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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Annals of the Russian academy of medical sciences</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Annals of the Russian academy of medical sciences</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Вестник Российской академии медицинских наук</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">0869-6047</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2414-3545</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">"Paediatrician" Publishers LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">18142</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15690/vramn18142</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>STOMATOLOGY: CURRENT ISSUES</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>АКТУАЛЬНЫЕ ВОПРОСЫ СТОМАТОЛОГИИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Review Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">The effectiveness of using various irrigation solutions for antiseptic treatment of root canals: a network meta-analysis</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Эффективность использования различных ирригационных растворов при антисептической обработке корневых каналов: сетевой метаанализ</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2117-2218</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Brazhnikova</surname><given-names>Anna N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бражникова</surname><given-names>Анна Николаевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD, Assistant Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.м.н., доцент</p></bio><email>braznikovaankaf@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0003-8707-9195</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Klenkina</surname><given-names>Ekaterina D.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кленкина</surname><given-names>Екатерина Дмитриевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Student</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>студентка</p></bio><email>klyonkina03@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0000-5751-0421</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Magaramov</surname><given-names>Ilham F.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Магарамов</surname><given-names>Ильхам Фазеливич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Student</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>студент</p></bio><email>imagaramov2003@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0005-4428-1881</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Minasyan</surname><given-names>Vladislav S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Минасян</surname><given-names>Владислав Славикович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Student</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>студент</p></bio><email>Minasyan.vlad.03@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0005-7440-7369</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Sarkisyan</surname><given-names>Diana A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Саркисян</surname><given-names>Диана Артуровна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Student</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>студентка</p></bio><email>di.sarkisyan08@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0001-9847-783X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Aivazova</surname><given-names>Valeria V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Айвазова</surname><given-names>Валерия Васильевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Student</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>студентка</p></bio><email>Valeriaivazova11@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0008-4048-291X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kalaycheva</surname><given-names>Violetta E.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Калайчева</surname><given-names>Виолета Эдуардовна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Student</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>студентка</p></bio><email>violettakalaycheva@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0002-7637-1601</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kartoeva</surname><given-names>Aset M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Картоева</surname><given-names>Асет Мухарбековна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Student</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>студентка</p></bio><email>kartoevaasa44@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0007-8674-9977</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Batchaeva</surname><given-names>Amina M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Батчаева</surname><given-names>Амина Магометовна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Student</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>студентка</p></bio><email>amina.batchaeva00@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0005-5957-6172</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Gadjev</surname><given-names>Minabidin A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гаджиев</surname><given-names>Минабидин Артурович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Student</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>студент</p></bio><email>minabidin.43@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0007-3227-710X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Zagirov</surname><given-names>Zagid R.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Загиров</surname><given-names>Загид Радикович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Student</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>студент</p></bio><email>zagid.zagirov05@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0007-5763-7087</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Magomedova</surname><given-names>Diana N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Магомедова</surname><given-names>Диана Наримановна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Student</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>студентка</p></bio><email>dianka.magomedova.0303@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0001-7536-1375</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Nalbandyan</surname><given-names>Arsen A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Налбандян</surname><given-names>Арсен Араикович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Student</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>студент</p></bio><email>sintilimon@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0003-5293-7997</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Balova</surname><given-names>Liana R.