β-Catenin: Structure, Function and Role in Malignant Transformation of Epithelial Cells

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Abstract

The article presents the data on the structure and mechanisms of β-сatenin functioning. The basic aspects of the role of β-сatenin in malignant transformation have been studied at various tumors. Primary structure of β-catenin allows it to interact with many factors and ligands, including transcription factors, α-catenin, cadherin, Axin, Rho family GTPases, Bcl9 et al. This interaction is the base for β-catenin's intracellular multifunctioning. The review presents data on the participation of β-catenin in the mechanisms of adhesion, regulation of RNA metabolism, formation contacts with the cytoskeleton and its role in the canonical Wnt signaling pathway, marked examples pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory effects of β-catenin. The β-catenin involvement in malignant transformation and progression of certain tumors is not in doubt. The data on the changes in β-catenin expression in the given examples of colon cancer, prostate cancer, different forms of thyroid cancer and hepatocellular carcinoma are presented with the prospects of its use as a marker and a predictor of malignant transformation. Continued research in this area will not only make use of β-catenin as a potential predictor of malignant tumors, but also to develop approaches to targeted therapy.

About the authors

A. V. Isaeva

Siberian State Medical University;
Tomsk Саnсеr Rеsеаrсh Institute

Author for correspondence.
Email: seneann@mail.ru
Tomsk Russian Federation

A. P. Zima

Siberian State Medical University;
Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University

Email: zima2302@gmail.com

Tomsk;

Kaliningrad

Russian Federation

I. P. Shabalova

Russian Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education Studies

Email: irenshab@inbox.ru
Moscow Russian Federation

N. V. Ryazantseva

Siberian Federal University;
Krasnoyarsk State Medical University

Email: nv_ryazan@mail.ru
Krasnoyarsk Russian Federation

O. A. Vasil’eva

Siberian State Medical University

Email: vasiljeva-24@yandex.ru
Tomsk Russian Federation

K. T. Kasoayn

Russian Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education Studies

Email: karishe@list.ru
Moscow Russian Federation

T. V. Saprina

Siberian State Medical University

Email: tvsaprina@sibmail.com
Tomsk Russian Federation

V. N. Latypova

Siberian State Medical University

Email: veneralatypova@mail.ru
Tomsk Russian Federation

I. S. Berezkina

Siberian State Medical University

Email: berezkina.is@mail.ru
Tomsk Russian Federation

V. V. Novitskii

Siberian State Medical University

Email: kaf.pat.fiziolog@ssmu.ru
Tomsk Russian Federation

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