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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Annals of the Russian academy of medical sciences</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Annals of the Russian academy of medical sciences</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Вестник Российской академии медицинских наук</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">0869-6047</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2414-3545</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">"Paediatrician" Publishers LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">1109</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15690/vramn1109</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ONCOLOGY: CURRENT ISSUES</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>АКТУАЛЬНЫЕ ВОПРОСЫ ОНКОЛОГИИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Data analysis of a pilot screening program for the early detection of esophageal and gastric cancers: retrospective study</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Ретроспективный анализ данных пилотной скрининговой программы по раннему выявлению рака пищевода и желудка</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7152-7104</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">2575-9219</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Smailova</surname><given-names>Dariga S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Смаилова</surname><given-names>Дарига Сансызбаевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="KZ">Kazakhstan</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>магистр медицинских наук, магистр экономики и бизнеса</p></bio><email>dari190490@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7828-3042</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">9515-3361</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Ibrayev</surname><given-names>Serik E.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ибраев</surname><given-names>Серик Ескендирович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="KZ">Kazakhstan</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD, Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., профессор</p></bio><email>serik_ibraev@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4135-6930</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">7113-7242</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Muzafarov</surname><given-names>Satybaldy N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Музафаров</surname><given-names>Сатыбалды Нухинович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="KZ">Kazakhstan</country></address><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ассистент кафедры хирургии № 1 Павлодарского филиала Государственного медицинского университета г. Семей</p></bio><email>ms_nuh@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3320-7115</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">9431-1034</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Samarova</surname><given-names>Umutzhan S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Самарова</surname><given-names>Умутжан Сапаргалиевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="KZ">Kazakhstan</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD, Associate Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.м.н., ассоциированный профессор</p></bio><email>samarova58@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5937-3045</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">5193-5729</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Khismetova</surname><given-names>Zaituna A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хисметова</surname><given-names>Зайтуна Абдулкасимовна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="KZ">Kazakhstan</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD, Associate Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.м.н., ассоциированный профессор</p></bio><email>zaituna.khismietova@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1711-2167</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">7495-1759</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Rakhimzhanova</surname><given-names>Farida S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рахимжанова</surname><given-names>Фарида Сергазиновна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="KZ">Kazakhstan</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD, Associate Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.м.н., ассоциированный профессор</p></bio><email>fa66rida@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6930-4297</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Fabbro</surname><given-names>Elisa</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Фаббро</surname><given-names>Элиза</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="IT">Italy</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ph.D, Департамент Медицины Университета Удине</p></bio><email>elisa.fabbro@uniud.it</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Semey Medical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Медицинский университет Семей</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Medical University Astana</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Медицинский университет Астана</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Pavlodar branch of Semey Medical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Павлодарский филиал Медицинского университета Семей</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff4"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">University of Udine</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Университет Удине</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2019-12-20" publication-format="electronic"><day>20</day><month>12</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2019-12-21" publication-format="electronic"><day>21</day><month>12</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>74</volume><issue>6</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>405</fpage><lpage>412</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2019-03-16"><day>16</day><month>03</month><year>2019</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2019-11-12"><day>12</day><month>11</month><year>2019</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2019, "Paediatrician" Publishers