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Балова</surname><given-names>Лиана Руслановна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Student</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>студентка</p></bio><email>balova.liana@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0006-5528-8269</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Dementeva</surname><given-names>Sofya O.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дементьева</surname><given-names>Софья Олеговна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Student</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>студентка</p></bio><email>sonehka2003@icloud.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0005-5405-0884</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Arustamyan</surname><given-names>Tamara A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Арустамян</surname><given-names>Тамара Арменовна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Student</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>студентка</p></bio><email>arystamyan777@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Stavropol State Medical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Ставропольский государственный медицинский университет</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2026-03-17" publication-format="electronic"><day>17</day><month>03</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>80</volume><issue>6</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>445</fpage><lpage>455</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-10-27"><day>27</day><month>10</month><year>2025</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2025-12-26"><day>26</day><month>12</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2026, "Paediatrician" Publishers LLC</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2026, Издательство "Педиатръ"</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">"Paediatrician" Publishers LLC</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Издательство "Педиатръ"</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" start_date="2026-09-17"/></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vestnikramn.spr-journal.ru/jour/article/view/18142">https://vestnikramn.spr-journal.ru/jour/article/view/18142</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Antiseptic treatment of the root canal system is a key stage of endodontic treatment and largely determines its clinical outcome. There are a number of well-established and alternative variations of irrigation solutions. In this regard, there is a need for choice, which is difficult due to the insufficient amount of information and its fragmentation. The purpose of this systematic review is to evaluate the comparative effectiveness of various irrigation solutions in the antiseptic treatment of root canals. To solve this problem, a meta-analysis was conducted examining various irrigants. The study was searched from PubMed and Web of Science databases with the keywords: “irrigation solutions”, “irrigation efficiency”, “sodium hypochlorite”, “chlorhexidine”, “EDTA”, “root canal disinfection”, “irrigation protocol”, “ultrasonic activation”. All the papers included in the meta-analysis were analyzed for the risk of bias. At each stage of the analysis, an attempt was made to reduce the chance of an operational error to 0. As a result, 4 studies out of 4122 analyzed were included. It was found that the literature search is limited by the lack of elaboration of the topic. When analyzing the data, care must be taken and possible limitations of the study must be taken into account. Solutions based on active chlorine demonstrated the most pronounced antimicrobial activity, while phytopreparations showed significantly more variable results and require additional study. This may be due to the fact that chemical antiseptics have pronounced oxidative and proteolytic effects and are able to penetrate deeply into tissues, whereas plant extracts have a limited spectrum of activity and poorly disrupt the biofilm structure. Regression analysis taking into account the “solution exposure” covariate showed that there was no significant effect of exposure time on the degree of reduction in microbial load.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Антисептическая обработка системы корневых каналов является ключевым этапом эндодонтического лечения и во многом определяет его клинический исход. Существует ряд устоявшихся и альтернативных вариаций ирригационных растворов. В связи с этим возникает необходимость выбора, который затруднен из-за недостаточного количества информации и ее раздробленности. Цель данного систематического обзора — оценка сравнительной эффективности различных ирригационных растворов при антисептической обработке корневых каналов. Для решения этой проблемы был проведен метаанализ, изучающий различные ирриганты. Поиск исследования осуществлялся из баз PubMed и Web of Science с ключевыми словами: «irrigation solutions», «irrigation efficacy», «sodium hypochlorite», «chlorhexidine», «EDTA», «root canal disinfection», «irrigation protocol», «ultrasonic activation». Все включенные в метаанализ работы были проанализированы на риск предвзятости. На каждом этапе анализа осуществлялась попытка привести шанс операционной ошибки к нулю. В результате было включено 4 исследования из 4122 проанализированных. Установлено, что поиск литературы ограничен неразработанностью темы. При анализе данных необходимо проявлять осторожность и учитывать возможные ограничения исследования. Наиболее выраженную антимикробную активность продемонстрировали растворы на основе активного хлора, тогда как фитопрепараты показали значительно более вариативные результаты и требуют дополнительного изучения. Это может быть связано с тем, что химические антисептики обладают выраженным окислительным и протеолитическим действием и способны глубоко проникать в ткани, тогда как растительные экстракты имеют ограниченный спектр активности и хуже диспергируют биопленку. Регрессионный анализ с учетом ковариаты «экспозиция раствора» показал отсутствие значимого влияния времени воздействия на степень снижения микробной нагрузки.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>root canal irrigation</kwd><kwd>bacterial load</kwd><kwd>drug effects</kwd><kwd>network meta-analysis</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>ирригация корневых каналов</kwd><kwd>бактериальная нагрузка</kwd><kwd>эффекты лекарств</kwd><kwd>сетевой метаанализ</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Iandolo A. Modern Therapeutic Strategies in Endodontics and Restorative Dentistry. 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