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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Annals of the Russian academy of medical sciences</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Annals of the Russian academy of medical sciences</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Вестник Российской академии медицинских наук</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">0869-6047</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2414-3545</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">"Paediatrician" Publishers LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">17984</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15690/vramn17984</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PHTHISIOLOGY: CURRENT ISSUES</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>АКТУАЛЬНЫЕ ВОПРОСЫ ФТИЗИАТРИИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Molecular Genetic Characteristic of Pulmonary Tuberculosis Associated with ABCB1 Gene Expression of Multidrugresistance Protein P-gp</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Молекулярно-генетическая характеристика туберкулеза легких, ассоциированная с уровнем экспрессии гена ABCB1 белка множественной лекарственной устойчивости P-gp</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2494-9275</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">8372-1666</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Ergeshov</surname><given-names>Atadzhan E.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Эргешов</surname><given-names>Атаджан Э.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio><p>д.м.н., профессор, член-корреспондент РАН</p></bio><email>cniit@ctri.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7256-4679</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">8033-0860</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Erokhina</surname><given-names>Maria V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ерохина</surname><given-names>Мария В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD in Biology, Associate Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.б.н., доцент </p></bio><email>masha.erokhina@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5662-3715</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">8311-7260</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Pavlova</surname><given-names>Ekaterina N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Павлова</surname><given-names>Екатерина Н.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD in Biology</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.б.н. </p></bio><email>guchia@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6894-2411</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">6228-8382</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Lepekha</surname><given-names>Larisa N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лепеха</surname><given-names>Лариса Н.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD in Biology, Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.б.н., профессор</p></bio><email>lep3@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">4245-1560</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Tarasov</surname><given-names>Ruslan V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тарасов</surname><given-names>Руслан В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.м.н. </p></bio><email>etavnai@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0438-7233</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">5661-8640</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Tarasova</surname><given-names>Ekaterina K.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тарасова</surname><given-names>Екатерина К.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Master of Biology</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>магистр биол. наук</p></bio><email>shalioto6@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Central Tuberculosis Research Institute</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Центральный научно-исследовательский институт туберкулеза</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Russian University of Medicine</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Российский университет медицины</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Lomonosov Moscow State University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Московский государственный университет имени М.В. Ломоносова</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2024-12-28" publication-format="electronic"><day>28</day><month>12</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2024-12-13" publication-format="electronic"><day>13</day><month>12</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>79</volume><issue>5</issue><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2024-06-05"><day>05</day><month>06</month><year>2024</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2024-10-13"><day>13</day><month>10</month><year>2024</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2024, "Paediatrician" Publishers LLC</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2024, Издательство "Педиатръ"</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">"Paediatrician" Publishers LLC</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Издательство "Педиатръ"</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" start_date="2025-07-14"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://vestnikramn.spr-journal.ru/jour/about/submissions</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vestnikramn.spr-journal.ru/jour/article/view/17984">https://vestnikramn.spr-journal.ru/jour/article/view/17984</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Background. </bold>Tuberculous inflammation is mediated by a complex molecular signaling pathway, the analysis of which makes it possible to identify promising biomarkers and targets for the development of new diagnostic, prognostic and pharmacological approaches in order to improve the effectiveness of anti-tuberculosis chemotherapy. Determining the relationship between key inflammatory cytokines, the multidrug-resistant protein P-gp and the activity of specific inflammation in the surgical material of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis may prove to be a novel tool in the development of pathogenetic therapy and personalized medicine.