The First Domestic Experience of Detecting the Association of Anaerobic Bacteria Filifactor Alocis and Porphyromonas Gingivalis by Molecular Biological Methods in Periodontal Diseases and Comorbid Pathology (Comparative Research)

Background. The widespread global increase in the incidence of periodontitis and the role of its pathogens in comorbid pathology and systemic complications determines the need to create new molecular genetic systems for diagnosis and the use of metagenomic and bioinformatic analysis methods.

Aims — to use methods of microbiological genodiagnostics and bioinformatic analysis to prove the etiological role of the key periodontal pathogens Filifactor alocis and Porphyromonas gingivalis, characterizing the degree of progression of chronic periodontitis, and its association with a systemic pathological process (type 2 diabetes mellitus).

Methods. A comparative assessment of the identification of key periodontopathogenic species P. gingivalis and F. alocis in different forms of periodontitis according to the degree of progression (84 people) using a previously patented system of primers in patients in 4 comparison groups, differing in the degree of progression. 16S sequencing and bioinformatic analysis were performed in 69 patients (including 38 with type 2 diabetes mellitus). All nondiabetic patients were required to have HbA1c level 6.0%.

Results. A higher frequency of detection of periodontal pathogens was established in patients of group C with a pronounced tendency to progression (93 and 100% respectively). The simultaneous presence of P. gingivalis and F. alocis in chronic periodontitis of grade B was noted in 20% of cases, and in grade C — in 93% of cases.

Conclusions. The proposed method can be used to effectively determine the degree of periodontitis progression based on the determination of oligonucleotide primers of P. gingivalis and F. alocis, including comorbid pathology — periodontitis and type 2 diabetes mellitus.