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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Annals of the Russian academy of medical sciences</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Annals of the Russian academy of medical sciences</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Вестник Российской академии медицинских наук</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">0869-6047</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2414-3545</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">"Paediatrician" Publishers LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">12452</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15690/vramn12452</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CARDIOLOGY AND CARDIOVASCULAR SURGERY: CURRENT ISSUES</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>АКТУАЛЬНЫЕ ВОПРОСЫ КАРДИОЛОГИИ И СЕРДЕЧНО-СОСУДИСТОЙ ХИРУРГИИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">The Role of Angiogenesis Mediators in the Mobilization of Early and Late Endothelial Progenitor Cells from the Bone Marrow in Coronary Heart Disease</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Роль медиаторов ангиогенеза в мобилизации ранних и поздних эндотелиальных прогениторных клеток из костного мозга при ишемической болезни сердца</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3468-6154</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Chumakova</surname><given-names>Svetlana P.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чумакова</surname><given-names>Светлана Петровна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD, Associate Professor, Pathophysiology Division </p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., доцент, кафедра патофизиологии</p></bio><email>Chumakova_S@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9457-8879</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Urazova</surname><given-names>Olga I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Уразова</surname><given-names>Ольга Ивановна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD, Professor, Corresponding Member of the RAS, Pathophysiology Division </p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., профессор, член-корреспондент РАН, кафедра патофизиологии </p></bio><email>urazova72@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1956-0692</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Shipulin</surname><given-names>Vladimir M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шипулин</surname><given-names>Владимир Митрофанович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD, Professor, Pathophysiology Division</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., профессор, кафедра патофизиологии</p></bio><email>shipulin@cardio-tomsk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4524-8491</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Denisenko</surname><given-names>Olga A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Денисенко</surname><given-names>Ольга Анатольевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Applicant, Pathophysiology Division</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>соискатель, кафедра патофизиологии </p></bio><email>olga-muraveinik@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1163-3439</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Gladkovskaya</surname><given-names>Margarita V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гладковская</surname><given-names>Маргарита Вадимовна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD Student, Pathophysiology Division </p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>аспирант, кафедра патофизиологии </p></bio><email>gladkovskay0@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4049-8715</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Andreev</surname><given-names>Sergey L.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Андреев</surname><given-names>Сергей Леонидович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.м.н. </p></bio><email>anselen@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1659-8812</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Nevskaya</surname><given-names>Ksenia V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Невская</surname><given-names>Ксения Владимировна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD, Central Research Laboratory </p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.м.