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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Annals of the Russian academy of medical sciences</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Annals of the Russian academy of medical sciences</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Вестник Российской академии медицинских наук</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">0869-6047</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2414-3545</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">"Paediatrician" Publishers LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">2041</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15690/vramn2041</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>STOMATOLOGY: CURRENT ISSUES</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>АКТУАЛЬНЫЕ ВОПРОСЫ СТОМАТОЛОГИИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Significance of Tissue Inhibitors of Matrix Metalloproteinases Expression in Pathogenesis and Differential Diagnosis of Periodontal Pathology</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Роль экспрессии тканевых ингибиторов матриксных металлопротеиназ в патогенезе и дифференциальной диагностике патологии пародонта</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0821-0366</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">7607-7910</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kazeko</surname><given-names>Ludmila A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Казеко</surname><given-names>Людмила Анатольевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="BY">Belarus</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD, Associate Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.м.н., доцент</p></bio><email>1kaf.terstom@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2050-9800</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">6638-7980</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Zakharava</surname><given-names>Viktoryia A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Захарова</surname><given-names>Виктория Алексеевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="BY">Belarus</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD, Associate Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.м.н., доцент</p></bio><email>zakharava.vikt@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3207-9203</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">8744-8970</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Benesh</surname><given-names>Julia D.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бенеш</surname><given-names>Юлия Дмитриевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="BY">Belarus</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>assistant</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>ассистент</p></bio><email>julia.benesh@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2554-1431</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">1350-0976</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Cherstvoy</surname><given-names>Eugeny D.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Черствый</surname><given-names>Евгений Давыдович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="BY">Belarus</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD, Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., профессор</p></bio><email>patanat@bsmu.by</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Belarusian State Medical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Белорусский государственный медицинский университет</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">N.N. Alexandrov National Cancer Centre of Belarus</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Республиканский научно-практический центр онкологии и медицинской радиологии им. Н.Н. Александрова</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2023-07-03" publication-format="electronic"><day>03</day><month>07</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>78</volume><issue>3</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>213</fpage><lpage>226</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2022-03-05"><day>05</day><month>03</month><year>2022</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2023-04-16"><day>16</day><month>04</month><year>2023</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2023, "Paediatrician" Publishers LLC</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2023, Издательство "Педиатръ"</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">"Paediatrician" Publishers LLC</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Издательство "Педиатръ"</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" start_date="2024-07-03"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://vestnikramn.spr-journal.ru/jour/about/submissions</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vestnikramn.spr-journal.ru/jour/article/view/2041">https://vestnikramn.spr-journal.ru/jour/article/view/2041</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold><italic>Background. </italic></bold><italic>The balance of metalloproteinases (MMPs) and their tissue inhibitors (TIMPs) is crucial for the manifestation and progression of periodontal diseases and is one of the promising areas of scientific research in terms of developing methods for selective inhibition of MMPs. <bold>Aims</bold> — to determine the significance of TIMP1 and TIMP2 expression parameters in gingival biopsies to identify the type of periodontitis at the stage of disease manifestation. <bold>Methods.</bold> A prospective study with parallel inclusion of patients with different forms of periodontitis in the compared groups was performed. The object of this study were patients with various forms of periodontitis. Pathological examination with morphometric analysis of TIMPs expression and subsequent statistical data analysis was performed using AperioImageScope v12.4.0.5043, Statistica 10.0, MedCalc19.6. <bold>Results.