Annals of the Russian academy of medical sciencesAnnals of the Russian academy of medical sciencesВестник Российской академии медицинских наук0869-60472414-3545"Paediatrician" Publishers LLC1816010.15690/vramn18160ONCOLOGY: CURRENT ISSUESАКТУАЛЬНЫЕ ВОПРОСЫ ОНКОЛОГИИReview ArticlePersonalised radiation therapy of cervical cancerПерсонифицированная радиотерапия рака шейки маткиhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-2630-49613331-9121Salim (Islim)NidalСалим (Ислим)Нидаль
Russian Federation

MD, PhD

к.м.н.

salnidal@yahoo.comhttps://orcid.org/0009-0000-4961-48106795-9072StolbovoyAlexander V.СтолбовойАлександр Викторович
Russian Federation

MD, PhD, Assistant Professor

д.м.н., доцент

lefortovo@hotmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-6909-85581975-4356LoykoIlya E.ЛойкоИлья Евгеньевич
Russian Federation
iloyko@emsmos.ruhttps://orcid.org/0009-0009-8357-80111165-8800ZverevaDarya P.ЗвереваДарья Павловна
Russian Federation
dzvereva@emcmcos.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-0008-94699802-0579TumanovaKristina O.ТумановаКристина Олеговна
Russian Federation
ktumanova@emcmos.ruEuropean Medical CenterЕвропейский медицинский центрRussian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional EducationРоссийская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования190620268121161260912202526032026Copyright ©; 2026, "Paediatrician" Publishers LLCCopyright ©; 2026, Издательство "Педиатръ"2026"Paediatrician" Publishers LLCИздательство "Педиатръ"https://vestnikramn.spr-journal.ru/jour/about/submissionshttps://vestnikramn.spr-journal.ru/jour/article/view/18160

The article deals certain necessity and contemporary possibility of method of radiotherapy (RT) component in the treatment of cervical cancer (CC) which is alternative to traditional recommendations. RT of CC accordingly to main manuals begins from external beam irradiation (EBRT) and next intracavitary/interstitial brachytherapy (BT). We see this program stand stock-still during a century, despite it not rarely possible to realize oncologic problems in the care of patients. The article contains historic analysis and arguments, that advanced contemporary EBRT may be successful alternative treatment in definite part of the patients. Traditional approach doesn’t disclaim, but here are consider the situations in the article, where new personalized care is more justify. The information was searched using our key words in the bases Rosoncoweb and PubMed, in which articles selected as possible as no more five-years old, but the earliest classic publications also used. There was done retrospective search of the information according our topic from our days to the origin of treatment method of CC in the articles else. We studied Russian and international documents about methods of RT in CC. Before to send the article in the journal we searched publications according to our theme in leading Russian and foreign radiotherapy and oncology journals.

В статье в историческом аспекте рассматривается необходимость и доказывается современная возможность методики радиотерапии больных раком шейки матки (РМШ), альтернативной классическим рекомендациям. Показано, что застывшее на протяжении десятилетий утверждение о сочетанном облучении (сначала дистанционное, затем брахитерапия) на практике не всегда способно соответствовать онкологическим задачам в ведении пациенток. В статье содержится анализ и доказательства того, что современная передовая дистанционная лучевая терапия может быть успешной альтернативой традиционному лечению у определенной части больных. Традиционный подход не отрицается, но рассматриваются ситуации, в которых новое персонифицированное лечение более оправдано. Поиск информации проводился по перечисленным ниже ключевым словам в информационных базах Rosoncoweb и PubMed, в которых отбирались материалы по возможности не более пятилетней давности, но ранние классические работы тоже использованы. Сделан также ретроспективный поиск информации по теме от наших дней до истоков радиотерапии РШМ, изучены отечественные и международные методические документы по теме, перед подачей статьи в редакцию изучены публикации по теме за последние два года в ведущих отечественных и зарубежных журналах по радиотерапии и онкогинекологии.