н., центральная научно-исследовательская лаборатория </p></bio><email>nevskayaksenia@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7156-2471</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kolobovnikova</surname><given-names>Yulia V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Колобовникова</surname><given-names>Юлия Владимировна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD, Associate Professor, Pathophysiology Division, Normal Physiology Division </p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н, доцент, кафедра патофизиологии, кафедра нормальной физиологии </p></bio><email>kolobovnikova.julia@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Siberian State Medical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Сибирский государственный медицинский университет</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Cardiology Research Institute of the Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Научно-исследовательский институт кардиологии — филиал Томского национального исследовательского медицинского центра Российской академии наук</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2023-12-23" publication-format="electronic"><day>23</day><month>12</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>78</volume><issue>6</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>549</fpage><lpage>559</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2023-05-25"><day>25</day><month>05</month><year>2023</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2023-12-01"><day>01</day><month>12</month><year>2023</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2023, "Paediatrician" Publishers LLC</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2023, Издательство "Педиатръ"</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">"Paediatrician" Publishers LLC</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Издательство "Педиатръ"</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" start_date="2025-03-01"/></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vestnikramn.spr-journal.ru/jour/article/view/12452">https://vestnikramn.spr-journal.ru/jour/article/view/12452</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Background. </bold>A severe form of coronary heart disease (CHD) is ischemic cardiomyopathy (ICMP), the pathogenesis of which has not been fully studied. Disturbances in the mobilization of endothelial progenitor cells (EPC) due to an imbalance of angiogenesis mediators may exacerbate ischemia in ICMP. <bold>The aim </bold>— to establish the peculiarities of changes in the balance of early and late EPС and subpopulations of VEGFR2<sup>+</sup> cells in the blood and bone marrow in relation to the content of angiogenesis mediators and the number of desquamated endothelial cells (DEK) in the blood of patients with CHD, suffering and not suffering from ICMP. <bold>Methods. </bold>A single-stage, clinical, controlled (case-control) study was conducted from March 2019 to June 2022. 52 patients with CHD who had a history of myocardial infarction were examined: 30 people suffering from ICMP and 22 people not suffering from ICMP, as well as 15 healthy donors. The content of VEGFR2<sup>+</sup>, VEGFR2<sup>+</sup>CD34<sup>+</sup>CD14<sup>+</sup> (early EPC), VEGFR2<sup>+</sup>CD34<sup>+</sup>CD14<sup>–</sup> (late EPC), VEGFR2<sup>+</sup>CD34<sup>–</sup>CD14<sup>+</sup>, VEGFR2<sup>+</sup>CD34<sup>–</sup>CD14<sup>–</sup> cells in patients with CHD in the blood (before surgery) and bone marrow (sampling was performed at the beginning of coronary bypass) and in healthy individuals in the blood, as well as (in both groups) the content of CD45<sup>–</sup>CD146<sup>+</sup> DEC in the blood was determined by flow cytometry. The concentration of SDF-1, VEGF-A, MCP-1, GM-CSF, G-CSF in blood plasma was measured by multiplex immunofluorescence analysis. <bold>Results.</bold> The development of CHD without cardiomyopathy was accompanied by an increase in the content of VEGFR2<sup>+</sup>CD34<sup>+</sup>CD14<sup>+ </sup>and VEGFR2<sup>+</sup> cells (0.74 [0.46; 1.23]% and 10.00 [8.20; 11.60]%, respectively, versus 0.19 [0.13; 0.32]%, p &lt; 0.001 and 5.40 [4.30; 6.50]%, p = 0.005) and concentrations of SDF-1, MCP-1, GM-CSF (respectively 60.00 [50.00; 81.00] pg/ml; 223.0 [180.0; 297.0] pg/ml; 2.10 [1.45; 3.40] pg/ml versus 30.00 [5.00; 45.00] pg/ml, p = 0.041; 175.1 [140.0; 204.0] pg/ml, p = 0.046; 0.96 [0.46; 1.41] pg/ml, p = 0.038) in the blood relative to the norm. No such changes were observed in patients with ICMP. Regardless of the presence of ICMP, the content of VEGFR2<sup>+</sup>CD34<sup>+</sup>CD14<sup>–</sup>, VEGFR2<sup>+</sup>CD34<sup>–</sup>CD14<sup>+</sup>, VEGFR2<sup>+</sup>CD34<sup>–</sup>CD14<sup>–</sup> cells, VEGF-A, G-CSF in the blood of patients with CHD varied within physiological values, and the number of DEC exceeded the norm (7.26 [5.43; 17.94]×10<sup>5</sup>/l, p = 0.039). The number of VEGFR2<sup>+</sup> cells and their immunophenotypes in the bone marrow of patients with ICMP did not differ from the parameters in patients with CHD without cardiomyopathy. Prolonged bleeding from the venopuncture area was registered in one CHD patient without cardiomyopathy. <bold>Conclusion. </bold>The development of ICMP is associated with the absence of a compensatory response to atherogenesis in the form of increased mobilization of early EPC from the bone marrow due to the absence of a reaction associated with hyperproduction of SDF-1, MCP-1, GM-CSF, which is characteristic of CHD without cardiomyopathy. The content of EPС, VEGFR2<sup>+</sup>CD34<sup>–</sup>CD14<sup>+</sup> and VEGFR2<sup>+</sup>CD34<sup>–</sup>CD14<sup>–</sup> cells, VEGF-A and G-CSF in the blood in СHD corresponds to physiological values, regardless of the presence of ICMP. The generation of EPC in the bone marrow in ICMP is not impaired.