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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Annals of the Russian academy of medical sciences</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Annals of the Russian academy of medical sciences</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Вестник Российской академии медицинских наук</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">0869-6047</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2414-3545</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">"Paediatrician" Publishers LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">1217</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15690/vramn1217</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PHTHISIOLOGY: CURRENT ISSUES</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>АКТУАЛЬНЫЕ ВОПРОСЫ ФТИЗИАТРИИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Prevalence of polymorphisms in N-acetyltransferase 2 gene among patients of Yakut ethnicity newly diagnosed with pulmonary tuberculosis</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Распространенность полиморфизмов гена N-ацетилтрансферазы 2 среди пациентов якутской национальности с впервые выявленным туберкулезом органов дыхания</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4811-7801</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">8703-8169</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Krasnova</surname><given-names>Nataliya M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Краснова</surname><given-names>Наталия Михайловна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.м.н.</p></bio><email>krasnova14@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6116-5720</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">8918-7035</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Alekseeva</surname><given-names>Elizaveta A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Алексеева</surname><given-names>Елизавета Александровна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>biologist</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>биолог </p></bio><email>elizavetaalal@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8212-0150</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">4930-4297</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Rudykh</surname><given-names>Zoya A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рудых</surname><given-names>Зоя Александровна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>clinical pharmacologist</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>клинический фармаколог</p></bio><email>vitae003@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0941-8633</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">8485-9530</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Chertovskykh</surname><given-names>Yana V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чертовских</surname><given-names>Яна Валерьевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>clinical pharmacologist, Head of the Center for Personalized Medicine</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>клинический фармаколог, руководитель Центра персонализированной медицины </p></bio><email>yana_chertovski@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2746-0608</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">2635-0865</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Klimova</surname><given-names>Tatiana M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Климова</surname><given-names>Татьяна Михайловна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD, associate professor of the Department for pharmacology and pharmacy, Medical Institute</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат медицинских наук, доцент кафедры фармакологии и фармации Медицинского института</p></bio><email>biomedykt@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6934-2971</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">3688-9742</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Efremova</surname><given-names>Efrosiniya N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ефремова</surname><given-names>Ефросинья Николаевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>TB clinician</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>врач-фтизиатр</p></bio><email>efremovaen@tub.ykt.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9210-3407</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">3188-6796</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kravchenko</surname><given-names>Aleksandr F.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кравченко</surname><given-names>Александр Федорович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD, Professor, Director </p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор медицинских наук, директор </p></bio><email>kravchenkoaf@tub.ykt.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2910-1895</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Val</surname><given-names>Natalia S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Валь</surname><given-names>Наталья Семеновна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD, Deputy director for medical service</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат медицинских наук, заместитель директора по медицинской части</p></bio><email>yniit@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9661-7213</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Suvorova</surname><given-names>Olga A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Суворова</surname><given-names>Ольга Александровна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>olga.a.suvorova@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff5"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3176-2716</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">9047-1399</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Suleymanov</surname><given-names>Salavat Sh.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сулейманов</surname><given-names>Салават Шейхович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD, Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор медицинских наук, профессор </p></bio><email>suleymanov-sh@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff6"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5094-3742</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">8818-0543</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Vengerovsky</surname><given-names>Aleksandr I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Венгеровский</surname><given-names>Александр Исаакович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD, Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., профессор</p></bio><email>pharm-sibgmu@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff7"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4496-3680</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">4525-7556</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Sychev</surname><given-names>Dmitry A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сычев</surname><given-names>Дмитрий Алексеевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD, Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., профессор, член-корр. РАН</p></bio><email>dmitrysychevrmapo@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff5"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">M.K. Ammosov North-Eastern Federal University, Medical Institute</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Медицинский институт ФГАОУ ВО «Северо-Восточный федеральный университет имени М.