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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Annals of the Russian academy of medical sciences</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Annals of the Russian academy of medical sciences</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Вестник Российской академии медицинских наук</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">0869-6047</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2414-3545</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">"Paediatrician" Publishers LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">16017</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15690/vramn16017</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>SURGERY: CURRENT ISSUES</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>АКТУАЛЬНЫЕ ВОПРОСЫ ХИРУРГИИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Method of Selecting Surgical Treatment for Children with Congenital Deformity of the Spine and Thorax</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Метод выбора хирургического лечения детей младшей возрастной группы с врожденной деформацией позвоночника и грудной клетки</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4235-5048</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Vissarionov</surname><given-names>Sergey V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Виссарионов</surname><given-names>Сергей Валентинович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD, Professor, Corresponding Member of the RAS</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., профессор, член-корреспондент РАН </p></bio><email>vissarionovs@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1768-2402</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Asadulaev</surname><given-names>Marat S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Асадулаев</surname><given-names>Марат Сергеевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.м.н.</p></bio><email>marat.asadulaev@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8883-0580</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Shabunin</surname><given-names>Anton S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шабунин</surname><given-names>Антон Сергеевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>anton-shab@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6187-2097</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Rodionova</surname><given-names>Kristina N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Родионова</surname><given-names>Кристина Николаевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>rkn0306@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3128-980X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Orlova</surname><given-names>Elena A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Орлова</surname><given-names>Елена Антоновна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.м.н. </p></bio><email>eaorlova@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6150-374X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Novosad</surname><given-names>Yury A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Новосад</surname><given-names>Юрий Алексеевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>novosad.yur@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5665-3009</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Pershina</surname><given-names>Polina A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Першина</surname><given-names>Полина Андреевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>polinaiva2772@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4180-5353</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Rybinskikh</surname><given-names>Timofey S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рыбинских</surname><given-names>Тимофей Сергеевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>timofey1999r@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Traumatology and Orthopedics named after G.I. Turner</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр детской травматологии и ортопедии имени Г.И. Турнера</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2023-12-23" publication-format="electronic"><day>23</day><month>12</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>78</volume><issue>6</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>621</fpage><lpage>630</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2023-09-14"><day>14</day><month>09</month><year>2023</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2023-12-01"><day>01</day><month>12</month><year>2023</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2023, "Paediatrician" Publishers LLC</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2023, Издательство "Педиатръ"</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">"Paediatrician" Publishers LLC</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Издательство "Педиатръ"</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" start_date="2025-03-01"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://vestnikramn.spr-journal.ru/jour/about/submissions</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vestnikramn.spr-journal.ru/jour/article/view/16017">https://vestnikramn.spr-journal.ru/jour/article/view/16017</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Introduction.</bold> Spinal anomalies are considered to be the most severe pathology of the axial skeleton. Intrauterine formation of deformity with its subsequent progression during growth is the reason for the need for surgical intervention. The prevalence of patients with congenital scoliosis in the total structure of spinal deformities is up to 2%. In terms of the malignancy of the course of the disease, children with unsegmented rod and rib synostosis represent one of the most unfavorable groups of patients. <bold>Aim. </bold>To perform a comparative analysis of the results of surgical treatment of children with congenital scoliosis with unilateral lateral vertebral segmentation disorder and rib synostosis using different techniques. <bold>Methods.