Cervical cancerradiotherapybrachytherapyguidelinesstandardsadaptive irradiationImage-guided adaptive external beam radiation therapy (IGAEBRT)personalized treatmentрак шейки маткирадиотерапиябрахитерапиярекомендациистандартыадаптивное облучениеImage guided adaptive external beam radiation therapy (IGAEBRT)персонифицированное лечениеРак шейки матки. Клинические рекомендации. Минздрав России. ID: 537_3 // Рубрикатор клинических рекомендаций. М., 2025. Available from: https://cr.minzdrav.gov.ru/preview-cr/537_3 (accessed: 21.04.2025).National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) Guidelines v.4.2025 NCCN Guidelines Version 4.2025 Cervical Cancer // NCCN Guidelines Version 4.2025 Cervical Cancer. Available from: www.nccn.org/professionals/physician_gls/pdf/cervical.pdf (accessed: 21.04.2025).Cibula D., Pötter R., Planchamp F., et al. The European Society of Gynaecological Oncology/European Society for Radiotherapy and Oncology/European Society of Pathology Guidelines for the Management of Patients with Cervical Cancer. Virchows Arch. 2018;472(6):919–936. doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00428-018-2362-9Бойко А.В., Демидова Л.В., Дунаева Е.А., и др. Рак шейки матки // Стандарты лучевой терапии / под ред. А.Д. Каприна, А.А. Костина, Е.В. Хмелевского. — М.: ГЭОТАР-Медиа, 2019. — С. 221–227. [Bojko AV, Demidova LV, Dunaeva EA, i dr. Rak shejki matki // Standarty luchevoj terapii / pod red. A.D. Kaprina, A.A. Kostina, E.V. Hmelevskogo. Moscow: GEOTAR-Media; 2019. S. 221–227. (In Russ.)]Viswanathan A, Kiristis C, Erickson B, et al. (eds) Gynecologic radiation therapy: Novel approaches to image-guidance and managment. Springer, Heidellberg; 2011. Р. 119–130.Viswanathan A, Kirisits C, Beth E, et al. (еds) Gynecologic Radiation Therapy. Novel Approaches to Image-Guidance and Management. Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg; 2011. 308 p.Viswanathan A. Uterine cervix // Halperin E, Wazer D, Perez C, et al. (eds) Perez and Brady’s principles and practice of radiation oncology. 7th ed. Philadelphia: Wolters Kluwer; 2018. P. 1651–1739.Damast S, Fields E, Kidd E, et al. Reports From Four International Clinical Trials for Cancers of the Cervix, Uterus and Vulva, and a New Guideline for Cervical Cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2021;111(2):299–306. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrobp.2021.05.002Olawaiye AB, Baker TP, Washington MK, et al. The new (Version 9) American Joint Committee on Cancer tumor, node, metastasis staging for cervical cancer. CA Cancer J Clin. 2021;71(4):287–298. doi: https://doi.org/10.3322/caac.21663Bhatla N, Aoki D, Sharma DN, et al. Cancer of the cervix uteri: 2021 update. Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 2021;155(Suppl 1):28–44. doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/ijgo.13865Benedetti-Panici P, Greggi S, Colombo А, et al. Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy and Radical Surgery Versus Exclusive Radiotherapy in Locally Advanced Squamous Cell Cervical Cancer: Results From the Italian Multicenter Randomized Study. J Clin Oncol. 2002;20(1):179–188. doi: https://doi.org/10.1200/jco.2002.20.1.179Jemal A, Ward EM, Johnson CJ, et al. Annual Report to the Nation on the Status of Cancer, 1975-2014, Featuring Survival. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2017;109(9):djx030. doi: https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/djx030Состояние онкологической помощи населению России в 2022 году / под ред. А.Д. Каприна, В.В. Старинского, А.О. Шахзадовой. — М.: МНИОИ им. А.П. Герцена, 2023. — С. 31. [Sostoyanie onkologicheskoj pomoshchi naseleniyu Rossii v 2022 godu / pod red. AD Kaprina, VV Starinskogo, AO Shahzadovoj. Moscow: MNIOI im. A.P. Gercena; 2023. S. 31. (In Russ.)]Landoni F, Maneo A, Colombo A, et al. Randomised stady of radical surgery versus radiotherapy for stage Ib–IIa cervical cancer. Lancet. 1997;350(9077):535–540. