registration of ionic currents in single neuron, molecular- genetic analysis, neurovisualization, and others reveal the molecular mechanisms of synaptic plasticity. The understanding of these mechanisms, in its turn, stimulates the development of methods of pharmacological correction of different forms of brain pathology such as Alzheimer disease, parkinsonism, alcoholism, aging and others. </em></p><p> </p>Synaptic plasticityhippocamplong term potentiationearly genesprotein S-100BAlzheimar’s diseasealcoholismdonepezilnoopeptpatch- clamp methodionic currentsсинаптическая пластичностьгиппокампболезнь Альцгеймера[1. Kandel E.R., Schwartz J.H. and Jessell T.M. Principles of Neuronal Science. 2000, McGrow-Hill.][2. Bliss T.V. P., Lomo T. Long-lasting potentiation of synaptic transmission in the dentate area of the anaesthetized rabbit following stimulation of the perforant path. J Physiol. 1973; 232: 331–336.][3. Skrebitskii V.G. Neuroregulators influence on hippocampal synaptic activity. Uspekhi fiziologichekikh nauk = Achievements of physiological sciences. 1985; 4: 35-48.][4. Sokolova O.O., Shtark M.B., Lisachev P.D., Pustyl'nyak V.O., Epshtein O.I. Dynamics of early gene expression in long-term post-tetanic potentiation in the CA1 region of the hippocampus of rats. Byul. Eksp. Biol i med. = Bulletin of experimental biology and medicine. 2009; 147: 227–229.][5. Bramham C.R., Wells D.C. Dendritic mRNA: transport and function. Nature Publishing Group. 2007; 8: 776–789.][6. Lisachev P.D., Shtark М.B., Sokolova O.O., Pustylnyak V.O., Salakhutdinova M.Yu. and Epstein O.I.A Comparison of the Dynamics of S100B, S100A1, and S100A6 mRNA Expression in Hippocampal CA1 Area of Rats during Long-TermPotentiation and after Low-Frequency Stimulation. Cardiovascular Psychiatry and Neurology. 2010; Article ID 720958: 1–6.][7. Kapai N.A., Bukanova Yu. V.Solntseva E.I., Skrebitsky V.G. Donepezil in a narrow concentration range augments control and impaired by beta-amiloid peptide hippocampal LTP in NMDA- independent manner. Cell. Molec. Neurobiol. 2012; 32: 219–226.][8. Gudasheva T.A., Ostrovskaya R.U., Trofimov S.S. et al. Peptide analogs of piracetam suspected nootropic ligands as receptors. Khim. Farm. Zhurn. = Chemical and pharmaceutical journal. 1985; 11: 1322–1328.][9. Kapai N.A, Chepkova A.N., GudashevaT.A. et al. Piroglyutamilasparagina amide normalizes development long-term potentiation in rat hippocampal slices. Byul. Eksp. Biol i med. = Bulletin of experimental biology and medicine. 2004; 8: 176–179.][10. Kondratenko R.V., Derevyagin V.I., Skrebitsky V.G., Novel nootropic dipeptide Noopept increases inhibitory synaptic transmission in CA1 pyramidal cells. Neuroscience Letters. 2010; 476: 70–73.]