Annals of the Russian academy of medical sciencesAnnals of the Russian academy of medical sciences0869-60472414-3545"Paediatrician" Publishers LLC119610.15690/vramn1196Research ArticleThe lasers in urologyEnikeevDmitry V.<p>MD, PhD</p>katyalaukhtina@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-7169-2209LaughtinEkaterina А.katyalaukhtina@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-8953-0272ArshievMagomed R.arshmag10@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-6625-5901TaratkinMark S.marktaratkin@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-4369-173XAlyaevYuri G.<p>MD, PhD, Professor</p>ugalyaev@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-2937-0983RapoportLeonid M.<p>MD, PhD, Professor</p>leonidrapoport@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-7787-1240GlybochkoPetr V.<p>MD, PhD, Professor</p>rektorat@mma.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-5541-2251I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)180620207521621680509201923042020Copyright © 2020, "Paediatrician" Publishers LLC2020<p>A very rapid development of laser technology lead to the fact that many of them have already replaced surgeons with their usual scalpel. Laser technology has taken a place among the methods of treatment of various urological diseases. The features of the physical effect of laser exposure make it possible to characterize laser surgery as safe for the patient and convenient for the doctor. Therefore, along with the improvement of old laser devices, also the development and testing of new ones is constantly carried out. Nowadays the most commonly used lasers in urology are Nd:YAG, Greenlight, diode, Ho:YAG, Tm:YAG lasers and novel thulium fiber laser (TFL). Laser technology is taking place among the recommended methods for the diagnosis and treatment of various urological diseases, such as benign prostatic hyperplasia, urolithiasis, and bladder tumors. The aim of our review was to talk about laser devices that have already taken a place in the arsenal of urologist and about the most interesting developments in the field of laser surgery.</p>lithotripsylaserBPHkidneybladderлазердоброкачественная гиперплазия предстательной железылазерная энуклеациялитотрипсияопухоль мочевого пузыря[Gross AJ, Herrmann TR. History of lasers. World J Urol. 2007;25(3):217−220. doi: 10.1007/s00345-007-0173-8.][Schawlow AL. Facts. Nobel Media AB 2014 [cited 2017 4 Jan 2017]. Available from: http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/physics/laureates/1981/schawlow-facts.html.][Geusic JE, Marcos HM, van Uitert LG. Laser oscilations in Nd-doped yttrium aluminium, yttrium gallium and gadolinium garnets. 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