VEGFRS IN NEOPLASTIC ANGIOGENESIS AND PROSPECTS FOR THERAPY ОF BRAIN TUMORS

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Abstract

Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common type of primary brain cancer that characterized by poor prognosis due to the rapid progression, active angiogenesis, enhanced tumor cell invasion and the emergence of resistance toward conventional therapy. In this connection, nowadays, new approaches for selective inhibition of crucial steps in tumor progression are actively developing. The key feature of tumor growth and development is angiogenesis. VEGF and its receptor VEGFR2 play the pivotal role in regulation of tumor vessel formation. Therefore, VEGFR2, as the main receptor of VEGF’s pro-angiogenic signal transducer, is a promising molecular target for anti-angiogenic therapy. There is evidence that inhibitors of VEGF and VEGFR2 reduce endothelial cell proliferation, migration and survival that lead to regression of vessel density and decrease vascular permeability, thereby slowing tumor growth. Currently, a number of VEGFR2 inhibitors are under clinical trials (ramucirumab, cediranib) and several were approved (sunitinib, sorafenib). Despite the promising results of preclinical studies, the efficacy of antiangiogenic drugs in the clinical practice is significantly lower, mainly, due to rapid adaptation of malignant cells that consists of alternative pro-angiogenic pathways activation, recruitment of endothelial progenitor cells from bone marrow and increasing of the invasive growth. Given the diversity of pro-angiogenic mechanisms, enhancement of the efficacy of tumor therapy could be achieved by specific inhibition of VEGFR2 functions that will be supplemented by other antiangiogenic drugs (anti-VEGF,-PlGF,-HIF1α). In addition, multitargeting therapy should focus on the combined inhibition of angiogenesis, invasion, metastasis, proliferation and survival of tumor cells.

 

About the authors

A. A. Korchagina

Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation

Author for correspondence.
Email: avilis1@yandex.ru

postgraduate of the Department of Medical nanobiotechnologies of N.I. Pirogov RRMU. Address: 1, Ostrovityanov Street, Moscow, RF, 117997, tel.: +7 (495) 434-13-01

Russian Federation

S. A. Shein

Serbsky State Scientific Center for Social and Forensic Psychiatry, Moscow, Russian Federation

Email: atomos@rambler.ru
MD, research scientist of the Laboratory of Neurochemistry of FSBI “V.P. Serbskii SSC of social and forensic psychiatry”. Address: 23, Kropotkinskii per., Moscow, RF, 119034, tel.: +7 (495) 695-02-62 Russian Federation

O. I. Gurina

Serbsky State Scientific Center for Social and Forensic Psychiatry, Moscow, Russian Federation

Email: olga672@yandex.ru
PhD, Head of the Laboratory of Neurochemistry of FSBI “V.P. Serbskii SSC of social and forensic psychiatry”. Address: 23, Kropotkinskii per., Moscow, RF, 119034, tel.: +7 (495) 695-02-62 Russian Federation

V. P. Chekhonin

Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation
Serbsky State Scientific Center for Social and Forensic Psychiatry, Moscow, Russian Federation

Email: chekhoninnew@yandex.ru
PhD, professor, academician of RAMS, Head of the Department of Fundamental and applied neurobiology of FSBI “V.P. Serbskii SSC of social and forensic psychiatry”, Head of the Department of Medical nanobiotechnologies of N.I. Pirogov RRMU. Address: 23, Kropotkinskii per., Moscow, RF, 119034, tel.: +7 (495) 695-02-62 Russian Federation

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