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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Annals of the Russian academy of medical sciences</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Annals of the Russian academy of medical sciences</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Вестник Российской академии медицинских наук</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">0869-6047</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2414-3545</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">"Paediatrician" Publishers LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">1096</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15690/vramn1096</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>SURGERY: CURRENT ISSUES</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>АКТУАЛЬНЫЕ ВОПРОСЫ ХИРУРГИИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Surgical treatment of hammertoes (literature review)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Хирургическое лечение молоткообразной деформации пальцев стоп (обзор литературы)</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1190-7498</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">2712-8348</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Bobrov</surname><given-names>Dmitry S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бобров</surname><given-names>Дмитрий Сергеевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD, Associate Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.м.н.</p></bio><email>dsbmed@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9650-4822</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">5722-6680</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Shubkina</surname><given-names>Alena A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шубкина</surname><given-names>Алёна Александровна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, postgraguate</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>аспирант кафедры травматологии, ортопедии и хирургии катастроф лечебного факультета</p></bio><email>alenashubkina@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2202-8149</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">3268-8609</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Lychagin</surname><given-names>Alexey V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лычагин</surname><given-names>Алексей Владимирович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD, Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., профессор</p></bio><email>dr.lychagin@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1088-5522</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">7483-3524</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Slinyakov</surname><given-names>Leonid Yu.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Слиняков</surname><given-names>Леонид Юрьевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD, Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., профессор</p></bio><email>slinyakovleonid@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6272-5048</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">9191-8848</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Yakimov</surname><given-names>Leonid A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Якимов</surname><given-names>Леонид Алексеевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., профессор</p></bio><email>dr.yakimov@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет имени И.М. Сеченова (Сеченовский Университет)</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2019-10-05" publication-format="electronic"><day>05</day><month>10</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>74</volume><issue>4</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>272</fpage><lpage>282</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2019-01-15"><day>15</day><month>01</month><year>2019</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2019-09-03"><day>03</day><month>09</month><year>2019</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2019, "Paediatrician" Publishers LLC</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2019, Издательство "Педиатръ"</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">"Paediatrician" Publishers LLC</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Издательство "Педиатръ"</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" start_date="2020-10-05"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://vestnikramn.spr-journal.ru/jour/about/submissions</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vestnikramn.spr-journal.ru/jour/article/view/1096">https://vestnikramn.spr-journal.ru/jour/article/view/1096</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The high prevalence of hammertoe deformity in the population, the effect of this pathology on the ability and the quality of life allow us to consider this pathology as a important medical problem. The most common surgery is arthrodesis of the proximal interphalangeal joint with a Weil-osteotomy. Specific complication is a floating toe, which leads to overload of adjacent toes and metatarsal heads. For to correct the instability of the metatarsophalangeal joint, the flexor to extensor transfer Girdlestone-Taylor can be used. However, the use of this procedure had limitations associated with difficult surgery techniques and below the average cosmetic result of the procedure. In the study of the causes of hammertoe deformity, the conclusion of the importance of the plantar plate of the metatarsophalangeal joint was made. Plantar plate repair leads to the stabilization of the metatarsophalangeal joint, reduces the risk of developing a floating toe, leads to the restoration of the support function and normal biomechanics of movement and foot function. Simultaneously, the plantar plate repair technically complicates surgical treatment. An promising direction of treatment is minimally invasive technologies for correction of hammertoe deformity that can reduce the risk of infectious complications, improve the cosmetic result of the surgery and reduce the risk of postoperative contracture in the joint, the time of the operation and rehabilitation, postoperative pain, emotional stress for the patient. However, the technique this type of surgery is more difficult, it requires a long training of the surgeon. The potential risk of intraoperative damage to various anatomical structures increases, which requires use of special tools during surgery. The choice of the surgical procedures is based on the individual characteristics of the pathological changes in the patient’s foot, the equipment of the operating room and the experience of the surgeon. It is necessary to evaluate the elasticity of the deformity, the stability of the metatarsophalangeal joint, the presence and severity of concomitant overloading metatarsalgia, as well as to take into account the subjective personalized requirements and expectations of the patient.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Широкая распространенность молоткообразной деформации пальцев стоп, влияние данной патологии на трудоспособность и качество жизни позволяют считать ее значимой медицинской проблемой. Наиболее распространенная операция в настоящее время ― артродез проксимального межфалангового сустава в сочетании с Weil-остеотомией. Специфическое осложнение ― флотирующий палец — приводит к перегрузке смежных пальцев и головок плюсневых костей. Одной из причин данного осложнения является нестабильность плюснефалангового сустава, для коррекции которой используется операция по транспозиции сухожилия длинного сгибателя пальца на проксимальную фалангу. Использование данной методики имеет ограничения, связанные со сложной техникой операции и посредственным косметическим результатом. При изучении причин молоткообразной деформации пальцев был сделан вывод о важном значении подошвенной связки плюснефалангового сустава, восстановление которой приводит к стабилизации сустава, восстанавливает опорную функцию и нормальную биомеханику стопы. Перспективным направлением лечения молоткообразной деформации является использование малоинвазивных технологий, которые позволяют снизить риск инфекционных осложнений, послеоперационной контрактуры сустава, сократить время проведения операции, сроки реабилитации, уменьшить послеоперационный болевой синдром. Техника минимальной инвазивной операции сложнее, требует длительного обучения хирурга, продолжительного контроля за послеоперационным ведением пациента, имеет более высокий потенциальный риск интраоперационного повреждения анатомических структур. Выбор метода лечения основывается на индивидуальных особенностях патологических изменений стопы пациента, технических возможностях и опыте хирурга. При выборе тактики лечения необходимо оценивать эластичность деформации, степень стабильности плюснефалангового сустава, наличие и выраженность сопутствующей перегрузочной метатарзалгии; учитывать персонифицированные требования и ожидания конкретного пациента. Результаты хирургического лечения пациентов, по данным различных авторов, полученные с помощью опросника AOFAS для резекционной артропластики проксимального межфалангового сустава, улучшились в среднем в 2,4 раза (до операции — 36,1 балла, на контрольном осмотре — 87,3 балла). По визуальной аналоговой шкале (ВАШ) отмечалась положительная динамика в 4,8 раза (до операции — 7,2, на контрольном осмотре — 1,5). При восстановлении подошвенной связки среднее улучшение по опроснику AOFAS у различных авторов составило 1,8 раза (до операции — 47,2, на контрольном осмотре — 85,1). По шкале ВАШ результаты улучшились в 5,7 раза (до операции — 6,8, на контрольном осмотре — 1,2). При применении минимально инвазивных методик удовлетворенность пациентов составила 87,3%. При пересадке сухожилий послеоперационный балл по шкале AOFAS составил 83,4. Дополнительных данных о результатах не представлено, либо они представлены в недостаточном объеме.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>hammer toe syndrome</kwd><kwd>minimally invasive surgical procedures</kwd><kwd>plantar plate</kwd><kwd>review literature</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>молоткообразная деформация</kwd><kwd>восстановление подошвенной связки</kwd><kwd>минимально инвазивная хирургия</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><award-group><award-id></award-id></award-group></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Angirasa AK, Barrett MJ, Silvester D. 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