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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Annals of the Russian academy of medical sciences</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Annals of the Russian academy of medical sciences</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Вестник Российской академии медицинских наук</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">0869-6047</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2414-3545</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">"Paediatrician" Publishers LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">17892</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15690/vramn17892</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ONCOLOGY: CURRENT ISSUES</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>АКТУАЛЬНЫЕ ВОПРОСЫ ОНКОЛОГИИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">An Analytical Study of the Recommendations for Molecular Genetic Testing in the Russian and Foreign Clinical Guidelines for Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Анализ рекомендаций по назначению молекулярно-биологических исследований из российских и зарубежных клинических рекомендаций по немелкоклеточному раку легкого</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1581-0703</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">1776-4270</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Omelyanovsky</surname><given-names>Vitaly V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Омельяновский</surname><given-names>Виталий Владимирович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD, Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., профессор</p></bio><email>vvo@rosmedex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9313-2122</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">7983-4460</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Ryzhov</surname><given-names>Andrey O.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рыжов</surname><given-names>Андрей Олегович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Health Technology Assessor, Postgraduate Student</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>специалист по оценке технологий здравоохранения, аспирант</p></bio><email>andreyandreyr@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff5"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7567-6027</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">9131-7256</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Ledovskih</surname><given-names>Yulia A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ледовских</surname><given-names>Юлия Анатольевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD, Associate Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.м.н., доцент</p></bio><email>jledovskih@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Center for Expertise and Quality Control of Medical Care</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Центр экспертизы и контроля качества медицинской помощи</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Russian Medical Academy of Continuing Professional Education</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Financial Research Institute</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Научно-исследовательский финансовый институт</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff4"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">N.A. Semashko National Research Institute of Public Health</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Национальный научно-исследовательский институт общественного здоровья им. Н.А. Семашко</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff5"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Первый МГМУ им. И.М. Сеченова (Сеченовский Университет)</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2024-10-10" publication-format="electronic"><day>10</day><month>10</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>79</volume><issue>4</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>309</fpage><lpage>317</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2023-11-06"><day>06</day><month>11</month><year>2023</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2024-07-26"><day>26</day><month>07</month><year>2024</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2024, "Paediatrician" Publishers LLC</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2024, Издательство "Педиатръ"</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">"Paediatrician" Publishers LLC</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Издательство "Педиатръ"</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" start_date="2025-04-10"/></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vestnikramn.spr-journal.ru/jour/article/view/17892">https://vestnikramn.spr-journal.ru/jour/article/view/17892</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Background. </bold>Molecular genetic tests play an important role in the care of patients with cancer. Prescribing a number of precision medicines requires concomitant diagnostic testing. Clinical guidelines accelerate implementation of approved clinical interventions, including molecular genetic testing.</p> <p><bold>Aims</bold> — to analyze and compare recommendations for ordering molecular genetic testing in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) between Russian and foreign guidelines.</p> <p><bold>Methods.</bold> The study included guidelines published in the Rubricator of Clinical Guidelines of the Ministry of Health of Russia, the European Society of Medical Oncology, the American Society of Clinical Oncology and the National Network of Multidisciplinary Oncological Institutions. Recommendations for genetic testing to identify sensitizing mutations in genes in NSCLC and information on study methods were extracted from the selected guidelines.</p> <p><bold>Results. </bold>This resulted in a list of genes recommended for testing in NSCLC: EGFR, BRAF, ALK, ROS1, NTRK, ERBB2, MET, RET, KRAS. The list of genes recommended for testing was the same in all included guidelines, except the Rubricator guideline. Recommendations for assigning tests to identify gene variants within guidelines for the same association tended to have the same level of evidence. However, for some genes, the level of evidence differed between associations. We found that not all guidelines describe research methods. An analysis of the recommended testing methods has shown that a significant proportion of studies are recommended to be conducted using next-generation sequencing, including using genetic panels.</p> <p><bold>Conclusions. </bold>The results of the analysis show the differences between foreign and Russian guidelines in the approaches to prescribing molecular genetic testing and methods of performing it. Currently, EGFR, BRAF, ALK, ROS1, ERBB2, MET, RET are the main genes recommended for testing, and studies are usually performed in metastatic NSCLC. A significant proportion of studies are recommended to use NGS, including the use of genetic panels.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Обоснование. </bold>Генетические исследования играют важную роль в оказании медицинской помощи пациентам со злокачественными новообразованиями. Назначение ряда прецизионных лекарственных препаратов требует проведения сопутствующего диагностического тестирования. В свою очередь, клинические рекомендации (КР) позволяют ускорить внедрение доказавших свою эффективность клинических вмешательств, в том числе молекулярно-биологических исследований, в повседневную практику.</p> <p><bold>Цель исследования</bold> — проведение анализа и сравнение рекомендаций по назначению молекулярно-биологических исследований на примере немелкоклеточного рака легкого (НМРЛ) среди российских и зарубежных КР.</p> <p><bold>Методы.</bold> В исследование были включены КР, размещенные в Рубрикаторе клинических рекомендаций Минздрава России, Европейского общества медицинской онкологии, Американского общества клинической онкологии, Национальной сети многопрофильных онкологических учреждений. Из отобранных КР извлекались тезисы о назначении исследований с целью определения сенсибилизирующих мутаций в генах при НМРЛ, а также информация о методах проведения исследований.</p> <p><bold>Результаты.</bold> В результате был получен перечень генов, рекомендуемых для проведения исследований при НМРЛ: EGFR, BRAF, ALK, ROS1, NTRK, ERBB2, MET, RET, KRAS. Во всех включенных в исследование КР, за исключением Рубрикатора КР Минздрава России, перечень рекомендованных для исследования генов был одинаковый. Рекомендации к назначению исследований для определения вариантов генов в рамках КР одной ассоциации, как правило, имели одинаковый уровень научной обоснованности. При этом для некоторых генов уровень научной обоснованности различался между ассоциациями. Не во всех проанализированных КР были описаны методы проведения исследований. Анализ рекомендуемых методов проведения исследований показал, что значительную долю исследований cледует проводить с применением NGS, в том числе с использованием NGS-панелей.</p> <p><bold>Заключение. </bold>Результаты проведенного анализа демонстрируют разницу в подходах между иностранными и российскими КР к назначению исследований и методам их проведения. В настоящее время основные рекомендуемые к исследованию гены — EGFR, BRAF, ALK, ROS1, ERBB2, MET, RET, а исследования, как правило, проводятся уже при метастатическом НМРЛ. NGS-исследования, в том числе NGS-панели, являются важной технологией при оказании медицинской помощи пациентам с НМРЛ.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>non-small-cell lung carcinoma</kwd><kwd>mutation</kwd><kwd>biomarkers</kwd><kwd>high-throughput nucleotide sequencing</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>немелкоклеточный рак легкого</kwd><kwd>клинические рекомендации</kwd><kwd>молекулярно-биологические исследования</kwd><kwd>секвенирование нового поколения</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Woolf SH, Grol R, Hutchinson A, et al. Clinical guidelines: potential benefits, limitations, and harms of clinical guidelines. BMJ. 1999;318(7182):527–530. doi: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.318.7182.527</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>Schwartzberg L, Kim ES, Liu D, et al. Precision Oncology: Who, How, What, When, and When Not? 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