Annals of the Russian academy of medical sciencesAnnals of the Russian academy of medical sciencesВестник Российской академии медицинских наук0869-60472414-3545"Paediatrician" Publishers LLC17510.15690/vramn.v68i6.670INFECTIOUS DISEASES: CURRENT ISSUESАКТУАЛЬНЫЕ ВОПРОСЫ ИНФЕКЦИОННЫХ БОЛЕЗНЕЙMICROBIOTIC FACTOR INFLUENCING THE MONONUCLEAR PHAGOCYTE SYSTEM DEVELOPMENTМИКРОБИОТИЧЕСКИЙ ФАКТОР РАЗВИТИЯ СИСТЕМЫ МОНОНУКЛЕАРНЫХ ФАГОЦИТОВ (ГНОТОБИОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ)PodoprigoraG. I.ПодопригораГ. И.
Russian Federation

PhD, Professor, Full Member of Academy of Medical and Technical Sciences of the Russian Federation, Director of Research Institute of Cytochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology Address: 115404, Moscow, 6th Radialnaya St., 24/14; tel.: (495) 327-49-87

gipodoprigora@yandex.ruResearch Institute of Cytochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Moscow, Russian FederationНИИ цитохимии и молекулярной фармакологии, Москва, Российская Федерация19062013686Vestnik Rossiiskoi akademii medetsinskikh nauk / Annals of the Russian academy of medical sciencesВестник Российской академии медицинских наук263307082015Copyright ©; 1970, "Paediatrician" Publishers LLCCopyright ©; 1970, Издательство "Педиатръ"1970"Paediatrician" Publishers LLCИздательство "Педиатръ"https://vestnikramn.spr-journal.ru/jour/about/submissionshttps://vestnikramn.spr-journal.ru/jour/article/view/175

Mononuclear-phagocyte system plays an important role in natural immunity and nonspecific resistance reactions of the organism against infection. The experimental studies using conventional laboratory animals with uncontrolled microflora have certain limitations to fully appreciate the role of autoflora (microbiota) in both development and functional activity of mononuclear-phagocyte system. In the present review of the author’ systemic studies the value of microbiologically controlled animals (gnotobiotes) showing the multifaceted role of microbial factor on various manifistations of mononuclear-phagocyte system including phagocytic activity of the cells of both ageing aspects and pathology conditions (inflammation, burns), influence on the colonization resistance and barrier function against translocations of microorganisms from the intestines, temperature reactions and other host defense mechanisms to infection are demonstrated. In a complex body defence, activity of both cellular and humoral factors is being stimulated and modulated by microbiotic factor. Gnotobiotic modeling approach is prospective one for modeling and analysis of molecular and cellular mechanisms in an assessment of the «host-microbiota» interactions, evaluating the effectiveness of new probiotic candidates and further microbial control development in the clinical settings.

Мононуклеарно-фагоцитарная система занимает важное место во врожденном иммунитете и неспецифических защитных реакциях организма на инфекции, однако экспериментальные исследования при использовании на обычных лабораторных животных с неконтролируемой микрофлорой не позволяют в полной мере оценить роль фактора аутофлоры (микробиоты) в развитии и функциональных проявлениях мононуклеарно-фагоцитарной системы. В обзоре систематических исследований показано значение экспериментов на лабораторных животных, контролируемых по микробиоте (гнотобиотов), раскрывающее многогранную роль микробиотического фактора в отношении фагоцитарной активности клеток мононуклеарно-фагоцитарной системы в возрастном аспекте и при патологических условиях (воспаление, ожоговый процесс), влияние на барьерную функцию организма и транслокацию микроорганизмов из кишечника, температурную реакцию, а также другие защитные реакции и механизмы организма. В комплексной защите организма подчеркивается важная роль клеточных и гуморальных факторов, активность которых в значительной степени модулируется микробиотическим фактором. Гнотобиологический подход перспективен для моделирования и анализа молекулярно-клеточных механизмов взаимодействия в системе «хозяин–микробиота», оценки эффективности разрабатываемых препаратов-кандидатов пробиотиков и контроля микробного влияния в клинической практике.

mononuclear-phagocyte systemphagocytosisgnotobiotesmicrobiotaprobioticsмононуклеарно-фагоцитарная системафагоцитозгнотобиотымикробиотапробиотики1. Mononuclear phagocytes. R. van Furth (ed.) Kluwer Academic Publishers: Amsterdam. 1992.2. Hume D.A. The mononuclear phagocyte system. Curr. Opin. Immunol. 2006; 18 (1):49–53.3. Rabinovitch M. Professional and non-professional phagocytes: an introduction. Trends Cell Biol. 1995; 5: 85–87.4. Medzhitov R., Janeway C.A., Jr. Innate immunity: the virtues of a mononclonal system of recognition. Cell. 1997; 91: 295–298.5. Schroder K., Jurg T. The Inflammasomes. Cell. 2010; 140: 821–832.6. Akira S., Takeda K., Kaisho T. Toll-like receptors: critical proteins linking innate and acquired immunity. Nat. Immunol. 2001; 2: 675–680.7. Silva М.T. When two is better than one: macrophages and neutrophils work in concert in innate immunity as complementary and cooperative partners of a myeloid phagocyte system. J. Leukoc. Biol. 2010; 87: 93–106.8. 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