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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Annals of the Russian academy of medical sciences</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Annals of the Russian academy of medical sciences</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Вестник Российской академии медицинских наук</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">0869-6047</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2414-3545</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">"Paediatrician" Publishers LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">1173</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15690/vramn1173</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ANDROLOGY: CURRENT ISSUES</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>АКТУАЛЬНЫЕ ВОПРОСЫ АНДРОЛОГИИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">The risk of sperm demage in men with the combined effect of endocrine disruptors</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Риск фрагментации ДНК сперматозоидов у мужчин при совместном воздействии эндокринных дизрапторов</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7072-8289</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">2278-8992</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Chigrinets</surname><given-names>Stanislav V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чигринец</surname><given-names>Станислав Владимирович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>graduate student of the Department of Histology, Embryology and Cytology; doctor o f the infertility treatment center </p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>аспирант кафедры гистологии, эмбриологии и цитологии; врач центра лечения бесплодия</p></bio><email>chigrinstas@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3898-766X</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">7691-8383</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Brukhin</surname><given-names>Gennadiy V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Брюхин</surname><given-names>Геннадий Васильевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD, Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., профессор</p></bio><email>bgenvas@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">South-Ural State Medical University of Russian Ministry of Health</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Южно-Уральский государственный медицинский университет Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">DNK Clinic</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ООО «ДНК Клиника»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2019-09-18" publication-format="electronic"><day>18</day><month>09</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2019-10-05" publication-format="electronic"><day>05</day><month>10</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>74</volume><issue>4</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>229</fpage><lpage>234</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2019-07-30"><day>30</day><month>07</month><year>2019</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2019-09-03"><day>03</day><month>09</month><year>2019</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2019, "Paediatrician" Publishers LLC</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2019, Издательство "Педиатръ"</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">"Paediatrician" Publishers LLC</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Издательство "Педиатръ"</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" start_date="2020-10-05"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://vestnikramn.spr-journal.ru/jour/about/submissions</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vestnikramn.spr-journal.ru/jour/article/view/1173">https://vestnikramn.spr-journal.ru/jour/article/view/1173</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Background</bold>: The most frequent ultrastructural change in sperm cells is nuclear DNA fragmentation. Many authors believe that DNA damage to sperm cells can serve as a diagnostic marker of a negative paternal effect in the pre-implantation period of human development. A number of studies have shown a direct correlation between the high percentage of sperm DNA damage and the frequency of spontaneous abortions. On the other hand, it is known that the damaging effect of endocrine disruptors, for example, triclosan and bisphenol A, is based on their ability to induce oxidative stress, which is considered as one of the factors in cell DNA damage.</p> <p><bold>Aims</bold>: to assess the risk of sperm DNA fragmentation in men with the combined effect of bisphenol A, triclosan and 4-nonylphenol in seminal fluid.