</p> <p><bold>Aims</bold> — to characterize molecular and genetic profiles of tuberculomas and identify genes that correlate with the expression of the ABCB1 gene of the P-gp protein in the surgical material of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis. Research objectives: 1) to obtain molecular and genetic characteristics of tuberculosis by real-time PCR and compare it with the activity of tuberculous inflammation; 2) to carry out a correlation analysis between the expression of the ABCB1 gene and key cytokines of the tuberculosis process: IL-6, IL-10, IFN-γ, TGF-β, TNF-α, IL-1β.</p> <p><bold>Methods.</bold> A prospective cohort study was conducted on the basis of the FSBI CTRI. The object of the study was the surgical material of 35 patients diagnosed with multiple pulmonary tuberculomas. Histological examination methods were used for the morphological assessment of the surgical material. A real-time quantitative PCR method was used to analyze gene expression. Statistical processing was performed using the GraphPad Prism Version 7.04 software package (GraphPad Software, USA). The data is presented as a median with an interquartile range. The nonparametric Mann–Whitney U-test was used to compare the two groups. All p-values were two-sided and p &lt; 0.05 was considered statistically significant. The correlation between the variables was estimated using the Spearman correlation coefficient. The correlation analysis was carried out in the Microsoft Office Excel 2010 Software.</p> <p><bold>Results.</bold> The study revealed that the highest level of expression of ABCB1 gene of the P-gp protein is observed in tuberculomas with high activity of tuberculous inflammation, and its expression is correlated with the expression of the IL6 gene (p &lt; 0.001) and the expression of the IL10 gene (p &lt; 0.01). Tuberculomas of this group are also characterized by higher expression of the TGFB1, TNF and IL1B genes, compared with the group of moderate activity of specific inflammation.</p> <p><bold>Conclusions. </bold>The data obtained indicate that in addition to pro-/anti-inflammatory cytokines, the P-gp protein plays an important role in the pathogenesis of tuberculous inflammation, especially with its high activity. Further clarification of the P-gp role in tuberculous inflammation may be an important step for the development of new approaches to treat tuberculosis using methods of HDT and personalized medicine.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Обоснование. </bold>Специфическое туберкулезное воспаление опосредовано сложным каскадом молекулярных сигналов, анализ которых дает возможность определить перспективные биомаркеры и мишени для разработки новых диагностических, прогностических и фармакологических подходов по повышению эффективности противотуберкулезной химиотерапии. Определение взаимосвязи между ключевыми цитокинами воспаления, белком множественной лекарственной устойчивости P-gp и активностью специфического воспаления в операционном материале больных туберкулезом легких может оказаться новым инструментом в рамках развития патогенетической терапии и персонализированной медицины.</p> <p><bold>Цель исследования</bold> — провести молекулярно-генетическую характеристику туберкулем и выявить гены, которые коррелируют с экспрессией гена ABCB1 белка P-gp в операционном материале больных туберкулезом легких. Задачи исследования: 1) дать молекулярно-генетическую характеристику туберкулем методом ПЦР в реальном времени и сопоставить ее с активностью специфического воспаления; 2) осуществить корреляционный анализ между экспрессией гена ABCB1 и ключевыми цитокинами туберкулезного процесса: IL-6, IL-10, IFN-γ, TGF-β, TNF-α, IL-1β.</p> <p><bold>Методы.</bold> Когортное проспективное исследование проводилось на базе ФГБНУ ЦНИИТ. Объектом исследования являлся операционный материал 35 больных с диагнозом «множественные туберкулемы легких». Для морфологической оценки операционного материала применяли методы гистологического исследования. Для анализа экспрессии генов использовали метод количественной ПЦР в реальном времени.</p> <p><bold>Результаты.</bold> В результате проведенного исследования выявлено, что ген ABCB1 белка P-gp демонстрирует наивысший уровень экспрессии в туберкулемах с высокой активностью специфического воспаления, а его экспрессия в наибольшей степени коррелирует с экспрессией гена IL6 (p &lt; 0,001) и умеренно — с экспрессией гена IL10 (p &lt; 0,01). Туберкулемы этой группы также характеризуются более высокой экспрессией генов TGFB1, TNF и IL1B по сравнению с группой умеренной активности специфического воспаления.</p> <p><bold>Заключение. </bold>Полученные данные указывают, что помимо про-/противовоспалительных цитокинов важную роль в патогенезе туберкулезного воспаления, особенно при его высокой активности, играет белок P-gp. Дальнейшее уточнение роли P-gp при туберкулезном воспалении может быть важным шагом в разработке новых подходов лечения туберкулеза в рамках HDT и персонализированной медицины.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>P-gp</kwd><kwd>ABCB1</kwd><kwd>pulmonary tuberculosis</kwd><kwd>cytokines</kwd><kwd>real-time polymerase chain reaction</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>P-gp</kwd><kwd>ABCB1</kwd><kwd>туберкулез легких</kwd><kwd>цитокины воспаления</kwd><kwd>ПЦР</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Global Tuberculosis Report. Available from: https://www.who.int/teams/global-tuberculosis-programme/tb-reports/global-tuberculosis-report-2022 (accessed: 25.06.2023).</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>Стерликов С.А., Русакова Л.И., Обухова О.В. 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