Annals of the Russian academy of medical sciencesAnnals of the Russian academy of medical sciencesВестник Российской академии медицинских наук0869-60472414-3545"Paediatrician" Publishers LLC131610.15690/vramn1316РATHOPHYSIOLOGY: CURRENT ISSUESАКТУАЛЬНЫЕ ВОПРОСЫ ПАТОФИЗИОЛОГИИResearch ArticleBrown adipose tissue: features of biology, participation in energy metabolism and obesity (literature review)Бурая жировая ткань: особенности биологии, участие в энергетическом обмене и ожирении (обзор литературы)https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4726-35999239-2428AfanaskinaLiubov N.АфанаскинаЛюбовь Николаевна
Russian Federation

PhD candidate of biological sciences, Docent of the Department of biology and ecology

кандидат биологических наук, доцент, кафедра биологии и экологии

afanln@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-2974-59306525-4040DerevtsovaSvetlana N.ДеревцоваСветлана Николаевна
Russian Federation

MD doctor of medicine, Professor of the Department of human anatomy and histology

д.м.н., доцент, профессор кафедры анатомии и гистологии человека

Derevzova@bk.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-0469-95529456-5564SindeevaLyudmila V.СиндееваЛюдмила Викторовна
Russian Federation

MD doctor of medicine, Professor of the Department of human anatomy and histology

д.м.н., доцент, профессор кафедры анатомии и гистологии человека

lsind@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-4898-51236233-8154HapilinaElena A.ХапилинаЕлена Алексеевна
Russian Federation

PhD candidate of medical sciences, Docent of the Department of human anatomy and histology

к.м.н., доцент, доцент кафедры анатомии и гистологии человека

hapilina_elena@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-7757-66286144-1780MedvedevaNadezhda N.МедведеваНадежда Николаевна
Russian Federation

MD doctor of medicine, Professor, the Head of the Department of anatomy and histology

профессор, зав. кафедрой анатомии и гистологии человека

medvenad@mail.ruKrasnoyarsk State Medical University Named after Professor V.F. Voyno-YasenetskyКрасноярский государственный медицинский университет имени профессора В.Ф. Войно-Ясенецкого21092020141020207543263302003202024082020Copyright ©; 2020, "Paediatrician" Publishers LLCCopyright ©; 2020, Издательство "Педиатръ"2020"Paediatrician" Publishers LLCИздательство "Педиатръ"https://vestnikramn.spr-journal.ru/jour/about/submissionshttps://vestnikramn.spr-journal.ru/jour/article/view/1316

Obesity is one of the most common diseases, the proportion of which is increasing annually today in Russia. Not only adults but also adolescents and children are at risk. Excessive body weight leads to the development of metabolic syndrome and related complications — diseases of the circulatory, musculoskeletal, immune and other systems, to premature aging of the human body. Until this disease has become an epidemic, researchers around the world are trying to find methods to combat it. For these purposes, various types of adipose tissue in the human body, their importance, morphology and biology, the possibility of further use of the results to solve this problem are comprehensively studied.

The article provides an overview of current data on the morphological features of white, brown and beige adipose tissue at the tissue and cellular levels. The importance of specific proteins for the detection of different types of human adipose tissue is described. The biology and physiology of brown adipose tissue, which is of great importance in the implementation of various metabolic processes in the organism, is characterized. The need for further study of the role of brown adipose tissue for its possible promising use in the treatment of obesity is shown.

На сегодняшний день ожирение является одним из самых распространенных заболеваний в Российской Федерации, доля которого ежегодно увеличивается. В группе риска находится не только взрослое, но и подростковое и детское население. Избыточная масса тела приводит к развитию метаболического синдрома и связанных с ним осложнений — заболеваний кровеносной, опорно-двигательной, иммунной и других систем и к преждевременному старению организма человека. Пока данное заболевание не приняло характер эпидемии, исследователи всего мира пытаются найти методы борьбы с ним, для чего всесторонне изучаются разные виды жировой ткани в организме человека, их значение, морфология и биология, возможности дальнейшего использования полученных результатов для решения данной проблемы.

В статье представлен обзор имеющихся современных данных о морфологических особенностях белой, бурой и бежевой жировой ткани на тканевом и клеточном уровнях. Описано значение специфических белков для выявления разных видов жировой ткани человека. Охарактеризованы биология и физиология бурой жировой ткани, имеющей большое значение в осуществлении различных метаболических процессов в организме. Показана необходимость дальнейшего изучения роли бурой жировой ткани для ее возможного перспективного использования в лечении ожирения.

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