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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Annals of the Russian academy of medical sciences</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Annals of the Russian academy of medical sciences</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Вестник Российской академии медицинских наук</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">0869-6047</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2414-3545</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">"Paediatrician" Publishers LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">12460</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15690/vramn12460</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PEDIATRICS: CURRENT ISSUES</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>АКТУАЛЬНЫЕ ВОПРОСЫ ПЕДИАТРИИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">A single-stage population-based study of the prevalence of mild cognitive impairment in children of secondary school age</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Одномоментное популяционное исследование распространенности лёгких когнитивных нарушений у детей среднего школьного возраста</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8540-3858</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">6248-0970</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Karkashadze</surname><given-names>George A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Каркашадзе</surname><given-names>Георгий Арчилович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат медицинских наук</p></bio><email>karkga@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9790-7490</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">5723-4805</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Gogberashvili</surname><given-names>Tinatin Yu.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гогберашвили</surname><given-names>Тинатин Юзовна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD of Psychological Sciences</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат психол. наук</p></bio><email>tinatina2004@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">7971-2040</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Konstantinidi</surname><given-names>Tatiana A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Константиниди</surname><given-names>Татьяна Анатольевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат медицинских наук</p></bio><email>tkonstantinidi@list.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8936-3590</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">1272-7036</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kaytukova</surname><given-names>Elena V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кайтукова</surname><given-names>Елена Владимировна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат медицинских наук</p></bio><email>sunrise_ok@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7398-0562</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">1109-2810</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Vishneva</surname><given-names>Elena A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Вишнёва</surname><given-names>Елена Александровна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD, Professor of the RAS</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор медицинских наук, профессор РАН</p></bio><email>vishneva.e@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6150-0880</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">2954-9873</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Soloshenko</surname><given-names>Margarita A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Солошенко</surname><given-names>Маргарита Александровна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат медицинских наук</p></bio><email>margosoloshenko@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7218-8434</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">9332-5010</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Sergeeva</surname><given-names>Natalia E.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сергеева</surname><given-names>Наталья Евгеньевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>natalia_023@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0317-2425</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">5773-3901</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Efendieva</surname><given-names>Kamilla  E.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Эфендиева</surname><given-names>Камила Евгеньевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат медицинских наук</p></bio><email>kamillaef@inbox.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">5003-3852</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Ustinova</surname><given-names>Natalia  V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Устинова</surname><given-names>Наталья Вячеславовна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор медицинских наук</p></bio><email>ust-doctor@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3197-2879</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">2779-8496</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Pashkov</surname><given-names>Alexander V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пашков</surname><given-names>Александр Владимирович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор медицинских наук</p></bio><email>avpashkov.mail@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6000-5418</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">2581-8021</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Komarova</surname><given-names>Elena V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Комарова</surname><given-names>Елена Владимировна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор медицинских наук</p></bio><email>dr.klv@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4453-8430</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">4456-1297</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Drapkina</surname><given-names>Oksana  M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Драпкина</surname><given-names>Оксана Михайловна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD, Professor, Corresponding Member of the RAS</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор медицинских наук, профессор, член-корреспондент РАН</p></bio><email>ODrapkina@gnicpm.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8984-9056</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">3115-0515</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Shepel</surname><given-names>Ruslan N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шепель</surname><given-names>Руслан Николаевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат медицинских наук</p></bio><email>r.n.shepel@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6032-6286</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">6906-6680</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Mezhidov</surname><given-names>Kazbek S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Межидов</surname><given-names>Казбек Султанович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат медицинских наук</p></bio><email>kmezhidov@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2209-7531</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">1312-2147</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Namazova-Baranova</surname><given-names>Leyla S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Намазова-Баранова</surname><given-names>Лейла Сеймуровна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD, Professor, Academician of the RAS</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор медицинских наук, профессор, академик РАН</p></bio><email>leyla.s.namazova@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Research Institute of Pediatrics and Children’s Health in Petrovsky National Research Centre of Surgery</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">НИИ педиатрии и охраны здоровья детей НКЦ № 2 РНЦХ имени академика Б.