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(97)02250-2Cengiz M, Gurdalli S, Genc M, et al. Comment on “Correlation between the treated volume, the GTV and the CTV at the time of brachytherapy and histopathologic finding in 33 patients with operable cervix carcinoma”. Radiother Oncol. 2005;75(3):367–368. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.radonc.2005.03.018Cengiz M, Gurdalli S, Selek U, et al. Effect of bladder distension on dose distribution of intracavitary brachytherapy for cervical cancer: tree-dimentional computed tomography plan evaluation. Int J Rad Oncol Boil Phys. 2008;70(2):464–468. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrobp.2007.06.048Acta Unio Internationalis contra Cancrum. 1939. Vol. IV. No. 1-2. Numero consacre a la Semaine Internationale contre le Cancer et a le Reunion Internationale pour la Commemoration de la Decouverte de Radium, des Electrons, des Rayons-X et des Ondes Hertziennes, Hermann & Cie, Paris.Kottmeier HL. Modern trends in the treatment of cancer of the cervix. Acta Radiol Suppl. 1954;116:405–414. doi: https://doi.org/10.3109/00016925409177214Baclesse F. Roentgen therapy alone in the treatment of advanced cervico-uterine cancer, including extensive post-operative recurrences. Am J Roentgenol Radium Ther. 1950;63(2):252–254.Barraclough L, Swindell R, Livsey J. EExternal beam boost for cancer of the cervix uteri when intracavitary therapy cannot be performed. Int J Radiation Oncology Biol Phys. 2008;71(3):772–778. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrobp.2007.10.066Hanks GE, Herring DF, Kramer S. Patterns of care outcome studies. Results of the national practice in cancer of the cervix. Cancer. 1983;51(5):959–967. doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/1097-0142(19830301)51:5< 959::aid-cncr2820510533>3.0.co;2-kUlmer HU, Frischbier HJ. Treatment of advanced cancers of the cervix uteri with external irradiation alone. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 1983;9(6):809–812. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/0360-3016(83)90005-6Kottmeier HL. The classification and clinical staging of carcinoma of the uterus and vagina: a report by the cancer committee of the international federation of gynaecology and obstetrics. Journal of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics. 1963;1(2):83–93. doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/j.1879-3479.1963.tb00327.xFerreira P, Braga-Filho A, Barletta A, et al. Radiation therapy alone in stage III-B cancer of the uterine cervix — a 17-year old experience in southern Brazil. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 1999;45(2):441–446. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/s0360-3016(99)00178-9Yahya S, Bhatt L, King M, et al. Survival and Toxicity Following Chemoradiation for Carcinoma of the Cervix — Impact of Multiple-phase Treatment and Shielding. Anticancer Res. 2015;35(10):5567–5574.Akine Y, Hashida I, Kajiura Y, et al. Carcinoma of the uterine cervix treated with external irradiation alone. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 1986;12(9):1611–1616. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/0360-3016(86)90286-5Yamamoto R, Yonesaka A, Nishioka S, et al. High dose three-dimensional conformal boost (3DCB) using an orthogonal diagnostic X-ray set-up for patients with gynecological malignancy: a new application of real-time tumor-tracking system. Radiother Oncol. 2004;73(2):219–222. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.radonc.2004.08.006Saibishkumar E, Patel F, Sharma S, et al. Results of external-beam radiotherapy alone in invasive cancer of the uterine cervix: a retrospective analysis. Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol). 2006;18(1):46–51. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clon.2005.10.004Wahab S, Malyapa R, Mutic S, et al. A treatment planning study comparing HDR and AGIMRT for cervical cancer. Med Phys. 2004;31(4):734–743. doi: https://doi.org/10.1118/1.1645678Pedicini P, Strigari L, Caivano R, et al. Local tumor control probability to evaluate an applicator-guided volumetric-modulated arc therapy solution as alternative of 3D brachytherapy for the treatment of the vaginal vault in patients affected by gynecological cancer. J Appl Clin Med Phys. 2013;14(2):4075. doi: https://doi.org/10.1120/jacmp.v14i2.4075Quinn M, Benedet J, Odicino F, et al. Carcinoma of the cervix uteri. FIGO 26th Annual Report on the Results of Treatment in Gynecological Cancer. Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 2006;95(Suppl 1):S43–103. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0020-7292(06)60030-1Максимов С.Я., Гусейнов К.Д. Комбинированное лечение рака шейки матки // Практическая онкология. — 2002. — Т. 3. — № 3. — С. 200–210. [Maksimov SYa, Gusejnov KD. Kombinirovannoe lechenie raka shejki matki. Prakticheskaya Onkologiya. 2002;3(3):200–210. (In Russ.)]Coia L, Won M, Lanciano R, et al. The patterns of care outcome study for cancer of uterine cervix/ Results of second national practice survey. Cancer. 1990;66(12):2451–2456. doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/1097-0142(19901215)66:12< 2451::aid-cncr2820661202>3.0.co;2-5Bandyopadhyay A, Mukherjee U, Ghosh S, et al. Pattern of Failure with Locally Advanced Cervical Cancer — A Retrospective Audit and Analysis of Contributory Factors. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 2018;19(1):73–79. doi: https://doi.org/10.22034/APJCP.2018.19.1.73Kagei K, Tokuuye K, Okumura T, et al. Long-term results of proton beam therapy for carcinoma of the uterine cervix. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2003;55(5):1265–1271. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/s0360-3016(02)04075-0Matsuura K, Tanimoto H, Fujita K, et al. Early clinical outcomes of 3D-conformal radiotherapy using accelerated hyperfractionation without intracavitary brachytherapy for cervical cancer. Gynecol Oncol. 2007;104(1):11–14. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ygyno.2006.06.033Kilic S, Cracchiolo B, Mahmoud O. Non-brachytherapy alternatives in cervical cancer radiotherapy: Why not? Applied radiation oncology. 2015. December. P. 10–17. doi: https://doi.org/10.37549/ARO1081Cengiz M, Dogan A, Ozyigit G, et al. Comparison of intracavitary brachytherapy and stereotactic body radiotherapy dose distribution for cervical cancer. Brachytherapy. 2012;11(2):125–129. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brachy.2011.12.001Nombela-Arrieta C, Manz MG. Quantification and three-dimensional microanatomical organization of the bone marrow. Blood Adv. 2017;1(6):407–416. doi: https://doi.org/10.1182/bloodadvances.2016003194Pötter R, Tanderup K, Kirisits C, et al. The EMBRACE II study: The outcome and prospect of two decades of evolution within the GEC-ESTRO GYN working group and the EMBRACE studies. Clin Transl Radiat Oncol. 2018;9:48–60. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ctro.2018.01.001Assenholt M, Petersen J, Nielsen S, et al. A dose planning study on applicator guided stereotactic IMRT boost in combination with 3D MRI based brachytherapy in locally advanced cervical cancer. Acta Oncol. 2008;47(7):1337–1343. doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/02841860802266698Fetcher G. Textbook of radiotherapy. Philadelphia: Lea & Febiger, 1966. P. 434–474.Dimopoulos JC, Kirisits C, Petric P, et al. The Vienna applicator for combined intracavitary and interstitial brachytherapy of cervical cancer: clinical feasibility and preliminary results. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2006;66(1):83–90. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrobp.2006.04.041Kirisits C, Lang S, Dimopoulos J, et al. The Vienna applicator for combined intracavitary and interstitial brachytherapy of cervical cancer: design, application, treatment planning, and dosimetric results. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2006;65(2):624–630. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrobp.2006.01.036Крейнина Ю.