</bold> The study included 67 patients with aggressive (AgP, Grade C, n = 19), chronic simplex (CSP, Grade В, n = 10) and chronic complex (CCP, in the presence of occlusal trauma, Grade В, n = 38) periodontitis and 15 conditionally healthy patients (control group). The expression of TIMP1 and TIMP2 was detected with variable intensity both in the epithelium and in the stroma of the gingiva, and was significantly higher in periodontitis groups compared with the control group (Me</italic><italic><sub>TIMP1/2 </sub></italic><italic>= 32%/70%). Parameters of TIMP1 and TIMP2 expression had no significant differences in the groups with AgP (Me</italic><italic><sub>TIMP1/2 </sub></italic><italic>= 84%/98%) and CCP (Me</italic><italic><sub>TIMP1/2 </sub></italic><italic>= 83%/94%), except for higher parameters of the positivity of epithelial expression of TIMP2 (U = 61 372; p &lt; 0.05) and lower levels of intensity of its expression in AgP (Me</italic><italic><sub>AgP/CCP</sub></italic><italic>=180/171; U = 56 491; p &lt; 0.001). Correlation analysis revealed an inverse relationship of TIMPs expression parameters with those MMPs, including those most significant for the development of AgP — MMP1 (ρ = –0.40), MMP8 (ρ = –0.34), and MMP14 (ρ = –0.24). ROC analysis established acceptable informativeness of all studied parameters of total expression and positivity of epithelial expression of TIMP1, as well as positivity of total expression and intensity of epithelial expression of TIMP2 to distinguish between aggressive and chronic forms of periodontitis at the stage of disease manifestation. <bold>Conclusion. </bold>Our results show an increase in the expression of TIMP1 and TIMP2 in various forms of periodontitis and an inverse relationship with the MMPs inhibited by them. This complements both the fundamental knowledge of the development and progression of periodontal pathology and may have applied significance in terms of using the studied TIMP1 and TIMP2 expression criteria to establish the aggressive course of periodontitis already at the stage of disease manifestation, which will allow to individualize treatment, prevent or slow down tooth loss in order to preserve and/or improve the quality of life of this patient group.</italic></p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold><italic>Обоснование. </italic></bold><italic>Баланс металлопротеиназ (MMPs) и их тканевых ингибиторов (TIMPs) имеет решающее значение для манифестации и прогрессирования заболеваний пародонта и является одним из перспективных направлений научных исследований в части разработки способов селективного ингибирования ММРs. <bold>Цель исследования</bold> — установить значение параметров экспрессии TIMP1 и TIMP2 в биопсийном материале десны для определения характера течения пародонтита на этапе манифестации заболевания. <bold>Методы.</bold> Проведено проспективное исследование с параллельным включением пациентов с различными формами пародонтита в сравниваемые группы. Патоморфологическое исследование с морфометрическим анализом экспрессии TIMPs и последующим статистическим анализом данных выполнено с использованием AperioImageScope v. 12.4.0.5043, Statistica 10.0, MedCalc 19.6. <bold>Результаты.</bold> В исследование включено 67 пациентов с быстропрогрессирующим (БПП, агрессивный, грейд С, n = 19), хроническим простым (ХПП, грейд В, n = 10), хроническим сложным (ХСП при наличии окклюзионной травмы, грейд В, n = 38) пародонтитом и 15 условно здоровых пациентов (группа сравнения). Экспрессия TIMP1 и TIMP2 выявлялась с вариабельной позитивностью и интенсивностью как в эпителии, так и в строме десны и значимо превышала в различных группах пародонтитов таковую группы сравнения (Ме</italic><italic><sub>TIMP</sub></italic><italic><sub>1/2 </sub></italic><italic>= 32%/70%), р &lt; 0,05. Параметры экспрессии TIMP1 и TIMP2 не имели значимых различий в группах с БПП (Ме</italic><italic><sub>TIMP</sub></italic><italic><sub>1/2 </sub></italic><italic>= 84%/98%) и ХСП (Ме</italic><italic><sub>TIMP</sub></italic><italic><sub>1/2 </sub></italic><italic>= 83%/94%), за исключением более высокой позитивности эпителиальной экспрессии TIMP2 (</italic><italic>U</italic> <italic>= 61 372; р &lt; 0,05) и более низкой интенсивности его экспрессии при БПП (Ме</italic><italic><sub>БПП/ХСП </sub></italic><italic>= 180/171; U = 56 491; р &lt; 0,001). Корреляционный анализ выявил обратную взаимосвязь параметров экспрессии TIMPs с таковыми MMPs, в том числе с наиболее значимыми для развития БПП ММР1 (ρ = –0,40), ММР8 (ρ = –0,34) и ММР14 (ρ = –0,24). ROC-анализ подтвердил приемлемую информативность всех изученных параметров общей экспрессии и позитивности эпителиальной экспрессии TIMP1, а также позитивности общей экспрессии и интенсивности эпителиальной экспрессии TIMP2 для дифференциальной диагностики быстро и медленно прогрессирующих форм пародонтита на стадии манифестации заболевания. <bold>Заключение. </bold>Полученные нами результаты показывают повышение экспрессии TIMP1 и TIMP2 при различных формах пародонтита и обратную взаимосвязь с ингибируемыми ими ММР</italic><italic>s</italic><italic>. Это дополняет фундаментальные знания о развитии и прогрессировании патологии пародонта и может обладать прикладным значением в части использования изученных критериев экспрессии TIMP1 и TIMP2 для установления быстро прогрессирующего характера течения пародонтита уже на стадии манифестации заболевания, что позволит индивидуализировать лечение, предупредить или замедлить потерю зубов с целью сохранения и/или улучшения качества жизни данной группы пациентов.</italic></p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>periodontitis</kwd><kwd>tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases</kwd><kwd>immunohistochemistry</kwd><kwd>gingival biopsies</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>пародонтит</kwd><kwd>тканевой ингибитор матриксной металлопротеиназы</kwd><kwd>иммуногистохимия</kwd><kwd>биопсия десны</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><award-group><funding-source><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено в рамках проекта «Разработать и внедрить метод диагностики быстропрогрессирующего периодонтита, основанный на определении в тканях периодонта матриксных металлопротеиназ»</institution></institution-wrap><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="en">Project</institution></institution-wrap></funding-source><award-id>2018–2020 № ГР 20180436</award-id></award-group></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Tatakis D, Kumar P. 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