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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Annals of the Russian academy of medical sciences</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Annals of the Russian academy of medical sciences</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Вестник Российской академии медицинских наук</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">0869-6047</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2414-3545</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">"Paediatrician" Publishers LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">1244</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15690/vramn1244</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>NEUROLOGY AND NEUROSURGERY: CURRENT ISSUES</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>АКТУАЛЬНЫЕ ВОПРОСЫ НЕВРОЛОГИИ И НЕЙРОХИРУРГИИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Metabolic disorders in the pathogenesis of various causes of dizziness and instability</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Нарушения метаболизма в патогенезе различных причин головокружения и неустойчивости</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1570-6607</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">1533-6140</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Bedenko</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Беденко</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD Student</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>аспирантка</p></bio><email>mailanna91@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4400-8632</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="scopus">57193795209</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">2700-0886</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Antonenko</surname><given-names>L. М.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Антоненко</surname><given-names>Л. М.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD, Professor </p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., профессор </p></bio><email>luda6917@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7146-2024</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">7128-2196</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Barinov</surname><given-names>A. N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Баринов</surname><given-names>А. Н.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.м.н.</p></bio><email>mmom-mc@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет имени И.М. Сеченова</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2020-12-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>12</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>75</volume><issue>6</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>605</fpage><lpage>608</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2019-11-13"><day>13</day><month>11</month><year>2019</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2020-12-23"><day>23</day><month>12</month><year>2020</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2020, "Paediatrician" Publishers LLC</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2020, Издательство "Педиатръ"</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">"Paediatrician" Publishers LLC</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Издательство "Педиатръ"</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" start_date="2022-02-05"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://vestnikramn.spr-journal.ru/jour/about/submissions</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vestnikramn.spr-journal.ru/jour/article/view/1244">https://vestnikramn.spr-journal.ru/jour/article/view/1244</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><italic>Dizziness and instability are topical problem in the neurological practice. This health condition invades up to thirty percent of the whole population. However, pathogenic factors of development and tendency to chronic process of these nosological conditions are still poorly researched. The investigation of new pathogenic factors, including metabolic factors, is proceeding. The greatest amount of research was collected for benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV). The hypothesis of coincidence between BPPV, vitamin D deficiency and osteoporosis was created in 2003. However, the results are controversial. The complex of perfomed investigations let suspect vitamin D deficiency as biomarker of osteoporosis/osteopenia. But some other research works failed to support this conclusion. In some investigations the vitamin D deficiency as factor of recurrence of BPPV was discussed. The new hypothesis was correlation between otoneurological disorders and vitamin D deficiemcy due to it’s immunomodulation ability was proposed. Considerable part of the article deals with problem of endothelial dysfunction. The data about correlation between oxidative stress and BPPV was published, as far as the data about impact of hypehomocysteinemia to retardation of compensation for vestibular neuritis.</italic></p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><italic>Головокружение и неустойчивость являются актуальной проблемой в практике невролога, по различным данным около 30% населения обращается к врачам с этими жалобами. Однако патогенетические факторы развития и хронизации данных состояний остаются до конца неизученными. Идет поиск новых факторов патогенеза, в том числе метаболических, изучаются нейрохимические и нейромедиаторные особенности функционирования вестибулярной системы. В настоящее время проведены исследования, выявившие дефицит витамина </italic><italic>D</italic> <italic>при поражении вестибулярного анализатора на различных уровнях, сформулирована гипотеза о взаимосвязи между развитием доброкачественного пароксизмального позиционного головокружения (ДППГ), дефицитом витамина </italic><italic>D</italic> <italic>и остеопорозом. Проведен ряд исследований, показывающих увеличение частоты развития ДППГ у пациентов с остеопорозом/остеопенией, а также значение дефицита витамина </italic><italic>D</italic> <italic>как фактора рецидивирования ДППГ. В настоящее время обсуждается значение дефицита витамина </italic><italic>D</italic> <italic>при широк</italic><italic>o</italic><italic>м спектре отоневрологических расстройств в связи с его плейотропными иммуномодулирующими эффектами. Важное значение имеет выявление связи эндотелиальной дисфункции и поражения вестибулярной системы. Обсуждается влияние гипергомоцистеинемии на компенсаторные возможности вестибулярной системы.</italic></p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>vertigo</kwd><kwd>dizziness</kwd><kwd>instability</kwd><kwd>vitamin D deficiency</kwd><kwd>hyperhomocysteinemia</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>головокружение</kwd><kwd>неустойчивость</kwd><kwd>дефицит витамина Д</kwd><kwd>гипергомоцистеинемия</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Кадыкова А.С., Манвелова Л.С., Шведкова В.В. (ред.). Практическая неврология: руководство для врачей. — М.: ГЭОТАР-Медиа, 2014. — С. 36–52. [Kadykova AS, Manvelova LS, Shvedkova VV (red.). Prakticheskaya nevrologia: rukovodstvo dlya vrachey. Moscow: GEOTAR-Media; 2014. S. 36–52. (In Russ.)]</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>Parfenov VA, Golyk VA, Matsnev EI, et al. 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