</bold> The work is a monocenter cohort study of “case-control” type (III level of evidence). The design of the work is a monocenter cohort retro and prospective study. The results of surgical treatment of patients between 2010 and 2020 were analyzed. The study included 45 patients aged 3 to 7 years with the diagnosis of congenital scoliosis with unilateral lateral segmentation disorder of vertebral bodies and rib synostosis. The patients were divided into 2 groups depending on the surgical treatment method applied. In the first group (n = 24), patients underwent thoracoplasty with implantation of an individual rib/rib/vertebral distractor; in the second group (n = 21), patients underwent spinal surgery in the scope of vertebrotomy at the apex of the curvature and correction of the deformity with a multifocal spinal system. The data of medical records, as well as MSCT, radiographs, and pulse oscillometry were included in the analysis of the results. <bold>Results.</bold> Me (median) of scoliosis before treatment in group 1 patients 58.5, IQR = 19.75; after treatment — Me = 40.0, IQR = 20.0. Me of kyphosis before surgery 22, IQR = 4.5; after surgery Me = 26.0, IQR = 4.0. In the second group, Me of scoliosis before treatment 58.0, IQR = 3.0; after treatment, Me = 20.0, IQR = 6.0. Me of kyphosis before surgery 22, IQR = 2.0; after surgery Me 28.0, IQR = 4.0. When comparing MSCT data, group 1 patients showed an increase in lung tissue volume by 21% of the initial lung volume, in group 2 the increase amounted to 27%. The analysis of external respiratory function indices demonstrates improvement of reactive component indices by 21.1%, frequency dependence of resistive component by 46.4%, resistive component by 50% in group 1 patients, in group 2 there is an improvement of reactive component indices by 21.1%, resistive component by 50.9% and frequency dependence of reactive component by 46.7%. <bold>Conclusion.</bold> Corrective intervention on the spine at an early age makes it possible to achieve effective correction of the deformity; similar changes are observed both in lung volume and functional state of the respiratory system due to the mediated correction of the thorax shape.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Обоснование. </bold>Аномалии развития позвоночника относят к наиболее тяжелой патологии осевого скелета. Внутриутробное формирование деформации с последующим ее прогрессированием в процессе роста выступает причиной необходимости хирургического вмешательства. Распространенность пациентов с врожденным сколиозом в общей структуре деформаций позвоночника составляет до 2%. В ряду злокачественности течения заболевания дети с несегментированным стержнем и синостозом ребер представляют собой одну из наиболее неблагоприятных групп пациентов. <bold>Цель — </bold>провести сравнительный анализ результатов хирургического лечения детей с врожденным сколиозом при одностороннем боковом нарушении сегментации позвонков и синостозе ребер с применением различных методик. <bold>Методы. </bold>Работа представляет собой исследование типа «случай–контроль» (III уровень доказательности). Дизайн работы представляет собой моноцентровое когортное ретро- и проспективное исследование. Проанализированы результаты хирургического лечения пациентов в период с 2010 по 2020 г. В исследование включено 45 пациентов в возрасте от 3 до 7 лет с диагнозом «врожденный сколиоз» при одностороннем боковом нарушении сегментации тел позвонков и синостозе ребер. Пациенты были разделены на две группы в зависимости от примененного метода хирургического лечения. В первой группе (n = 24) пациентам выполнена расширяющая торакопластика с имплантацией индивидуального реберного/реберно-позвоночного дистрактора, во второй группе (n = 21) пациентам было выполнено хирургическое вмешательство на позвоночнике в объеме вертебротомии на вершине искривления и с коррекцией деформации многоопорной спинальной системой. В анализ результатов включали данные медицинской документации, а также МСКТ, рентгенограмм, импульсной осциллометрии. <bold>Результаты. </bold>Me (медиана) сколиоза до лечения у пациентов первой группы 58,5; IQR = 19,75; после лечения — Me = 40,0; IQR = 20,0. Ме кифоза до операции — 22; IQR = 4,5; после операции — Me = 26,0; IQR = 4,0. Во второй группе Me сколиоза до лечения — 58,0; IQR = 3,0; после лечения — Me = 20,0; IQR = 6,0. Ме кифоза до операции — 22; IQR = 2,0; после операции — Me =28,0; IQR = 4,0. При сравнении данных МСКТ у пациентов первой группы отмечалось увеличение объема легочной ткани на 21% исходного объема легких, во второй группе увеличение составило 27%. Анализ показателей функции внешнего дыхания демонстрирует улучшение показателей реактивного компонента на 21,1%, частотной зависимости резистивного компонента — на 46,4%, резистивного компонента — на 50% у пациентов первой группы, во второй группе отмечается улучшение показателей реактивного компонента на 21,1%, резистивного компонента — на 50,9% и частотной зависимости реактивного компонента — на 46,7%. <bold>Заключение.</bold> Выполнение корригирующего вмешательства на позвоночнике в раннем возрасте позволяет добиться эффективной коррекции деформации, отмечаются схожие изменения со стороны как объема легких, так и функционального состояния дыхательной системы за счет опосредованной коррекции формы грудной клетки.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>spinal malformation</kwd><kwd>rib synostosis</kwd><kwd>orthopedics</kwd><kwd>vertebrology</kwd><kwd>children</kwd><kwd>pulse oscillometry</kwd><kwd>unsegmented rod</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>порок позвоночника</kwd><kwd>синостоз ребер</kwd><kwd>ортопедия</kwd><kwd>вертебрология</kwd><kwd>дети</kwd><kwd>импульсная осциллометрия</kwd><kwd>несегментированный стержень</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><award-group><funding-source><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="ru">Правительство РФ</institution></institution-wrap><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="en">Government of the Russian Federation</institution></institution-wrap></funding-source></award-group></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Kostuik JP. 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