М. Брахитерапия в лечении онкогинекологической патологии на современном этапе: state-of-art // Материалы VII Петербургского международного онкологического форума «Белые ночи» 21–27 июня 2021 г. — СПб., 2021. — 382 с. [Krejnina YuM. Brahiterapiya v lechenii onkoginekologicheskoj patologii na sovremennom etape: state-of-art. Materialy VII Peterburgskogo mezhdunarodnogo onkologicheskogo foruma “Belye nochi” 21–27 iyunya 2021 g. Saint Petersburg; 2021. 382 s. (In Russ.)]Assenholt M, Vestergaard A, Kallehauge J, et al. Proof of principle: Applicator-guided stereotactic IMRT boost in combination with 3D MRI-based brachytherapy in locally advanced cervical cancer. Brachytherapy. 2014;13(4):361–368. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brachy.2014.02.003Aydogan B, Mundt A, Smith B, et al. A dosimetric analysis of intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) as an alternative to adjuvant high-dose-rate (HDR) brachytherapy in early endometrial cancer patients. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2006;65(1):266–273. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrobp.2005.12.049Cilla S, Macchia G, Mattiucci G, et al. Optimized stereotactic volumetric modulated arc therapy as an alternative to brachytherapy for vaginal cuff boost. A dosimetric study. Med Dosim. 2020;45(4):352–358. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.meddos.2020.05.003Prescribing, recording, and reporting brachytherapy for cancer of the cervix. J ICRU. 2013;13(1–2):NP. doi: https://doi.org/10.1093/jicru/ndw027Buschmann M, Majercakova K, Sturdza A, et al. Image guided adaptive external beam radiation therapy for cervix cancer: Evaluation of a clinically implemented plan-of-the-day technique. Z Med Phys. 2018;28(3):184–195. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.zemedi.2017.09.004van de Schoot AJAJ, de Boer P, Visser J, et al. Dosimetric advantages of a clinical daily adaptive plan selection strategy compared with a non-adaptive strategy in cervical cancer radiation therapy. Acta Oncol. 2017;56(5):667–674. doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/0284186X.2017.1287949Georg D, Kirisits C, Hillbrand M, et al. Image-guided radiotherapy for cervix cancer: high-tech external beam therapy versus high-tech brachytherapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2008;71(4):1272–1278. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrobp.2008.03.032Mayr N, Huang Z, Sohn J, et al. Emerging application of stereotactic body radiation therapy for gynecologic malignancies. Expert Rev Anticancer Ther. 2011;11(7):1069–1075. doi: https://doi.org/10.1586/era.11.81Mollà M, Escude L, Nouet P, et al. Fractionated radiotherapy boost for gynecologic tumors: an alternative to brachytherapy? Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2005;62(1):118–124. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrobp.2004.09.028Choi C, Chul C, Yoo S, et al. Image-guided stereotactic body radiation therapy in patients with isolated para-aortic lymph node metastases from uterine cervical and corpus cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2009;74(1):147–153. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrobp.2008.07.020Teh B, Ishiyama H, Mathews T, et al. Stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) for genitourinary malignancies. Discov Med. 2010;10(52):255–262.Jorcano S, Molla M, Escude L, et al. Hypofractionated extracranial stereotactic radiotherapy boost for gynecologic tumors: a promising alternative to high-dose rate brachytherapy. Technol Cancer Res Treat. 2010;9(5):509–514. doi: https://doi.org/10.1177/153303461000900509Hsieh CH, Weil MC, Hsu YP, et al. Should helical tomotherapy replace brachytherapy for cervical cancer? Case report. BMC Cancer. 2010;10:637. doi: https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2407-10-637Marnitz S, Köhler C, Budach V, et al. Brachytherapy-emulating robotic radiosurgery in patients with cervical carcinoma. Radiat Oncol. 2013;8:109. doi: https://doi.org/10.1186/1748-717X-8-109Столбовой А.В., Ислим Н., Лойко И.Е., и др. Проблемы в лечении рака шейки матки // Клинический разбор в общей медицине. — 2024. — Т. 5. — № 7. — С. 59–68. [Stolbovoy AV, Islim N, Loiko IE, et al. Issues in the treatment of cervix uteri. Clinical analysis in general medicine. 