Annals of the Russian academy of medical sciencesAnnals of the Russian academy of medical sciencesВестник Российской академии медицинских наук0869-60472414-3545"Paediatrician" Publishers LLC139510.15690/vramn1395CARDIOLOGY AND CARDIOVASCULAR SURGERY: CURRENT ISSUESАКТУАЛЬНЫЕ ВОПРОСЫ КАРДИОЛОГИИ И СЕРДЕЧНО-СОСУДИСТОЙ ХИРУРГИИReview ArticleExtracellular neutrophil traps (NETs) in the pathogenesis of thrombosis and thromboinflammationВнеклеточные ловушки нейтрофилов (NETs) в патогенезе тромбоза и тромбовоспалительных заболеванийhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-8404-10425930-0859BitsadzeVictoria O.БицадзеВиктория Омаровна
Russian Federation

MD, PhD, Professor

д.м.н., профессор

vikabits@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-7441-27787423-8944SlukhanchukEkaterina V.СлуханчукЕкатерина Викторовна
Russian Federation

MD, PhD, Assistant Professor

к.м.н., доцент

beloborodova@rambler.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-0725-968657194547147F-8384-20178225-4976KhizroevaJamilya H.ХизроеваДжамиля Хизриевна
Russian Federation

MD, PhD, Professor

д.м.н., профессор

jamatotu@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-3628-08041463-0065TretyakovaMaria V.ТретьяковаМария Владимировна
Russian Federation

MD, PhD, Assistant Professor

к.м.н, доцент

tretyakova777@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-9783-1796ShkodaAndrei S.ШкодаАндрей Сергеевич
Russian Federation

MD, PhD, Professor

д.м.н., профессор

67gkb@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-3410-68854554-7324RadetskayaLiudmila S.РадецкаяЛюдмила Сергеевна
Russian Federation

MD, Associated Professor

к.м.н., доцент

udaeva@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-7415-46337538-2966MakatsariyaAlexander D.МакацарияАлександр Давидович
Russian Federation

MD, PhD, Academician of the RAS

д.м.н., академик РАН

gemostasis@mail.ruhttps://internist.ru/lectors/detail/makatsariya-/https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9576-13687003652413ElalamyIsmailЭлаламиИсмаил
Russian Federation

MD, PhD, Professor

д.м.н., профессор

ismail.elalamy@aphp.frhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-9899-99107005114260GrisJean-ChristopheГрисЖан-Кристоф
Russian Federation

MD, PhD, Professor

д.м.н., профессор

jean.christophe.gris@chu-nimes.frhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-8980-97837006391091GrandoneElviraГрандонеЭльвира
Italy

MD, PhD, Professor, Department of thrombosis and hemostasis

д.м.н., профессор, отделение тромбоза и гемостаза

grandoneelvira@gmail.comI.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М. Сеченова (Сеченовский Университет)Petrovsky National Research Center of SurgeryРоссийский научный центр хирургии им. акад. Б.В. ПетровскогоThe First I.M. Sechenov Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет имени И.М. Сеченова (Сеченовский Университет)Medical Center LLCООО «Лечебный Центр»L.A. Vorokhobov City Clinical Hospital Sixty-sevenГородская клиническая больница № 67 им. Л.А. ВорохобоваI.M. Sechenov Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет имени И.М. Сеченова (Сеченовский Университет)Medicine Sorbonne University, University Hospital TenonМедицинский Университет Сорбонна, Университетский Госпиталь ТенонI.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет имени И.М. Сеченова (Сеченовский Университет)University Montpellier, FranceУниверситет Монпелье, ФранцияThe First I.M. Sechenov Moscow State Medical University, (Sechenov University)Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет имени И.М. Сеченова (Сеченовский Университет)Thrombosis and Haemostasis Research Unit, Fondazione I.R.C.C.S. "Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza"Научно-исследовательская больница «Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza»1204202176175851107202016022021Copyright ©; 2021, "Paediatrician" Publishers LLCCopyright ©; 2021, Издательство "Педиатръ"2021"Paediatrician" Publishers LLCИздательство "Педиатръ"https://vestnikramn.spr-journal.ru/jour/article/view/1395

This article summarizes numerous studies on the relationship of biological processes such as inflammation and thrombosis. The huge role of neutrophils and the extracellular neutrophil traps (NETs) secreted by them has been demonstrated. The discovery of NETs has opened new horizons in the understanding of neutrophil biology and the role of these cells in the body. The use of chromatin in combination with the intracellular proteins, as an effective antimicrobial agent has ancient roots and changes our understanding of chromatin only as a carrier of genetic information. Through NETs, neutrophils can contribute to the development of pathological venous and arterial thrombosis or “immunothrombosis”, as well as atherosclerosis. NETs release has been shown to be one of the causes of thrombosis in conditions such as sepsis and cancer. The presence of NETs in these diseases and conditions makes it possible to use them or individual components as potential biomarkers. NETs and their components may be attractive as therapeutic targets. Further studies of neutrophils and NETs are needed to develop new approaches to the diagnosis and treatment of inflammatory and thrombotic conditions. Perhaps long-forgotten drugs will find a new area for effective use.

В данной статье обобщены многочисленные исследования о взаимосвязи таких биологических процессов как воспаление и тромбообразование. Продемонстрирована огромная роль нейтрофиллов и выделяемых ими внеклеточных ловушек нейтрофилов (Neutrophil Extracellular Traps, NETs). Открытие NETs расширило горизонты в понимании биологии нейтрофилов и роли этих клеток в организме. Использование хроматина в сочетании с внутриклеточными белками в качестве противомикробного средства имеет древнюю историю и меняет наше представление о хроматине только как о носителе генетической информации. Благодаря NETs, нейтрофилы могут способствовать развитию патологического венозного и артериального тромбоза или «иммунотромбоза», а также атеросклероза. Высвобождение NETs является, как было показано, одной из причин тромбообразования при таких состояниях как сепсис и рак. Наличие NETs при этих заболеваниях и состояниях дает возможность использовать их или отдельные компоненты в качестве потенциальных биомаркеров. NETs и их компоненты могут быть привлекательны в качестве терапевтических мишеней. Дальнейшие исследования нейтрофилов и NETs необходимы для разработки новых подходов к диагностике и лечению воспалительных и тромботических состояний. Возможно, давно забытые препараты найдут новую сферу для эффективного применения.

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