INTERSTITIAL PACEMAKER CELLS

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Abstract

This article is devoted to interstitial Cajal cells (syn. telocytes, interstitial pacemaker cells, IPC). First those cells were discovered by C.R Cajal in the muscle coat of the gut in 1893. Nowadays they have revealed in all parts of digestive systems (from esophagus to rectum), urinary and biliary tracts, prostate, liver, the walls of arteries and lymphatics, as well Fallopian tube, myometrium, mammary glands. Characteristic ultrastructural features are elongated spindle shape, length from 40 to 100 μm, the thickness of 0.2–0.5 μm, the presence of 2–5 processes. Length of them ranging from tens to hundreds of micrometers, some of them have secondary and tertiary branching, forming a three-dimensional network. IPC having spontaneous electrical (pacemaker) activity are cause to contraction of smooth muscle cells. Depending on the location of IPC have different morphological and ultrastructural characteristics. Characteristic immunohistochemical markers are CD117, CD34, S100, vimentin. IPC replay to acetylcholine, norepinephrine, estrogen, progesterone, and nitric oxide by influence of corresponding receptors. IPC have specific gap junctions with lymphocytes, basophiles, eosinophils, neutrophils, mast cells and dendritic cells. Grave pathology of those cells are forming gastrointestinal stromal tumors.

About the authors

N. V. Nizyaeva

V.I. Kulakov Research Centre for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology, Moscow

Author for correspondence.
Email: niziaeva@gmail.com
MD, senior research scientist of the 2nd Pathology Department of V.I. Kulakov RI for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology Russian Federation

M. V. Marei

V.I. Kulakov Research Centre for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology, Moscow

Email: mashamarei@mail.ru
junior research scientist at the Laboratory of Mitochondrial Medicine of V.I. Kulakov RI for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology Russian Federation

G. T. Sukhikh

V.I. Kulakov Research Centre for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology, Moscow

Email: secretariat@oparina4.ru
academician of RAMN, director of V.I. Kulakov RI for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology Russian Federation

A. I. Shchegolev

V.I. Kulakov Research Centre for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology, Moscow

Email: ashegolev@oparina4.ru

PhD, professor, Head of the 2nd Pathology Department of V.I. Kulakov RI for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology

 

 

Russian Federation

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