2024;5(7):59–68. (In Russ.)] doi: https://doi.org/10.47407/kr2024.5.7.00448Aronowitz JN, Aronowitz SV, Robison RF. Classics in brachytherapy: Margaret Cleaves introduces gynecologic brachytherapy. Brachytherapy. 2007;6(4):293–297. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brachy.2007.08.009Салим (Ислим) Н., Столбовой А.В., Рыжкин С.А. Критические особенности радиотерапии больных раком шейки матки // Клинический разбор в общей медицине. — 2025. — Т. 6. — № 9. — С. 89–94. [Islim (Salim) N, Stolbovoy AV, Ryzhkin SA. Critical issues in the radiotherapy of cervix utery cancer. Clinical review for general practice. 2025;6(9):89–94. (In Russ.)] doi: https://doi.org/10.47407/kr2025.6.9.00678Salim N, Tumanova K, Stolbovoy A, et al. Adaptive VMAT Radiotherapy to Avoid Brachytherapy in Cervical Cancer Treatment. International Journal of Radiation Oncology, Biology, Physics. 2022;114(3 suppl). № 2583. e262.Салим (Ислим) Н., Лойко И.Е., Зверева Д.П., и др. Два клинических случая радикальной дистанционной радиотерапии рака шейки матки при невозможности использовать брахитерапию // Клинический разбор в общей медицине. — 2025. — Т. 6. — № 12. — C. 22–30. [Islim (Salim) N, Loyko IE, Zvereva DP, et al. Two cases of forced external beam radiotherapy of the cancer of cervix uteri when brachytherapy is impossible. Clinical review for general practice. 2025;6(12):22–30. (In Russ.)] doi: https://doi.org/10.47407/kr2025.6.12.00p4548Титова В.А. Рак шейки матки: реалистичный подход к эволюционному развитию лучевой терапии, интеллектуальные и технические возможности. Взгляд эксперта // Вестник Российского научного центра рентгенорадиологии. — 2022. — Т. 22. — № 4. — С. 361–372. [Titova VA. Rak shejki matki: realistichnyj podhod k evolyucionnomu razvitiyu luchevoj terapii, intellektual’nye i tekhnicheskie vozmozhnosti. Vzglyad eksperta. Vestnik Rossijskogo nauchnogo centra rentgenoradiologii. 2022;22(4);361–372. (In Russ.)]Солодкий В.А., Титова В.А., Паньшин Г.А. Эволюционное развитие технологий лучевой терапии местнораспространенного рака шейки матки // Вопросы онкологии. — 2023. — Т. 69. — № 1. — С. 15–23. [Solodkiy VA, Titova VA, Panshin GA. Evolutionary development of radiotherapy technologies in locally advanced cervical cancer. Voprosy Onkologii. 2023;69(1):15–23. (In Russ.)] doi: https://doi.org/10.37469/0507-3758-2023-69-1-15-23Солодкий В.А., Титова В.А., Паньшин Г.А. Современная конформная лучевая терапия при противоопухолевом лечении местнораспространенного рака шейки матки // Вопросы онкологии. — 2023. — Т. 69. — № 5. — С. 824–834. [Solodky VA, Titova VA, Panshin GA. Modern Conformal Radiation Therapy in the Antitumor Treatment of Locally Advanced Cervical Cancer. Voprosy Onkologii. 2023;69(5):824–834. (In Russ.)] doi: https://doi.org/10.37469/0507-3758-2023-69-5-824-834Паньшин Г.А., Титова В.А. Возможно ли и нужно ли не применять брахитерапию при радиотерапевтическом лечении больных местнораспространенным раком шейки матки? // Вопросы онкологии. — 2024. — Т. 70. — № 3. — С. 557–563. [Panshin GA, Titova VA. Is it Possible and Necessary to Avoid Using Brachytherapy when Giving Radiation Therapy for Locally Advanced Cervical Cancer? Voprosy Onkologii. 2024;70(3):557–563. (In Russ.)] doi: https://doi.org/10.37469/0507-3758-2024-70-3-557-563Семьдесят третья сессия Всемирной ассамблеи здравоохранения WHA73.2 Пункт 11.4 повестки дня 3 августа 2020 г. Глобальная стратегия по ускорению элиминации рака шейки матки как проблемы общественного здравоохранения и установленные в ней цели и задачи на период 2020–2030 гг. Available from: https://apps.who.int/gb/ebwha/pdf_files/WHA73/A73_R2-ru.pdf (accessed: 09.02.2022).Семьдесят восьмая сессия Всемирной ассамблеи здравоохранения. WHA78. Всемирная организация Здравоохранения. Документ EB156(22). Всемирный день элиминации рака шейки матки. Available from: chrome-extension://efaidnbmnnnibpcajpcglclefindmkaj/https://apps.who.int/gb/ebwha/pdf_files/EB156/B156_(22)-ru.pdf (accessed: 05.06.2025).