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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Annals of the Russian academy of medical sciences</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Annals of the Russian academy of medical sciences</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Вестник Российской академии медицинских наук</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">0869-6047</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2414-3545</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">"Paediatrician" Publishers LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">240</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15690/vramn.v67i11.465</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PHTHISIOLOGY: CURRENT ISSUES</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>АКТУАЛЬНЫЕ ВОПРОСЫ ФТИЗИАТРИИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject></subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">CHEMOTHERAPY OF TUBERCULOSIS: PROBLEMS AND PERSPECTIVES</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>ХИМИОТЕРАПИЯ ТУБЕРКУЛЕЗА: ПРОБЛЕМЫ И ПЕРСПЕКТИВЫ</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Vasil’eva</surname><given-names>I. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Васильева</surname><given-names>И. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор медицинских наук, профессор, руководитель отдела фтизиатрии ФГБУ «Центральный научно-исследовательский институт туберкулеза» РАМН Адрес: 107564, Москва, Яузская аллея, д. 2 Тел./факс: (499) 748-30-26</p></bio><email>vasil39@list.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Samoilova</surname><given-names>A. G.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Самойлова</surname><given-names>А. Г.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат медицинских наук, старший научный сотрудник отдела фтизиатрии ФГБУ «Центральный научно-исследовательский институт туберкулеза» РАМН Адрес: 107564, Москва, Яузская аллея, д. 2 Тел.: (499) 785-90-52</p></bio><email>a.samoilova.ctri@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Ergeshov</surname><given-names>A. E.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Эргешов</surname><given-names>А. Э.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор медицинских наук, профессор, заместитель директора по научной и лечебной работе ФГБУ «Центральный научно-исследовательский институт туберкулеза» РАМН Адрес: 107564, Москва, Яузская аллея, д. 2 Тел.: (499) 785-90-60</p></bio><email>cniit@cniitramn.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Bagdasaryan</surname><given-names>T. R.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Багдасарян</surname><given-names>Т. Р.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат медицинских наук, заведующая терапевтическим отделением ФГБУ «Центральный научно-исследовательский институт туберкулеза» РАМН Адрес: 107564, Москва, Яузская аллея, д. 2 Тел.: (499) 785-90-52</p></bio><email>norair04@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Chernousova</surname><given-names>L. N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Черноусова</surname><given-names>Л. Н.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор биологических наук, профессор, руководитель отдела микробиологии ФГБУ «Центральный научно-исследовательский институт туберкулеза» РАМН Адрес: 107564, Москва, Яузская аллея, д. 2 Тел.: (499) 748-30-15</p></bio><email>lchernousova@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Central Tuberculosis Research Institute of RAMS, Moscow, the Russian Federation</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Центральный научно-исследовательский институт туберкулеза РАМН, Москва, Российская Федерация</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2012-11-10" publication-format="electronic"><day>10</day><month>11</month><year>2012</year></pub-date><volume>67</volume><issue>11</issue><issue-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник Российской академии медицинских наук</issue-title><fpage>9</fpage><lpage>14</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2015-08-07"><day>07</day><month>08</month><year>2015</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2012, "Paediatrician" Publishers LLC</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2012, Издательство "Педиатръ"</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2012</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">"Paediatrician" Publishers LLC</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Издательство "Педиатръ"</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://vestnikramn.spr-journal.ru/jour/about/submissions</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vestnikramn.spr-journal.ru/jour/article/view/240">https://vestnikramn.spr-journal.ru/jour/article/view/240</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><italic>Challenges of tuberculosis chemotherapy under conditions of high drug resistant (DR) tuberculosis burden are discussed. Ultimate results of treatment by standard regimens of 1658 patients with new tuberculosis cases and relapses were analyzed. Favorable ultimate results were observed among both patients with new tuberculosis cases and relapses having drugs sensitivity. Efficacy of tuberculosis treatment by standard regimens of chemotherapy is decreasing as a result of DR amplification. Risk factors of unfavorable ultimate result among pulmonary tuberculosis patients are primary resistance to isoniazid (OR =2,1) and multiple drug resistance of M. tuberculosis (OR =8,0). Earlier onset of treatment and correct individual therapy with second line drugs as a result of rapid methods of DR tuberculosis diagnostics are those approaches which provide the best therapeutic effect among multiple drug resistant tuberculosis patients both in culture conversion (97,7%) and cavity closure rate (82,7%).</italic></p><p> </p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><italic>В статье обсуждаются вопросы химиотерапии туберкулеза в условиях высокого распространения лекарственно устойчивых форм заболевания. Изучены отдаленные результаты лечения стандартными режимами терапии у больных 1658 с впервые выявленным туберкулезом легких и у пациентов с рецидивом заболевания</italic><italic>.</italic><italic> Установлено, что благоприятный отдаленный результат отмечается при сохранении чувствительности возбудителя к противотуберкулезным препаратам как у больных с впервые выявленным туберкулезом, так и у пациентов с рецидивами. По мере нарастания лекарственной устойчивости возбудителя эффективность лечения стандартной терапии снижается. К факторам риска неблагоприятного отдаленного результата у больных туберкулезом легких относят исходную устойчивость к изониазиду и множественную лекарственную устойчивость возбудителя. Подходами, обеспечивающими высокий терапевтический эффект у больных туберкулезом с множественной лекарственной устойчивостью возбудителя как по прекращению бактериовыделения (97,7%), так и по заживлению деструктивных изменений в легких (82,7%), являются своевременное начало лечения и правильный подбор индивидуализированной терапии препаратами резервного ряда по результатам ускоренных молекулярно-генетических методов определения лекарственной устойчивости возбудителя.</italic></p><p> </p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>tuberculosis</kwd><kwd>multi-drug resistance</kwd><kwd>treatment</kwd><kwd>regimens of chemotherapy</kwd><kwd>molecular-genetic methods of DR diagnostics</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>туберкулез</kwd><kwd>режимы химиотерапии</kwd><kwd>эффективность</kwd><kwd>множественная лекарственная устойчивость</kwd><kwd>молекулярно-генетические методы диагностики</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>1.	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