К. Аммосова»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Republican Hospital no. 3, Center for Personalized Medicine</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Центр персонализированной медицины ГАУ Республика Саха (Якутия) «Республиканская клиническая больница № 3»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Republican Hospital no. 3, Center for Personalized Medicine, Yakutsk, Russia</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Центр персонализированной медицины ГАУ Республика Саха (Якутия) «Республиканская клиническая больница № 3»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff4"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Phthisiatry Research-Practice Center</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Научно-практический центр «Фтизиатрия»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff5"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff6"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">SAIKO Russian-Japanese Medical Center</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Российско-японский медицинский центр «САИКО»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff7"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Siberian State Medical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Сибирский государственный медицинский университет</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2020-06-18" publication-format="electronic"><day>18</day><month>06</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>75</volume><issue>2</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>154</fpage><lpage>161</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2019-10-04"><day>04</day><month>10</month><year>2019</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2020-04-26"><day>26</day><month>04</month><year>2020</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2020, "Paediatrician" Publishers LLC</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2020, Издательство "Педиатръ"</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">"Paediatrician" Publishers LLC</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Издательство "Педиатръ"</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" start_date="2021-06-18"/></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vestnikramn.spr-journal.ru/jour/article/view/1217">https://vestnikramn.spr-journal.ru/jour/article/view/1217</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Background.</bold> Tuberculosis therapy can lead to considerably dissimilar outcomes among individual patients. Some patients benefit from anti-tuberculosis chemotherapy leading to a desired therapeutic effect, while other patients show insufficient or absent response, or develop adverse side effects. Individual response to isoniazid is affected by mutations in the gene encoding N-acetyltransferase 2 (NAT2). Wide variations were observed in distributions of polymorphic NAT2 alleles in human populations depending on race, ethnicity, or geographical origin. No data are available to date on prevalence of NAT2 gene polymorphic variants and acetylation types in Yakut (Sakha) patients with newly diagnosed pulmonary tuberculosis.</p> <p><bold>Aims:</bold> the frequencies of NAT2 polymorphic SNPs as well isoniazid acetylation phenotypes were evaluated in the patient’s cohort of Yakut ethnicity with newly diagnosed pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB). The comparison with, other ethnic groups of Asian origin was done.</p> <p><bold>Methods.</bold> Cross-sectional study was conducted among Yakut patient cohorts with newly identified pulmonary tuberculosis. Using real-time PCR the following SNPs were explored: NAT2*5 (rs1801280, Т341С), NAT2*6 (rs1799930, G590A), NAT2*7 (rs1799931, G857A), NAT2*11 (rs1799929, C481T), NAT2*12 (rs1208, A803G), NAT2*13 (rs1041983, C282T). Genetically determined metabolic rates were calculated using NATpred online tool.</p> <p><bold>Results.</bold> NAT2 SNPs were assessed, namely *5, *6, *7, *11, *12, and *13. The most frequent in Yakut patients were NAT2*6 and NAT2*13 SNPs (40.9% and 64.4%, respectively). Significant differences were detected in frequencies of NAT2 *5, *11, *12 polymorphisms; all studied NAT2 gene polymorphisms showed meaningful differences in genotype and minor allele prevalence rates after comparison between Yakut population and other Mongoloid ethnic groups (populations of China, Japan, Vietnam). High prevalence of intermediate acetylation type among ethnic Yakuts (58.3%) was established.</p> <p><bold>Conclusions.</bold> Certain distinct differences in allelic variants of NAT2 gene and acetylation type prevalence in patients of Yakut ethnic origin newly diagnosed with pulmonary tuberculosis let conclude that the existing genotyping and phenotyping data from studies among other Mongoloid populations cannot be implicitly extrapolated on Yakut people. Pharmacogenetic data on individual response to drugs in Yakut patients should be made use of in clinical practice, to develop personalized isoniazid administration algorithms, with a final goal to make treatment more effective and safe.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Обоснование. </bold>Результаты лечения туберкулеза могут значительно отличаться у отдельных больных. У одних пациентов противотуберкулезная химиотерапия позволяет достичь желаемого терапевтического эффекта, у других она проявляется недостаточным ответом или его отсутствием, развитием нежелательных побочных реакций. Индивидуальная восприимчивость организма человека к действию изониазида обусловлена мутацией гена N-ацетилтрансферазы 2 (NAT2). Распределение полиморфных аллелей NAT2 широко варьирует в зависимости от расового, географического и этнического происхождения. В настоящее время отсутствуют сведения о распространенности полиморфных вариантов гена NAT2 и типов ацетилирования у пациентов якутской национальности с впервые выявленным туберкулезом органов дыхания.</p> <p><bold>Цель исследования</bold> ― оценить вариабельность гена NAT2 и определить фенотипы ацетилирования изониазида у пациентов якутской национальности с впервые выявленным туберкулезом органов дыхания в сравнении с нормальной изменчивостью полиморфных вариантов гена в этнических группах азиатского происхождения.</p> <p><bold>Методы. </bold>Одномоментное обсервационное выборочное исследование проведено среди пациентов якутской национальности с впервые выявленным туберкулезом органов дыхания. Методом полимеразной цепной реакции в режиме реального времени исследован ряд однонуклеотидных полиморфизмов NAT2*5 (rs1801280, Т341С), NAT2*6 (rs1799930, G590A), NAT2*7 (rs1799931, G857A), NAT2*11 (rs1799929, C481T), NAT2*12 (rs1208, A803G), NAT2*13 (rs1041983, C282T). Генетически детерминированную скорость метаболизма рассчитывали с помощью онлайн-калькулятора NATpred.</p> <p><bold>Результаты.</bold> Среди изученных однонуклеотидных полиморфизмов, расположенных в гене NAT2, наиболее частыми для якутов оказались варианты NAT2*6 и NAT2*13 с частотой встречаемости 40,9 и 64,4% соответственно. Для анализируемой выборки якутов показаны статистически значимые различия в частоте встречаемости аллельных вариантов полиморфизмов NAT2*5, *11, *12 в сравнении другими популяциями азиатского происхождения (Китая, Японии, Вьетнама). Установлена бо`льшая распространенность промежуточного типа ацетилирования (58,3%) среди этнических якутов.</p> <p><bold>Заключение. </bold>Особенности распределения аллельных вариантов однонуклеотидных полиморфизмов гена NAT2 и типов ацетилирования изониазида среди пациентов якутской национальности с впервые выявленным туберкулезом органов дыхания свидетельствуют о невозможности экстраполяции данных других популяций азиатского происхождения на группу якутской национальности. Данные фармакогенетического исследования по определению индивидуальной чувствительности к лекарственным средствам у якутов необходимо учитывать в клинической практике для разработки алгоритмов персонализированного применения изониазида, что позволит повысить эффективность и безопасность лечения туберкулеза.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>yakut</kwd><kwd>tuberculosis</kwd><kwd>isoniazid</kwd><kwd>pharmacogenetics</kwd><kwd>single-nucleotide polymorphism</kwd><kwd>human NAT2 protein</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>якуты</kwd><kwd>туберкулез</kwd><kwd>изониазид</kwd><kwd>фармакогенетика</kwd><kwd>полиморфизм</kwd><kwd>NAT2</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><award-group><funding-source><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="ru">ГАУ РС(Я) «Республиканская клиническая больница № 3» Министерства здравоохранения Республики Саха (Якутия)</institution></institution-wrap><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="en">Republican Hospital no. 3, Center for Personalized Medicine</institution></institution-wrap></funding-source><award-id>Array</award-id></award-group></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>https://mednet.ru/. 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