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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Annals of the Russian academy of medical sciences</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Annals of the Russian academy of medical sciences</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Вестник Российской академии медицинских наук</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">0869-6047</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2414-3545</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">"Paediatrician" Publishers LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">16014</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15690/vramn16014</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CARDIOLOGY AND CARDIOVASCULAR SURGERY: CURRENT ISSUES</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>АКТУАЛЬНЫЕ ВОПРОСЫ КАРДИОЛОГИИ И СЕРДЕЧНО-СОСУДИСТОЙ ХИРУРГИИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Review Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Analysis of the Complications of Malignant Cerebral Infarction</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Анализ осложнений злокачественного ишемического инсульта</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3942-7442</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="scopus">57226736867</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="researcherid">ABE-3405-2021</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">2079-7476</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Sehweil</surname><given-names>Salah M.M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сехвейл</surname><given-names>Салах М.М.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD, Associate Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат медицинских наук, доцент</p></bio><email>salahsehweil@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7093-9548</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">1422-4904</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Goncharova</surname><given-names>Zoya A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гончарова</surname><given-names>Зоя Александровна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD, Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор медицинских наук, профессор</p></bio><email>centrms@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Rostov State medical university</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Ростовский государственный медицинский университет</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-07-07" publication-format="electronic"><day>07</day><month>07</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>80</volume><issue>2</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>109</fpage><lpage>120</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2023-09-02"><day>02</day><month>09</month><year>2023</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2025-04-21"><day>21</day><month>04</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2025, "Paediatrician" Publishers LLC</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2025, Издательство "Педиатръ"</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">"Paediatrician" Publishers LLC</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Издательство "Педиатръ"</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" start_date="2026-01-07"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://vestnikramn.spr-journal.ru/jour/about/submissions</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vestnikramn.spr-journal.ru/jour/article/view/16014">https://vestnikramn.spr-journal.ru/jour/article/view/16014</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Background</bold><bold>.</bold> Malignant ischemic stroke (MIS) in the middle cerebral artery (MCA) is the most severe form of ischemic stroke, accompanied by the occurrence of numerous (cerebral and extracerebral) complications. <bold>Aims</bold><bold> </bold>—<bold> </bold>to determine the spectrum and frequency of complications of malignant ischemic stroke in the middle cerebral artery (MCA) and evaluate their impact on the course and outcome of the disease. <bold>Methods</bold><bold>. </bold>48 patients with MCI in the MCA-supplied territory, age: 44 to 90 years, average age — 71.4 ± 1.8 years. 58.3% of the participants were female. 79.2% received conservative treatment only, 21% underwent decompressive hemicraniectomy. <bold>Results</bold><bold>. </bold>Extracerebral complications during hospital confinement were registered in 87.5% of patients with MCI in the MCA-supplied territory, cerebral (dislocation syndrome) — in 100%. The most common extracerebral complications are the development of nosocomial pneumonia (73% of patients) and anemia (56.2%). <bold>Conclusion</bold><bold>.</bold> Malignant ischemic stroke in the MCA is accompanied by the inevitable development of numerous complications that require a multidisciplinary approach to the treatment of this category of patients. The determining predictors of the unfavorable course and outcome of IIS are cerebral.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Обоснование. </bold>Злокачественный ишемический инсульт (ЗИИ) в бассейне средней мозговой артерии (СМА) является наиболее тяжелой формой ишемического инсульта и сопровождается возникновением многочисленных (церебральных и экстрацеребральных) осложнений. <bold>Цель исследования </bold>—<bold> </bold>определить спектр и частоту встречаемости осложнений ЗИИ в бассейне СМА и оценить их влияние на течение и исход заболевания. <bold>Методы. </bold>48 больных с ЗИИ в бассейне СМА в возрасте от 44 до 90 лет, в среднем — 71,4 ± 1,8 года. Женщины составили 58,3%. 79,2% получали консервативное лечение; 21% пациентов наряду с консервативной терапией была выполнена декомпрессивная гемикраниэктомия. <bold>Результаты.</bold> Экстрацеребральные осложнения зарегистрированы у 87,5% пациентов с ЗИИ в бассейне СМА, церебральные (дислокационный синдром) — у 100% госпитализированных. Наиболее частыми экстрацеребральными осложнениями являются развитие нозокомиальной пневмонии (73% пациентов) и анемии (56,2%). <bold>Заключение.</bold> ЗИИ в бассейне СМА сопровождается неизбежным развитием многочисленных осложнений, требующих мультидисциплинарного подхода к лечению данной категории пациентов. Определяющими предикторами неблагоприятного течения и исхода ЗИИ являются церебральные.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>stroke</kwd><kwd>complications</kwd><kwd>pneumonia</kwd><kwd>middle cerebral artery</kwd><kwd>brain edema</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>инсульт</kwd><kwd>осложнения</kwd><kwd>пневмония</kwd><kwd>средняя мозговая артерия</kwd><kwd>отек мозга</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><award-group><funding-source><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="ru">т</institution></institution-wrap></funding-source></award-group></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Treadwell SD, Thanvi B. Malignant middle cerebral artery (MCA) infarction: Pathophysiology, diagnosis and management. Postgrad Med J. 2010;86(1014):235–242. doi: https://doi.org/10.1136/pgmj.2009.094292</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>Zhao X, Feng D, Huang J, et al. 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