</p> <p><bold>Materials and methods</bold>: 84 samples of seminal fluid of men with normo-and patozoospermia were studied. The concentration of bisphenol A, triclosan and 4-nonylphenol in gas was determined by gas chromatography with mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The comparison groups were divided according to the degree of DNA fragmentation of spermatozoa into two groups: the 1st group of patients with DNA fragmentation of spermatozoa &lt;15% (n=18) and the 2nd group ≥15% (n=29). The spermiological study was carried out according to the WHO recommendations (2010) taking into account the assessment of the number of spermatozoa, their motility and morphology, as well as the degree of fragmentation of the sperm DNA.</p> <p><bold>Results</bold>: Bisphenol A was found in 100% of the ejaculate samples with a median concentration of 0.150 ng/ml. Triclosan and 4-nonylphenol were detected in 84.3 and 98.1% of ejaculate samples with a median concentration of 0.11 and 0.16 ng/ml respectively. Comparison groups were statistically significantly distinguished by the concentration of bisphenol A and triclosan — p=0.014; p&lt;0.001 respectively. Triclosan with an increase in concentration in seminal fluid by 0.1 ng/ml increased the chance of development of the degree of DNA fragmentation ≥15% by 2.9 times. The odds ratio of bisphenol A and 4-nonylphenol to DNA damage was not statistically significant. The prognostic model of the joint effect of endocrine disruptors on DNA damage, constructed using multiple logistic regression analysis, was also found to be statistically significant only with respect to the effect of triclosan.</p> <p><bold>Conclusions</bold>: The risk of damage to sperm DNA in men is primarily associated with the effect of triclosan in seminal fluid. At the same time, it is necessary to assume the absence of a synergistic effect of bisphenol A, triclosan and 4-nonylphenol on the DNA damage of spermatozoa in men.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Обоснование</bold>. Наиболее частым ультраструктурным изменением сперматозоидов является фрагментация ядерной ДНК. Многие авторы считают, что повреждения ДНК сперматозоидов могут служить диагностическим маркером негативного отцовского эффекта в предымплантационный период развития человека. Ряд исследований показали прямую зависимость между высоким процентом повреждений ДНК сперматозоидов и частотой спонтанных абортов. С другой стороны, известно, что в основе повреждающего действия эндокринных дизрапторов, например триклозана и бисфенола А, лежит их способность индуцировать окислительный стресс, который рассматривается одним из факторов повреждения ДНК клеток.</p> <p><bold>Цель исследования</bold> ― оценить риск фрагментации ДНК сперматозоидов у мужчин при совместном влиянии бисфенола А, триклозана и 4-нонилфенола в семенной жидкости.</p> <p><bold>Методы</bold>. Исследовано 84 образца семенной жидкости мужчин с нормо- и патозооспермией. В семенной жидкости определялись концентрации бисфенола А, триклозана и 4-нонилфенола методом газовой хроматографии с масс-спектрометрией (GC-MS). Для проведения сравнительного анализа пациенты были разделены по степени фрагментации ДНК сперматозоидов на две группы — с ДНК-фрагментацией сперматозоидов &lt;15% (n=18) и ≥15% (n=29). Спермиологическое исследование проводилось согласно рекомендациям Всемирной организации здравоохранения (2010) с учетом оценки количества, подвижности и морфологии сперматозоидов, а также степени фрагментации ДНК сперматозоидов.</p> <p><bold>Результаты</bold>. Бисфенол А, триклозан и 4-нонилфенол были обнаружены в 100; 84,3 и 98,1% образцов эякулята со срединной концентрацией 0,150; 0,11 и 0,16 нг/мл соответственно. Группы сравнения были статистически значимо различимы по концентрации бисфенола А и триклозана — р=0,014 и р&lt;0,001 соответственно. Триклозан при увеличении концентрации в семенной жидкости на 0,1 нг/мл повышал шанс развития степени ДНК-фрагментации ≥15% в 2,9 раза. Отношение шансов бисфенола А и 4-нонилфенола на повреждение ДНК оказались статистически незначимыми. Прогностическая модель совместного влияния эндокринных дизрапторов на повреждение ДНК, построенная с помощью анализа множественной логистической регрессии, также оказалась статистически значимой только в отношении влияния триклозана.</p> <p><bold>Заключение</bold>. Риск повреждения ДНК сперматозоидов у мужчин связан в первую очередь с влиянием триклозана в семенной жидкости. Вместе с этим следует предположить отсутствие синергического эффекта бисфенола А, триклозана и 4-нонилфенола на повреждение ДНК сперматозоидов у мужчин.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>DNA fragmentation</kwd><kwd>endocrine disruptors</kwd><kwd>bisphenol A</kwd><kwd>triclosan</kwd><kwd>4-nonylphenol</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>ДНК-фрагментация</kwd><kwd>эндокринные дизрапторы</kwd><kwd>бисфенол А</kwd><kwd>триклозан</kwd><kwd>4-нонилфенол</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><award-group><award-id></award-id></award-group></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Бесплодный брак. Версии и контраверсии / Под ред. В.Е. Радзинского. — М.: ГЭОТАР-Медиа; 2018. — 404 с. [Besplodnyi brak. Versii i kontraversii. Ed by V.E. Radzinskii. Moscow: GEOTAR-Media; 2018. 404 р. 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