LLC</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2019, Издательство "Педиатръ"</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">"Paediatrician" Publishers LLC</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Издательство "Педиатръ"</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" start_date="2020-12-21"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://vestnikramn.spr-journal.ru/jour/about/submissions</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vestnikramn.spr-journal.ru/jour/article/view/1109">https://vestnikramn.spr-journal.ru/jour/article/view/1109</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>BACKGROUND</bold>: According to the WHO, in 2018 stomach cancer was the fifth and esophageal cancer seventh most common cancer in the world. In 2011 the National Screening Program for the Early Detection of Breast, Cervical, and Colorectal Cancer was introduced in Kazakhstan. In 2013 a pilot screening program for the early detection of esophageal and stomach cancers was introduced in Kazakhstan in some regions where there is a low detectability.</p> <p><bold>AIM</bold>: Determination of the main causes of low detection of esophageal and stomach cancers in the framework of a pilot screening program in Pavlodar region (Kazakhstan).</p> <p><bold>METHODS</bold>: According to the Ministry of Healthcare of the Republic of Kazakhstan<bold>,</bold> the target group for screening to detect esophageal and stomach cancers was men and women at the aged of 50, 52, 54, 56, 58 and 60 who were not registered as a cancer patient. A retrospective analysis was carried out according to the newly diagnosed cases of esophageal and stomach cancers in Pavlodar region for 2013−2017. All cases of esophageal and stomach cancers were analyzed to determine the proportion of new cases detected as part of a pilot screening program.</p> <p><bold>RESULTS</bold>: 1114 new cases of esophageal and stomach cancers are registered from 2013 to 2017 in Pavlodar region. According to the data in Pavlodar region the average age of newly diagnosed patients with esophageal and stomach cancers was 66 years, M = 65.92 (95 % CI: 65.24−66.59) SD = 11.495. During pilot screening program, 135 042 participants were examined; various pathological processes of the esophageal and stomach cancers were detected among 1678 patients, including 97 cancer cases. The detectability of esophageal and stomach cancers from the total number of participants was 0.07 %. Out of 1114 all registered new cases of esophageal and stomach cancers, only 97 new diagnosed cases detected as part of a pilot screening program, reaching 8.7 %, which is considered low.</p> <p><bold>CONCLUSIONS</bold>: The main reasons for low detection are administrative barriers. The main barrier of the pilot screening program was the selection of the target group at the age of 50, 52, 54, 56, 58, 60 years old only. Therefore, 15.5 % of newly diagnosed cases of esophageal and stomach cancers were missed due to existing intervals. The second barrier was the use of endoscopes which did not support the function of photo and video archiving of the conducted procedures.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Обоснование</bold>. По данным Всемирной организации здравохранения, в 2018 г. в структуре первичной заболеваемости рак желудка занял 5-е место, рак пищевода ― 7-е место во всем мире. В 2011 г. в Казахстане была внедрена национальная скрининговая программа на раннее выявление рака молочной железы, шейки матки и колоректального рака. В 2013 г. в некоторых регионах страны с низкой выявляемостью рака пищевода и желудка поэтапно была внедрена пилотная скрининговая программа на раннее выявление данной патологии.</p> <p><bold>Цель исследования</bold> ― определить основные причины низкой выявляемости рака пищевода и желудка в рамках пилотной скрининговой программы на основании данных информационных систем на примере Павлодарской области (Казахстан).</p> <p><bold>Методы</bold>. Согласно Приказу Министерства здравоохранения Республики Казахстан, целевой группой при скрининге на РПиЖ являлись мужчины и женщины в возрасте 50, 52, 54, 56, 58 и 60 лет, не состоящие на диспансерном учете по поводу рака пищевода и желудка. Ретроспективный анализ проводился по данным первичной заболеваемости раком пищевода и желудка в Павлодарской области в период 2013−2017 гг. Все случаи первичной заболеваемости были проанализированы с целью определения доли выявленных новых случаев в рамках пилотной скрининговой программы.</p> <p><bold>Результаты</bold>. С 2013 по 2017 г. в Павлодарской области было зарегистрировано 1114 новых случаев рака пищевода и желудка. По данным всех новых зарегистрированных в Павлодарской области случаев рака пищевода и желудка за 5 лет, средний возраст впервые выявленных пациентов составил 66 лет (М 65,92; 95 % ДИ 65,24−66,59, стандартное отклонение 11,495). За период реализации пилотной скрининговой программы было обследовано 135 042 участника, из них у 1678 выявлены различные патологические процессы пищевода и желудка, в том числе 97 (0,07 %) случаев рака пищевода и желудка. Из всех зарегистрированных новых случаев рак пищевода и желудка (1114) только у 97 пациентов патология была выявлена в рамках пилотной скрининговой программы, составив 8,7 %, что считается низким показателем.</p> <p><bold>Заключение</bold>. Основными причинами низкой выявляемости являются административные барьеры в реализации программы, в частности упущение групп людей (15,5 %) в «нечетном» возрасте (51, 53, 55, 57, 59 лет), установленные в рамках нормативно-правовых актов Республики Казахстан интервалы в проведении осмотров 1 раз в 2 года, а также использование устаревшей техники с малой разрешающей способностью, закупленной за счет бюджетных средств.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>screening</kwd><kwd>esophageal cancer</kwd><kwd>stomach cancer</kwd><kwd>early detection</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>скрининг</kwd><kwd>рак пищевода</kwd><kwd>рак желудка</kwd><kwd>ранняя выявляемость</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Zakko L, Lutzke L, Wang KK. Screening and preventive strategies in esophagogastric cancer. 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