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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Annals of the Russian academy of medical sciences</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Annals of the Russian academy of medical sciences</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Вестник Российской академии медицинских наук</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">0869-6047</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2414-3545</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">"Paediatrician" Publishers LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">1480</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15690/vramn1480</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>GASTROENTEROLOGY: CURRENT ISSUES</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>АКТУАЛЬНЫЕ ВОПРОСЫ ГАСТРОЭНТЕРОЛОГИИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Peculiarities of Microbiota in Patients with Inflammatory Intestinal Diseases</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Особенности микробиоты у пациентов с воспалительными заболеваниями кишечника (проспективное исследование)</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4795-0751</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="scopus">57192270856</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="researcherid">AAH-3311-2020</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">9577-5290</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Sukhina</surname><given-names>Marina A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сухина</surname><given-names>Марина Алексеевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD in Biology</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.б.н.</p></bio><email>marinamari272015@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2199-8474</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">9706-5936</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Yudin</surname><given-names>Sergei M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Юдин</surname><given-names>Сергей Михайлович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD, Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., профессор</p></bio><email>yudin@cspmz.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4772-9686</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="scopus">12772760200</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">6642-7819</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Zagainova</surname><given-names>Angelika V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Загайнова</surname><given-names>Анжелика Владимировна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD in Biology</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.б.н.</p></bio><email>angelikaangel@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1907-0098</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Makarov</surname><given-names>Valentin V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Макаров</surname><given-names>Валентин Владимирович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD in Biology</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.б.н.</p></bio><email>makarov@cspmz.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3115-1787</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">9333-8673</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Veselov</surname><given-names>Alexei V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Веселов</surname><given-names>Алексей Викторович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.м.н.</p></bio><email>a_veselov82@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9015-2600</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">4062-6344</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Anosov</surname><given-names>Ivan  S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Аносов</surname><given-names>Иван Сергеевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.м.н.</p></bio><email>ivaansv@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5434-9062</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Lyagina</surname><given-names>Irina A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лягина</surname><given-names>Ирина Анатольевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>lyagina59@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2486-081X</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">7628-3590</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Chistyakova</surname><given-names>Daria A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чистякова</surname><given-names>Дарья Алексеевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>mushka1994@list.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8013-3863</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">9418-0508</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Safin</surname><given-names>Anton L.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сафин</surname><given-names>Антон Люнерович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.м.н.</p></bio><email>antonyz@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8480-9362</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">7989-8228</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Shelygin</surname><given-names>Yuri A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шелыгин</surname><given-names>Юрий Анатольевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD, Professor, Academician of the RAS</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., профессор, академик РАН</p></bio><email>info@gnck.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">National Medical Research Centre for Coloproctology named after A.N. Ryzhikh</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр колопроктологии имени А.Н. Рыжих</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Centre for Strategic Planning and Management of Biomedical Health Risks</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Центр стратегического планирования и управления медико-биологическими рисками здоровью</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2022-07-31" publication-format="electronic"><day>31</day><month>07</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>77</volume><issue>3</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>165</fpage><lpage>171</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2020-11-19"><day>19</day><month>11</month><year>2020</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2022-06-21"><day>21</day><month>06</month><year>2022</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2022, "Paediatrician" Publishers LLC</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2022, Издательство "Педиатръ"</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">"Paediatrician" Publishers LLC</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Издательство "Педиатръ"</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" start_date="2023-07-31"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://vestnikramn.spr-journal.ru/jour/about/submissions</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vestnikramn.spr-journal.ru/jour/article/view/1480">https://vestnikramn.spr-journal.ru/jour/article/view/1480</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold><italic>Background. </italic></bold><italic>The intestinal microbiota, on the one hand, protects a person from pathogens, on the other hand, it itself may be one of the triggers and/or mediators of progression in inflammatory bowel diseases. Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) predominantly affects young people of working age. It noted a steady increase in the incidence of IBD in recent decades throughout the world and in Russia. Inflammatory bowel diseases significantly affect quality of life and lead to complications of having to perform surgery, which significantly reduces the quality of life. <bold>Aims </bold>— of the study was to investigate the composition of the microbiota of the colon, the search features of the microbial spectrum of patients with inflammatory bowel disease patients compared with control patients. <bold>Materials and methods.</bold> A prospective study was carried out between patients with inflammatory bowel disease and patients without inflammatory bowel disease for the period 2018–2019. The study included 157 IBD patients and 150 patients without IBD. All patients studied stool, which have been subjected to microbiological and metagenomic study. <bold>Results.</bold> Most often, facultative anaerobic microorganisms were present in the stool of patients with IBD (in 60%, 103–109 CFU/g) and in patients without IBD (69%, 103–109 CFU/g), the share of gram-negative bacteria accounted for 52%, in mostly represented by bacilli belonging to the order Enterobacteriales, only 7% of isolated gram-negative facultative aerobic microorganisms were gram-negative non-fermenting bacteria represented by 5 genera: Acinetobacter, Burkholderia, Pseudomonas, Stenotrophomonas, Ralstonia. Gram-positive facultative anaerobic microorganisms in 89% were represented by cocci of the genus Enterococcus, Streptococcus, Staphylococcus, Micrococcus, Gemella, Globicatella, Granulicatella. <bold>Conclusions. </bold>According to the results of our study, special attention should be paid to the presence of rare microaerophilic and obligate anaerobic microorganisms in the fecal microbiota of patients with IBD (Arcobacter butzleri, Gardnerella vaginalis, Aromatoleum aromaticum, Terrisporobacter glycolicus (Clostridium glycolicum), Solobacterium moorei, Alloscardovia omnicolens, Fusobacterium nucleatum, Fusobacterium ulcerans, Dialister micraerophilus), that have not been isolated from patients without IBD. A timely adequate assessment of the composition and functional characteristics of the microbiota in terms of key biomarkers will make it possible to carry out targeted diagnostics and prevention of the immediate and long-term consequences of inflammatory bowel diseases.</italic></p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold><italic>Обоснование</italic></bold><bold>. </bold><italic>Микробиота кишечника, с одной стороны, защищает человека от патогенов, а с другой — сама может являться одним из триггеров и/или медиаторов прогрессирования при воспалительных заболеваниях кишечника (ВЗК). ВЗК поражают преимущественно лиц молодого трудоспособного возраста. Отмечается неуклонный рост заболеваемости ВЗК в последние десятилетия во всем мире и в России. ВЗК существенно влияют на качество жизни, а осложнения приводят к необходимости выполнения хирургических вмешательств, что значительно снижает качество жизни. <bold>Цель исследования</bold> — изучение состава микробиоты толстой кишки, поиск особенностей микробного спектра у пациентов с воспалительными заболеваниями кишечника по сравнению с пациентами контрольной группы. <bold>Методы.</bold> Выполнено проспективное исследование пациентов с ВЗК и пациентов, находящихся на лечении в колопроктологическом стационаре, без воспалительных заболеваний кишечника за 2018–2019 гг. В исследование были включены 157 пациентов ВЗК и 150 пациентов без ВЗК. У всех пациентов исследовались биообразцы стула, которые были подвергнуты микробиологическому и метагеномному исследованию. <bold>Результаты. </bold>Наиболее часто в просветных фекалиях пациентов с ВЗК (в 60% случаев в титре 10</italic><italic><sup>3</sup></italic><italic>–10</italic><italic><sup>9</sup></italic><italic> КОЕ/г) и пациентов без ВЗК (69% случаев в титре 10</italic><italic><sup>3</sup></italic><italic>–10</italic><italic><sup>9</sup></italic><italic> КОЕ/г) присутствовали факультативно анаэробные микроорганизмы, среди которых на долю грамнегативных бактерий приходилось 52% случаев, в большей части представленных бациллами, относящимися к порядку Enterobacteriales, только 7% изолированных грамнегативных факультативно аэробных микроорганизмов являлись грамнегативными неферментирующими бактериями (ГОНФБ), представленными пятью родами: Acinetobacter, Burkholderia, Pseudomonas, Stenotrophomonas, Ralstonia. Грампозитивные факультативно анаэробные микроорганизмы в 89% случаев были представлены кокками родов Enterococcus, Streptococcus, Staphylococcus, Micrococcus, Gemella, Globicatella, Granulicatella. По результатам нашего исследования следует обратить особое внимание на присутствие в фекальной микробиоте пациентов с ВЗК редких микроаэрофильных и облигатно анаэробных микроорганизмов Arcobacter butzleri, Gardnerella vaginalis, Aromatoleum aromaticum, Terrisporobacter glycolicus (Clostridium glycolicum), Solobacterium moorei, Alloscardovia omnicolens, Fusobacterium nucleatum, Fusobacterium ulcerans и Dialister micraerophilus, которые не были изолированы от пациентов без ВЗК. <bold>Заключение. </bold>Своевременная адекватная оценка состава и функциональных характеристик микробиоты по показателям ключевых биомаркеров позволит проводить направленную диагностику и профилактику ближайших и отдаленных последствий воспалительных заболеваний кишечника.</italic></p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>ulcerative colitis</kwd><kwd>Crohn’s disease</kwd><kwd>inflammatory bowel disease</kwd><kwd>intestinal microbiota</kwd><kwd>colon</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>язвенный колит</kwd><kwd>болезнь Крона</kwd><kwd>воспалительные заболевания кишечника</kwd><kwd>кишечная микробиота</kwd><kwd>толстая кишка</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Khalif IL, Shapina MV. 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