В. Петровского</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет имени Н.И. Пирогова</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">National Medical Research Center for Therapy and Preventive Medicine</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр терапии и профилактической медицины</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2023-11-01" publication-format="electronic"><day>01</day><month>11</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>78</volume><issue>4</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>329</fpage><lpage>347</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2023-05-24"><day>24</day><month>05</month><year>2023</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2023-08-28"><day>28</day><month>08</month><year>2023</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2023, "Paediatrician" Publishers LLC</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2023, Издательство "Педиатръ"</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">"Paediatrician" Publishers LLC</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Издательство "Педиатръ"</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" start_date="2024-11-01"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://vestnikramn.spr-journal.ru/jour/about/submissions</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vestnikramn.spr-journal.ru/jour/article/view/12460">https://vestnikramn.spr-journal.ru/jour/article/view/12460</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Background: </bold>Various mild cognitive impairments in children are socially significant disorders that are often found in the practice of pediatric neurologists, but the apparent lack of epidemiological data does not allow us to judge the scale of the problem.<bold> </bold></p> <p><bold>Aims:</bold> The aim of the study was to assess the prevalence of combined mild cognitive disorders in a large cohort of Russian children, 5th grade students at school.</p> <p><bold>Materials and methods:</bold> The results of the examination of Russian schoolchildren of municipalities representing cities of all federal districts of the Russian Federation (RF) are analyzed. Cognitive functions were tested, which consisted of six subtests. According to the results of testing, using the method of assessing cognitive functions in population studies, the frequency of assigning participants to a high-risk group of combined mild cognitive impairment and the probability of diagnosis of combined mild cognitive impairment were evaluated. The analysis of the links between the breadth of results performed at the level of mild cognitive impairment, integrative cognitive success, the results of individual cognitive subtests with academic performance and the leading hand factor was carried out. .</p> <p><bold>Results:</bold> 1,067 5th grade students at school were included in the study, 1,036 participants completed it, 51% of them girls. Belonging to the cluster of integrative cognitive successes and representation of the leading hand had no gender differences, subtests for visual-spatial perception/memory and constructive practice were better performed by boys (p&lt; 0.001 and p = 0.020), and girls, as a rule, performed better subtests for verbal-logical thinking and voluntary activity. attention (p = 0.050 and p = 0.051). According to the results of cognitive testing, a high risk of combined mild cognitive impairment was detected in 30.2% of the examined, and the probability of diagnosis of combined mild cognitive impairment was 7.5%. It was found that of the studied factors, the breadth of the results obtained at the level of moderate cognitive impairment and the effectiveness of the verbal-logical thinking subtest are more related to academic performance. At the same time, the strength of these ties was very moderate. The image of the leading hand was in no way associated with cognitive factors, including academic performance at the level of moderate cognitive impairment, but left-handedness was partially associated with better academic performance in literature.</p> <p><bold>Conclusions: </bold>The results of the study, conducted for the first time on a multi-regional cohort of Russian schoolchildren, demonstrated a wide scale of the potential prevalence of mild cognitive impairment in children, and also revealed a number of patterns in the neurobiology of cognitive development.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Обоснование.</bold> Различные легкие когнитивные нарушения у детей относятся к социально значимым расстройствам, которые часто встречаются в практике детских неврологов, но явный дефицит эпидемиологических данных не позволяет судить о масштабе проблемы.</p> <p><bold>Цель исследования</bold> — оценить распространенность сочетанных легких когнитивных расстройств в крупной когорте российских детей — учащихся 5-х классов.</p> <p><bold>Методы. </bold>Проанализированы результаты обследования российских школьников муниципальных образований, представлявших города всех федеральных округов Российской Федерации. Изучены когнитивные функции, исследование которых включало шесть субтестов. По результатам тестирования с помощью способа оценки когнитивных функций при популяционных исследованиях оценивали частоту отнесения участников к группе высокого риска сочетанных легких когнитивных нарушений и вероятность диагноза сочетанных легких когнитивных нарушений. Проводился анализ связей широты результатов, выполненных на уровне легких когнитивных нарушений, интегративной когнитивной успешности, результатов выполнения отдельных когнитивных субтестов с академической успеваемостью и фактором ведущей руки.</p> <p><bold>Результаты. </bold>В исследование включено 1067 учащихся 5-х классов, завершило его 1036 участников, из них 51% девочек. Принадлежность к кластеру по интегративной когнитивной успешности и представленность ведущей руки не имели половых различий, субтесты на зрительно-пространственное восприятие/память и конструктивный праксис лучше выполняли мальчики (p &lt; 0,001 и p = 0,020 соответственно), а у девочек отмечалась тенденция к лучшему выполнению субтестов на вербально-логическое мышление и произвольное внимание (p = 0,050 и p = 0,051 соответственно). Высокий риск сочетанных легких когнитивных нарушений по результатам когнитивного тестирования определен у 30,2% обследованных, а вероятность диагноза сочетанных легких когнитивных нарушений составила 7,5%. Установлено, что из изучаемых факторов с академической успеваемостью сильнее связаны широта результатов, выполненных на уровне легких когнитивных нарушений, и результативность выполнения субтеста на вербально-логическое мышление. В то же время сила этих связей была весьма умеренной. Представленность ведущей руки никак не была связана с когнитивными факторами, включая результативность на уровне легких когнитивных нарушений, но левшество было связано частично с лучшей успеваемостью по литературе.</p> <p><bold>Заключение. </bold>Результаты исследования впервые на полирегиональной когорте российских школьников продемонстрировали крупный масштаб потенциальной распространенности легких когнитивных нарушений у детей, а также показали ряд закономерностей нейробиологии когнитивного развития.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Cognitive disorders</kwd><kwd>children</kwd><kwd>frequency</kwd><kwd>cognitive functions</kwd><kwd>handedness</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>легкие когнитивные нарушения</kwd><kwd>дети</kwd><kwd>частота</kwd><kwd>когнитивные функции</kwd><kwd>левшество</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Каркашадзе Г.А., Маслова О.И., Намазова-Баранова Л.С. 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