Annals of the Russian academy of medical sciencesAnnals of the Russian academy of medical sciences0869-60472414-3545"Paediatrician" Publishers LLC167210.15690/vramn1672Review ArticleVaccination Against COVID-19: Emerging Issues and Future ProspectsOnischenkoGennadiy G.<p>MD, PhD, Professor, Academician of RAS</p>48cnii@mil.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-0135-7258SizikovaTatiana E.<p>PhD in Biology, Research Associate</p>48cnii@mil.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-1817-0126LebedevVitaliy N.<p>PhD in Biology, Professor, Leading Research Associate</p>48cnii@mil.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-6552-4599BorisevichSergey V.<p>PhD in Biology, Professor, Corresponding Member of the RAS</p>48cnii@mil.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-6742-3919I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)48 Central Scientific Research Institute of the Ministry of Defens of the Russian Federation151220217666526602708202118122021Copyright © 2021, "Paediatrician" Publishers LLC2021<p>The most effective means of combating the COVID-19 pandemic s the formation of herd immunity, with the formation of an immune population to infection. Vaccination rates are continuously increasing. In early February 2021, WHO announced that the number of people vaccinated against the disease for the first time exceeded the number of infected. In early June 2021 the vaccinated number exceeded 2 billion which is more than 12 times the total number infected for the entire duration of the pandemic. The high rate of vaccination leads to the formulation of a number of questions concerning the effectiveness of vaccines currently used for mass immunization the level of herd immunity, necessary to stop the spread of the disease, the actual duration of the vaccination carried out, long-term prospects of the platforms, used in the creation of vaccines. The purpose of this paper is to substantiate reasoned answers to the questions posed.</p>vaccineherd immunityCOVID-19SARS-CoV-2 virusmass immunizationvaccine platformsвакцинавакцинные платформыколлективный иммунитетCOVID-19вирус SARS-CoV-2массовая иммунизация[Hui DS, Azhar EI, Madani TA, et al. The continuing 2019-nCOV epidemic threat of novel coronaviruses in global health – The latest 2019 novel coronavirus outbreak in Wuhan, China. Int J Infect Dis. 2020;91:264–266. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2020.01.009][da Costa VG, Saivish MV, Santos DER, et al. 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