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Обоснование.</bold> Тяжелой формой ишемической болезни сердца (ИБС) является ишемическая кардиомиопатия (ИКМП), патогенез которой до конца не изучен. Нарушения мобилизации эндотелиальных прогениторных клеток (ЭПК) вследствие бисбаланса медиаторов ангиогенеза могут усугублять ишемию при ИКМП. <bold>Цель исследования</bold> — установить особенности изменения баланса ранних и поздних ЭПК и субпопуляций VEGFR2<sup>+ </sup>клеток в крови и костном мозге во взаимосвязи с содержанием медиаторов ангиогенеза и численностью десквамированных эндотелиальных клеток в крови у больных ИБС, страдающих и не страдающих ИКМП. <bold>Методы.</bold> Проведено одномоментное, клиническое, контролируемое (случай–контроль) исследование с марта 2019 по июнь 2022 г. Обследовано 52 больных ИБС, имевших инфаркт миокарда в анамнезе: 30 человек, страдающих ИКМП, и 22 человека, не страдающих ИКМП, а также 15 здоровых доноров. Содержание VEGFR2<sup>+</sup>, VEGFR2<sup>+</sup>CD34<sup>+</sup>CD14<sup>+</sup> (ранних ЭПК), VEGFR2<sup>+</sup>CD34<sup>+</sup>CD14<sup>–</sup> (поздних ЭПК), VEGFR2<sup>+</sup>CD34<sup>–</sup>CD14<sup>+</sup>, VEGFR2<sup>+</sup>CD34<sup>–</sup>CD14<sup>–</sup> клеток у больных ИБС в крови (до операции) и костном мозге (забор производился в начале коронарного шунтирования) и у здоровых лиц в крови, а также (в обеих группах) содержание CD45<sup>–</sup>CD146<sup>+</sup> десквамированных эндотелиальных клеток в крови определяли методом проточной цитофлуориметрии. Концентрацию SDF-1, VEGF-A, МСР-1, GM-CSF, G-CSF в плазме крови измеряли методом мультиплексного иммунофлуоресцентного анализа. <bold>Результаты.</bold> Развитие ИБС без кардиомиопатии сопровождалось увеличением относительно нормы содержания VEGFR2<sup>+</sup>CD34<sup>+</sup>CD14<sup>+</sup> и VEGFR2<sup>+ </sup>клеток (соответственно 0,74 [0,46; 1,23]% и 10,00 [8,20; 11,60]% против 0,19 [0,13; 0,32]%, р &lt; 0,001, и 5,40 [4,30; 6,50]%, р = 0,005) и концентрации SDF-1, МСР-1, GM-CSF (соответственно 60,00 [50,00; 81,00]; 223,0 [180,0; 297,0]; 2,10 [1,45; 3,40] пг/мл против 30,00 [5,00; 45,00] пг/мл, р = 0,041; 175,1 [140,0; 204,0] пг/мл, р = 0,046; 0,96 [0,46;1,41] пг/мл, р = 0,038) в крови. У пациентов с ИКМП такого рода изменения не отмечались. Вне зависимости от наличия ИКМП содержание VEGFR2<sup>+</sup>CD34<sup>+</sup>CD14<sup>–</sup>, VEGFR2<sup>+</sup>CD34<sup>–</sup>CD14<sup>+</sup>, VEGFR2<sup>+</sup>CD34<sup>–</sup>CD14<sup>–</sup> клеток, VEGF-A, G-CSF в крови у больных ИБС варьировало в пределах физиологических значений, а численность десквамированных эндотелиальных клеток превышала норму (7,26 [5,43; 17,94] × 10<sup>5</sup>/л, р = 0,039). Количество VEGFR2<sup>+ </sup>клеток и их иммунофенотипов в костном мозге у пациентов с ИКМП не отличалось от этого параметра у больных ИБС без кардиомиопатии. У одного больного ИБС без кардиомиопатии зарегистрировано пролонгированное кровотечение из области венопункции. <bold>Заключение. </bold>Развитие ИКМП ассоциировано с отсутствием компенсаторного ответа на атерогенез в форме усиления мобилизации ранних ЭПК из костного мозга вследствие отсутствия реакции, связанной с гиперпродукцией SDF-1, МСР-1, GM-CSF, которая характерна для ИБС без кардиомиопатии. Содержание ЭПК, VEGFR2<sup>+</sup>CD34<sup>–</sup>CD14<sup>+</sup> и VEGFR2<sup>+</sup>CD34<sup>–</sup>CD14<sup>– </sup>клеток, VEGF-A и G-CSF в крови при ИБС соответствует физиологическим значениям вне зависимости от наличия ИКМП. Генерация ЭПК в костном мозге при ИКМП не нарушена.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>coronary heart disease</kwd><kwd>cytokines</kwd><kwd>angiogenesis</kwd><kwd>hypoxia</kwd><kwd>endothelial progenitor cells</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>ишемическая болезнь сердца</kwd><kwd>цитокины</kwd><kwd>ангиогенез</kwd><kwd>гипоксия</kwd><kwd>эндотелиальные прогениторные клетки</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><award-group><funding-source><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="ru">Российский научный фонд</institution></institution-wrap><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="en">Russian Science Foundation</institution></institution-wrap></funding-source><award-id>22-25-20038</award-id></award-group><award-group><funding-source><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="ru">Администрации Томской области</institution></institution-wrap><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="en">Administration of the Tomsk Region</institution></institution-wrap></funding-source></award-group></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Del Buono MG, Moroni F, Montone RA, et al. 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